Sirrin rayuwarmu: Bari mu koyi komai game da jini! (Jini)

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin dalilin da yasa jini yake da muhimmanci ga jikinmu? Ba za mu iya rayuwa ba tare da shi ba. Jini kamar mai ne ga mota ko ruwa ga gida. Idan jikinmu kamar injina ne mai ban mamaki, jini muhimmin sinadari ne ga wannan injin don yin aiki. Don haka a yau, bari mu yi magana game da wannan ruwa mai ban mamaki, jini, ta hanya mai sauƙi da za ku iya fahimta. Bari mu ga menene jini, abin da yake yi, da kuma dalilin da ya sa yake da mahimmanci ga rayuwarmu.

Menene jini? Me ya sa yake da daraja a gare mu?

A taƙaice dai, jini ruwa ne ja da ke ratsa jikinmu. Amma ba ruwa kawai ba ne. Jini yana yin wani muhimmin aiki, yana ɗaukar abubuwan da muke buƙata don rayuwa zuwa ga kowace ƙaramar ƙwayar halitta a jikinmu, kuma yana cire abubuwan da ba mu buƙata daga waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta . Ka yi tunanin jini a matsayin sabis na jigilar kaya cikin jikinmu cikin sauri. Jini yana da manyan ayyuka da yawa:

• Rarraba Iskar Oxygen : Iskar oxygen da ke shiga huhu lokacin da muke numfashi jini ne ke ɗaukar ta a ko'ina cikin jiki. Kamar yadda muke buƙatar itace don kunna wuta, haka nan ƙwayoyin jikinmu ke buƙatar iskar oxygen don yin aiki.
• Rarraba Sinadaran Abinci: Jini yana ɗauke da sinadarai masu gina jiki (misali, glucose , bitamin , da ma'adanai ) waɗanda ake narkewa da kuma sha daga abincin da muke ci zuwa ga dukkan ƙwayoyin halitta. Ba tare da wannan sinadari ba, ƙwayoyin halitta ba su da kuzari kuma ba za su iya girma ba.
• Cire sharar gida: Jini yana taimakawa wajen ɗaukar sharar da ƙwayoyin halitta ke samarwa, kamar carbon dioxide , zuwa huhu, kodan , da hanji don a cire su daga jiki.
• Kariya daga cututtuka : Lokacin da ƙwayoyin cuta suka shiga jikinmu, akwai nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta na musamman a cikin jini waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen yaƙar su da kuma kare mu daga cututtuka.
• Jigilar Hormones: Jini yana ɗaukar manzannin sinadarai da ake kira hormones, waɗanda ake samarwa a wani ɓangare na jiki, zuwa wasu sassan jiki kuma suna taimakawa wajen sarrafa ayyuka daban-daban.
• Kula da zafin jiki: Jini kuma yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye zafin jikinmu a matakin da ya dace.

To ka fahimta, ko? Jini ba wai kawai jan ruwa bane, wani abu ne da yake da mahimmanci ga rayuwarmu!

Da me ake yin jini? (Hanyar Jini)

Yanzu bari mu ga irin abubuwan da aka haɗa don samar da wannan jini mai daraja. Akwai manyan sassa biyu na jini. Ɗaya shine ɓangaren ruwa , ɗayan kuma shine nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta da ke shawagi a cikin wannan ruwan.

Menene Plasma?

Wannan ɓangaren ruwa na jini shine abin da muke kira plasma . Yawanci ruwa ne mai launin rawaya. Wannan plasma ya ƙunshi ɗan fiye da rabin jini. Plasma ba ruwa kawai ba ne. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu mahimmanci:

• Ruwa: Jini (plasma) galibi ruwa ne.
• Sunadaran: Jini yana dauke da nau'ikan sunadaran daban-daban, kamar albumin, globulin, da fibrinogen. Waɗannan suna yin ayyuka da yawa a jiki. Misali, sun haɗa da sunadaran da ke taimakawa wajen toshewar jini, kwayoyin kariya da ke yaki da cututtuka, da kuma sunadaran da ke taimakawa wajen daidaita ruwa a jiki.
• Sinadaran gina jiki: Abubuwa kamar glucose, amino acid, fatty acids, bitamin, da ma'adanai da muka yi magana a baya suma ana jigilar su zuwa ƙwayoyin halitta ta hanyar plasma.
• Hormones: Jini kuma yana ɗauke da hormones da glanders daban-daban ke samarwa a ko'ina cikin jiki.
• Sharar gida: Jini (plasma) yana kuma ɗauke da sharar gida kamar urea da carbon dioxide da aka fitar daga ƙwayoyin halitta zuwa ga gabobin da suka dace.

