Shin wani lokacin kana yin ja a jikinka kwatsam ka fara kaikayi? Ko kuma kana atishawa bayan atishawa, idanunka suka yi ja, kuma kana fuskantar wahalar numfashi da zarar ka shaƙa ɗan ƙura? Dole ne ka fuskanci waɗannan abubuwan ma. Da yawa daga cikinmu suna kiran wannan yanayin ' alerji '. Amma mutane da yawa suna fama da rashin lafiyan ba tare da sanin ainihin inda wannan rashin lafiyan ya fito ba, wato, me ke damunka. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana game da yadda za a gano ainihin dalilin wannan rashin lafiyan da ke damun jikinka.
Menene ainihin rashin lafiyan?
A taƙaice dai, rashin lafiyan abu ne da ba a so a cikin tsarin garkuwar jikinmu. Yawanci, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana da alhakin yaƙar ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da cututtuka. Amma wani lokacin, idan abubuwan da ba su da lahani ga jiki (misali, ƙura, pollen, wasu abinci, ƙurar dabbobi, da sauransu) suka shiga jiki, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana tunanin cewa waɗannan manyan abokan gaba ne kuma yana fara yaƙi da su. Sakamakon wannan faɗa, muna fuskantar alamun rashin lafiyan (ƙaiƙayi, atishawa, ƙarancin numfashi). A fannin likitanci, muna kiran waɗannan abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiyan allergens .
Me yasa kake buƙatar taimakon likita?
A mafi yawan lokuta, za mu iya fahimtar dalilin rashin lafiyarmu. Misali, idan ka samu kuraje a jikinka kawai ta hanyar cin curry na jatan lande, to kana iya samun rashin lafiyar jatan lande. Ko kuma idan ka yi atishawa kuma kana da ruwa ta hanyar taɓa kyanwarka, to hakan na iya faruwa ne saboda gashin kyanwar. A irin waɗannan yanayi, za ka iya sarrafa rashin lafiyarka ta hanyar nisantar waɗannan abubuwan.
Amma ba koyaushe yake da sauƙi a gano musabbabin ba. Wani lokaci ba za ka iya gano abin da ke da rashin lafiyar ka ba. Wani lokaci akwai dalilai da yawa. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ya kamata mu nemi taimakon likita .
Likitan zai fara tambayarka game da alamominka, lokacin da suka faru, salon rayuwarka, da kuma ko wani a cikin iyalinka yana da asma ko rashin lafiyan jiki don fahimtar yanayinka. Sannan, zai iya ba da shawarar wasu gwaje-gwaje na musamman don gano abin da ke haifar da allergen.
Babban gwaje-gwaje don gano dalilin alerji
Akwai manyan nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje guda uku don gano ainihin dalilin rashin lafiyar.
1. Gwaje-gwajen Fata
Wannan ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita, mafi nasara, kuma mafi sauri a duniya. Ga abin da ke faruwa:
- Likitan zai sanya ɗigon ruwa na musamman da aka yi daga abubuwan da kake zargin kana da rashin lafiyan (ƙura, ƙurar ƙura, abinci, ƙura, da sauransu) a kan fatar hannunka ko bayanka.
- Sai a yi amfani da wata ƙaramar allura mai kyau don yin ƙaramin yankewa a fatar inda digon ruwa yake. Wannan ba ya ciwo, kawai yana jin kamar ƙaramin karce ne.
- Yanzu jira na kimanin mintuna 15-20. Idan jikinka yana da rashin lafiyan wani abu, wurin da aka shafa ruwan zai yi ja kaɗan ya kumbura kamar ƙaramin ƙura, kamar cizon sauro.
- Ta hanyar duba waɗannan sakamakon, likita zai iya gaya maka ainihin abin da kake da rashin lafiyan.
2. Gwaje-gwajen Jini na Musamman na IgE
Wasu mutane ba za a iya yi musu gwajin fata ba. Misali, mutanen da ke fama da matsanancin ciwon fata (kamar eczema) ko waɗanda ke shan wasu magunguna na iya samun matsala wajen yin wannan gwajin. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ana yin gwajin jini.
- Abin da ke faruwa a nan shi ne, ana ɗaukar ƙaramin jini daga jikinka kuma ana gwada matakin ƙwayoyin rigakafi a cikinsa.
- A taƙaice dai, idan wani abu mai rashin lafiyan ya shiga jikinmu, garkuwar jikinmu tana samar da wani nau'in rigakafi na musamman da ake kira 'Immunoglobulin E (IgE)' don yaƙar sa.
