So wo ba kumaa no nhwɛ n’akyi bere a wɔbɔ ne din no? So n’ani nnye ho kɛse sɛ ɔne mmofra afoforo bedi agoru? Anaasɛ ɔyɛ ade koro no ara mpɛn pii? Sɛ wuhu nneɛma a ɛte sɛɛ a, ebia wobɛte nka sɛ wohaw kakra na wosuro. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛfata koraa. Ɛnnɛ yɛbɛka asɛmti bi a ɛfa su horow a ɛtete saa ho, a ɛhaw awofo pii. Ɛno ne autism, anaasɛ wɔ aduruyɛ mu no, autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Dɛn ne autism ankasa?
Sɛ yɛbɛka no tiawa a, autism yɛ nkɔso mu yare a ɛka ɔkwan a obi fa so di nkitaho, ɔyɛ n’ade, na ɔne afoforo di nkitaho. Adeɛ a ɛho hia sɛ yɛkae ne sɛ autism nyɛ yareɛ. Wɔrentumi nsa, nanso sɛ wɔde mmoa ne ayaresa a ɛfata ma abofra a ɔwɔ tebea no a, obetumi atra ase yiye na anigye wom.
Wɔde asɛmfua "spectrum" di dwuma efisɛ ɛnyɛ obiara a ɔwɔ saa tebea yi na ɔyɛ pɛ. Nnipa binom nya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a emu nyɛ den koraa, bere a afoforo nso betumi anya yare no ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛma ɛyɛ den ma wɔn sɛ wɔbɛyɛ da biara da nnwuma. Eyi kyerɛ sɛ mmofra baanu biara nni hɔ a wɔwɔ saa tebea yi a wɔyɛ pɛ.
Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛde autism ba?
Nyansahufo nnya nnyaa asɛmmisa yi ho mmuae a edi mu ɔha biara mu nkyem 100, nanso wogye di sɛ abusuabɔ titiriw bi wɔ awosu mu .
- Abusua abakɔsɛm: Sɛ obi a ɔwɔ abusua no mu, te sɛ ɛna, agya, onua, anaa onuawa, wɔ saa tebea yi a, hokwan wɔ hɔ sɛ abofra no nso benya bi. Nanso, ɛnyɛ bere nyinaa na eyi te saa.
- Awosu mu tebea afoforo: Mmofra a wɔwɔ autism no mu bɛyɛ 10% wɔ awosu mu tebea afoforo, te sɛ Down syndrome anaa fragile X syndrome.
- Mfe a awofo adi: Nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi ada no adi sɛ dodow a awofo no nyin bere a wɔrenyinsɛn no, dodow no ara na asiane no yɛ kɛse.
- Nnuru a wɔde di dwuma bere a wɔyem: Adanse bi wɔ hɔ a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nnuru bi a oduruyɛfo akyerɛw ama no bere a wɔyem, titiriw opioid a wɔde kum ɛyaw no nso betumi ayɛ asiane.
Ade a ɛho hia sɛ yɛkae ne sɛ eyinom yɛ asiane ahorow ara kwa. Ɛnkyerɛ sɛ abofra bi benya autism esiane sɛ ɔwɔ saa nneɛma yi ara kwa nti. Ɛho hia nso sɛ yɛkae sɛ nyansahu mu abusuabɔ biara nni vaccines ne autism ntam.
Mmofra binom fi ase da saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi adi wɔ awo akyi asram kakraa bi. Ebia afoforo nso benya nkɔso sɛnea ɛsɛ wɔ asram anaa mfe kakraa bi a edi kan no mu na afei wɔafi ase ada saa sɛnkyerɛnne ahorow yi adi. Awofo taa hu nsakrae bi bere a wɔadi afe biako, na bere a wɔadi mfe abien no, awofo bɛyɛ 80%-90% hu sɛ ɔhaw bi wɔ hɔ.
Mɛyɛ dɛn ahu sɛ me ba no wɔ autism ho sɛnkyerɛnne?
Wɔ autism mu no, mmeae atitiriw abiɛsa na wobetumi ahu nsonsonoe: asetra mu abusuabɔ, nkitahodi, ne nneyɛe. Momma yɛnhwɛ eyinom wɔ ɔkwan soronko so.