Ka yi tunanin plasma a matsayin miya kawai. Kamar ruwa, ya narkar da dukkan nau'ikan abubuwa da ke cikinsa waɗanda ke ba shi ɗanɗano da halaye.

Sojoji a cikin jini: Bari mu koyi game da nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jini?

Yanzu bari mu yi magana game da ƙwayoyin jinin da ke shawagi a cikin wani ruwa mai suna plasma. Waɗannan su ne ƙananan masu taimako waɗanda ke taimaka wa jini yin takamaiman ayyuka. Akwai manyan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jini guda uku.

Kwayoyin jinin ja: Abokan jajayen da ke ba jiki rai

Waɗannan su ne nau'in ƙwayoyin halitta da ke ba wa jini launin ja. Ana kuma kiran su da Kwayoyin Jini Masu Ja , ko RBCs a takaice. Babban aikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin halitta shine jigilar iskar oxygen .

• Babban furotin da ake kira Haemoglobin: Akwai wani furotin na musamman da ake kira Haemoglobin a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Wannan shine abin da ke jawo iskar oxygen kamar maganadisu. Idan muka shaƙa ta cikin huhunmu, haemoglobin yana kama iskar oxygen kuma yana ɗaukar ta cikin jiki tare da jini, yana rarraba ta ga kowace ƙwayar halitta. Haka kuma, wannan haemoglobin yana taimakawa wajen ɗaukar wasu daga cikin carbon dioxide da aka saki daga ƙwayoyin halitta zuwa huhu.
• Me yasa kake jin gajiya idan ƙwayoyin jininka jajaye sun yi ƙasa? Shin ka tuna lokacin da likitoci suka ce wani lokacin kana da "ƙarancin jini"? Wannan yawanci yana nufin cewa adadin ƙwayoyin jininka ja ko matakin haemoglobin ya yi ƙasa. Muna kiran wannan yanayin da anemia .Ana kuma kiransa da suna. Idan haka ta faru, ƙwayoyin jiki ba sa samun isasshen iskar oxygen, shi ya sa gajiya, jin rauni, da kuma wahalar numfashi ke faruwa.

Kwayoyin Jini Masu Fari: Masu Tsaron Jikinmu

Ana kiran waɗannan ƙwayoyin halittar White Blood Cells , ko kuma WBCs a takaice. Duk da sunansu na "farare", waɗannan su ne ainihin kariyar jiki. Babban aikinsu shine yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta (kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta) waɗanda ke shiga jiki da kuma kare mu daga cututtuka .

• Nau'o'in ƙwayoyin jinin fari daban-daban: Kwayoyin jinin fari ba duka iri ɗaya ba ne. Akwai nau'ikan su daban-daban (misali neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes). Kamar yadda akwai rukunoni daban-daban a cikin rundunar sojoji, kowane nau'in ƙwayoyin jinin fari yana yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Wasu daga cikinsu suna shaye ƙwayoyin cuta, yayin da wasu ke yin ƙwayoyin rigakafi don lalata su.
• Me ke faruwa idan muka kamu da zazzabi? Idan jikinmu ya yi rashin lafiya, zazzabi ba ya faruwa kawai. Yana nufin cewa fararen jinin da ke cikin jiki sun fara yaƙi. Idan ƙwayar cuta ta shiga, adadin fararen jinin yana ƙaruwa kuma suna yaƙi da wannan ƙwayar cuta. Sakamakon wannan yaƙin, muna fuskantar alamu kamar zazzabi da ciwon jiki.

Platelets: Ƙaramin sihiri da ke sa jini ya gudantse

Waɗannan su ne ƙananan sassan ƙwayoyin halitta na ƙwayoyin jini. Ana kiransu Platelets a Turanci. Babban aikinsu shine taimakawa wajen dakatar da zubar jini idan ya faru . Wato, don taimakawa wajen toshewar jini.

• Ta yaya zubar jini ke tsayawa idan ka samu rauni? Shin ka tuna lokacin da ka sami ƙaramin rauni da kuma ɗan zubar jini, bayan wani lokaci sai ya tsaya da kansa? Waɗannan ƙwayoyin platelets suna taimakawa wajen hakan. Da zarar rauni ya faru, ƙwayoyin platelets suna taruwa a wurin, suna mannewa tare, sannan su fara rufe raunin. A lokaci guda, suna haɗuwa da wani furotin da ake kira fibrinogen a cikin jini, suna samar da raga kamar gudan jini, suna dakatar da zubar jini. Wannan ana kiransa da toshewar jini.
• Me zai faru idan ƙwayoyin platelets suka yi ƙasa? A wasu cututtuka, misali, a cikin yanayi kamar zazzabin dengue, adadin ƙwayoyin platelets na iya zama ƙasa. Idan haka ta faru, yana iya zama da wahala a dakatar da zubar jini ko da daga ƙaramin rauni ne. Shi ya sa likitoci koyaushe ke damuwa game da adadin ƙwayoyin platelets a cikin cututtuka kamar dengue.