- Wannan gwajin jini yana duba ko kuna da ƙwayoyin rigakafi na "IgE" da yawa a cikin jininku don yaƙi da wani takamaiman allergen. Idan matakin "IgE" a cikin jininku yana da yawa, yana nufin cewa kuna da rashin lafiyar wannan sinadarin.
3. Gwaje-gwajen Kawarwa / Kalubale
Ana amfani da wannan hanyar musamman don gano rashin lafiyar abinci .
- Ka yi tunanin likitanka yana zargin kana da rashin lafiyar madara. Sai likitan ya gaya maka ka daina cin madara gaba ɗaya da duk wani kayan kiwo (kamar yogurt, cuku, ice cream) na tsawon makonni biyu.
- Idan alamun rashin lafiyarka suka ragu a wannan lokacin, to a ƙarƙashin kulawar likita, za ka iya sake ba wa jaririnka nono kaɗan ka ga ko alamun sun dawo.
- Wannan yana da matuƙar muhimmanci: Kada a taɓa gwada waɗannan gwaje-gwajen a gida ba tare da tuntuɓar likita ba, domin wani lokacin rashin lafiyar na iya yin tsanani kuma ya haifar da haɗari.
| Hanyar gwaji | Yaya ake yi? | Wa ya fi dacewa da shi? |
|---|---|---|
| Gwajin Haushin Fata | Sanya digo na wanda ake zargi da rashin lafiyar jiki a fata sannan a shafa a hankali. | Ya dace da yawancin mutane. Yana ba da sakamako mai sauri. |
| Gwajin jini (Takamaiman Gwajin IgE) | Ɗauki samfurin jini da kuma auna takamaiman ƙwayoyin rigakafi na IgE da ke cikinsa. | Ga waɗanda ke fama da cututtukan fata ko waɗanda ba za a iya yi musu gwajin fata ba. |
| Gwajin Kawarwa | Cire abincin da ake zargi daga abincin, sannan a sake gabatar da shi a ƙarƙashin kulawar likita. | Musamman ga allergies na abinci. |
Me zai faru idan wani mummunan rashin lafiyan (anaphylaxis) ya faru?
Wannan abu ne mai matuƙar muhimmanci da ya kamata mu sani. Wasu halayen rashin lafiyan suna da matuƙar haɗari, har ma suna barazana ga rayuwa. Muna kiran wannan da anaphylaxis . A nan, dukkan jiki yana amsawa ba zato ba tsammani.
- Wahalar numfashi, kumburin makogwaro
- Matsewar ƙirji, bugun zuciya mai sauri
- Amai, ciwon ciki
- Kumburin fuska, lebe, da harshe
- Jin jiri da rashin sani
Idan ɗaya ko fiye daga cikin waɗannan alamun suka bayyana ba zato ba tsammani, to gaggawa ce ta likita.
Ga mutanen da aka san suna da matsanancin rashin lafiyan jiki, likita yana ba da allura ta musamman. Ana kiranta da allurar Epinephrine Auto-injector . Ana kuma santa da 'EpiPen'. Yana da mahimmanci ga mutumin da ke da matsanancin rashin lafiyan ya ci gaba da wannan allurar a kowane lokaci. Da zarar alamun rashin lafiyan ya fara, ya kamata ya yi allurar a cinya. Likitan zai koya muku yadda ake amfani da ita.
Muhimmi sosai: Ko da alamun cutar sun ragu kaɗan bayan an yi maka wannan allurar, ya kamata ka je Sashen Gaggawa na Asibiti mafi kusa (ETU) nan da nan. Wannan kuwa saboda tasirin allurar zai ƙare cikin kusan rabin sa'a, kuma alamun cutar na iya sake bayyana.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Rashin lafiyan jiki ba wai kawai ciwon kai ne na fata ba, har ma yana iya zama barazana ga rayuwa. Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a gano musabbabin.
- Idan kana da ko da ƙaramin zargi cewa kana da rashin lafiyan, to lallai ka je wurin likita ka nemi shawara.
- Gwaje-gwajen likitanci na zamani kamar gwajin fata da gwajin jini na iya taimaka maka gano ainihin abin da ke damunka.
- Ga mutanen da ke fama da matsanancin rashin lafiyan jiki (anaphylaxis), hanya ce ta ceton rai a riƙa ajiye allurar epinephrine da likitanka ya rubuta a kusa.
- Kada ka yi ƙoƙarin magance rashin lafiyan jiki ko ka daina cin wasu abinci bisa ga zato ba tare da tuntubar likita ba.
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