| 1. Su ahorow a wobetumi ahu wɔ asetra mu abusuabɔ mu | |
|---|---|
| Ɛnyɛ sɛ wɔrebua din | Bere a wadi afe biako mpo no, sɛ wɔbɔ ne din a, ɔnhwɛ n’akyi. |
| Ɔpɛ sɛ ɔno nkutoo na ɔtra hɔ | Ɔmpɛ sɛ ɔne afoforo bɛkasa, adi agoru, anaa wɔbɛkyɛ nneɛma. |
| Honam fam nsa a wɔde ka obi ho a wɔmpɛ | Ɔmpɛ anaasɛ ɔpow sɛ obi bɛyɛ no atuu anaasɛ obekura no. |
| Aniwa a Ɛnyɛ Yiye | Kwati sɛ wode w’ani bɛhwɛ obi tẽẽ bere a worekasa anaa mmere foforo no. |
| Ɛyɛ den sɛ wobɛte nkate horow ase | Sɛ obi ntumi nte n’ankasa ne afoforo nkate a ɛfa awerɛhow ne anigye ho ase. Awerɛhow a wɔmpɛ sɛ wɔkyekye wɔn werɛ. |
| 2. Su ahorow a wobetumi ahu wɔ nkɔmmɔbɔ ne nkitahodi mu | |
|---|---|
| Twentwɛn wo nan ase wɔ kasa mu | Nsɛmfua a ɛfata wɔn mfe a wɔrenka, anaasɛ wɔnkasa koraa. Ebia mmofra binom bɛkasa kakra na afei wɔahwere saa tumi no. |
| Nsɛm a wɔka no mpɛn pii (Echolalia) . | Sɛ wobɛsan aka biribi a wote anaa woka no mpɛn pii, te sɛ echo. |
| Ɛnne a ɛyɛ nwonwa | Ɔkasa wɔ ɛnne biako mu, te sɛ robɔt, a nkate biara nni mu. |
| Ɔkasa a wɔde edinnsiananmu sesa | Nneɛma te sɛ wo ho asɛm a wobɛka sɛ "wo" mmom sen sɛ wobɛka "me". |
| Ɛnyɛ nsaanodwuma a wɔde bedi dwuma | Wo nsa a woremfa nkyerɛ biribi, worenka ‘tata’, na wonte ase bere a afoforo yɛ saa. |
| 3. Nsakrae a wotumi hu wɔ nneyɛe nhyehyɛe mu | |
|---|---|
| Suban a wɔtaa yɛ no mpɛn pii | Nneɛma te sɛ nsa a wɔbɔ, wosow, ne twitwiw. |
| Nneɛma a wɔde si hɔ | Agode, mfoninitwa, anaa asɛmti biako ho anigye a ɛboro so. |
| Nneɛma a wɔyɛ daa a wodi so katee | Mmɔden a wɔbɔ sɛ wobɛyɛ biribiara ɔkwan koro so, bere koro mu. Sɛ wɔsesa biribi ketewaa te sɛ prɛte mpo a, ɛhaw wo kɛse. |
| Nkate a ɛma obi te nka | Nneɛma bi te sɛ nnyigyei, hann, anaa ntade a wɔde ka obi ho a wobɛte nka dodo anaasɛ n’ani nnye ho koraa. |
| Fussy adidi | Ɔpɛ sɛ wodi nnuan ahorow kakraa bi pɛ. Aduan kɔla ne sɛnea ɛte ho a wobɛka no pɔtee yiye. |
| Suban a ɛyɛ hu na ɛyɛ basabasa | Nneɛma te sɛ biribi a wobɛyɛ a wunsusuw ho, wo ho a wobɛbɔ anaa afoforo, nneɛma a wobɛtow, ne nea ɛkeka ho. |
Bere bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ wokɔ oduruyɛfo nkyɛn?
Dodow a wohu tebea yi ntɛm no, dodow no ara na wubetumi de mmoa ama wo ba no. Ɛno nti na ɛho hia sɛ wohwɛ sɛnea wo ba no nyin yiye no. Sɛ wo ba no ntumi nkɔ nkɔso mu nsɛntitiriw a wɔabobɔ din wɔ ase ha no ho, anaasɛ ofi ase hwere ne nimdeɛ bi a, hwɛ hu sɛ wo ne oduruyɛfo bɛkasa.
| Mfeɛ | Nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ yiye wɔ ho |
|---|---|
| Asram 6 na ɛwɔ hɔ | Sɛ woanserew a |
| Asram 9 na ɛwɔ hɔ | Sɛ wɔansuasua anim yɛbea anaa nnyigyei ahorow a |
| Asram 12 na ɛwɔ hɔ | Sɛ woankasa wɔ babbling mu a |
| Asram 14 na ɛwɔ hɔ | Sɛ woannyɛ nsateaa te sɛ wo nsa a wode bɛkyerɛ anaa woka sɛ 'tata' a. |
| Asram 16 na ɛwɔ hɔ | Sɛ woanka asɛmfua biako mpo a |
| Asram 18 na ɛwɔ hɔ | Gye sɛ wode wo ho hyɛ agodie a wɔde yɛ wo ho mu (e.g., woma abofra bi aduan) . |
| Asram 24 na ɛwɔ hɔ | Sɛ woanka kasamu a nsɛmfua abien wom a |
Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa wɔ biribi a ɛte sɛɛ ho a, yɛsrɛ wo mfa nsie wo ho na ɛnhaw wo. Ntɛm ara kɔ wo mmofra oduruyɛfo anaa abusua oduruyɛfo nkyɛn na ka eyi ho asɛm. Wɔbɛkyerɛ wo kwan pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Nkrasɛm a Wɔde Kɔ Fie
- Autism nyɛ yare, ɛyɛ tebea a ɛfa amemene no nkɔso ho . Ɛho nhia sɛ yesuro anaa yɛn ani wu wɔ eyi ho.
- Ɛsono abofra biara. Enti, autism ho sɛnkyerɛnne betumi ayɛ soronko kɛse wɔ abofra biara mu. Mfa wo ba ntoto abofra foforo ho.
- Ɛdenam tebea yi a wubehu ntɛm na wode suban ne kasa ho ayaresa a ɛho hia ama abofra no so no, wubetumi aboa no kɛse ma wɔatra ase sɛnea ɛsɛ.
- Sɛ w’adwene mu yɛ wo naa kakra mpo wɔ wo ba no nkɔso ho a, yɛsrɛ wo hwehwɛ aduruyɛfo afotu. Ɛyɛ ade a eye sen biara a wubetumi ayɛ ama wo ho ne wo ba.
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