Kalli yadda abubuwa masu ban mamaki ke faruwa a cikin jini! Kamar ƙaramin gari ne, inda kowane mutum ke aiki tare don ci gaba da tafiyar da tsarin gaba ɗaya cikin sauƙi.

Masana'antar yin jini a cikin jikinmu: Madaurin Kashi

Yanzu za ka iya mamakin yadda ake samar da irin wannan muhimmin jini a jikinmu. Babban wurin da ake samar da jini shine bargon ƙashi a cikin ƙasusuwanmu.Bargon ƙashi, musamman a cikin manyan ƙasusuwa (misali, kwatangwalo, haƙarƙari), kamar masana'anta ce da ke yin duk waɗannan ƙwayoyin jinin ja, fararen ƙwayoyin jinin, da kuma platelets. Ƙwayoyin halittar ƙashi na musamman da ke cikin wannan bargon ƙashi su ne abin da ke rabawa da haɓaka zuwa waɗannan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin jini daban-daban. Don haka kiyaye lafiyar bargon ƙashi yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga lafiyar jininmu.

Wasu ƙananan abubuwa game da jini

Idan ana maganar jini, akwai wasu abubuwa da ya kamata a sani.

• Ba da gudummawar jini yana ceton rayuka: Shin kun san cewa bayar da gudummawar jini zai iya ceton ran wani? Marasa lafiya suna buƙatar jini a lokacin haɗari, tiyata, da wasu cututtuka. Don haka, abu ne mai kyau ga mutum mai lafiya ya ba da gudummawar jini.
• Domin samun ingantaccen tsarin jini: Domin kiyaye lafiyar jininmu, muna buƙatar cin abinci mai kyau (musamman abinci mai wadataccen ƙarfe, bitamin B12, da folic acid), shan ruwa mai yawa, da kuma motsa jiki. Sannan ƙashin ƙashinmu zai iya yin jini mai kyau kuma jinin zai iya yin aikinsa yadda ya kamata.
• Rukunin Jini: Ba jinin kowa ɗaya bane. Akwai manyan nau'ikan jini guda huɗu: A, B, AB, da O. Akwai kuma Rh mai kyau da Rh mara kyau. Lokacin bayar da jini ga wani, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a duba ko waɗannan nau'ikan jini sun dace.

Mu'amalarmu ta yau da kullum da jini

Muna mu'amala da jini ta hanyoyi daban-daban a rayuwarmu ta yau da kullum.

• Ƙaramin ƙashi, yankewa: Idan aka yanke hannu ko ƙafa, ko kuma lokacin da aka yanke wuka, jini yana fitowa. Sannan za mu iya ganin aikin ƙwayoyin platelets a sarari.
• Zubar da jini a hanci: Wani lokaci ƙananan yara na iya kamuwa da zubar jini a hanci. Yawanci ba wani abu mai tsanani ba ne, amma idan hakan ya faru akai-akai, yana da kyau a nemi shawarar likita.
• Gwajin jini: Idan muka yi rashin lafiya, likita zai yi odar a yi gwajin jini, ko ba haka ba? Wannan samfurin jinin zai iya gaya mana abubuwa da yawa game da yawan ƙwayoyin jininmu na ja, yawan ƙwayoyin jinin fararen jini, yawan ƙwayoyin platelet, matakin haemoglobin, da kuma matakin sukari. Zai iya zama babban taimako wajen gano cutar da kuma magance ta.

Don haka, saƙon ƙarshe na ɗaukar gida shine:

To, mun yi magana sosai game da jini a yau. Ina fatan yanzu kun fahimci menene jini, abin da yake yi wa jikinmu, da kuma abin da jini yake da shi.

Ka tuna:

* Jini yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don ci gaba da rayuwarmu .

* Yana ɗauke da iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin jiki, yana cire sharar gida , kuma yana kare shi daga cututtuka .

* Jini ya ƙunshi wani ɓangare na ruwa da ake kira plasma , kuma akwai nau'ikan ƙwayoyin halitta da ake kira jajayen ƙwayoyin jini , fararen ƙwayoyin jini , da kuma platelets .

* Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan sassan yana da takamaiman aiki mai mahimmanci .

* Kyakkyawan halaye na cin abinci da salon rayuwa suna da mahimmanci don kiyaye lafiyar jininmu.

Abin mamaki ne a yi tunanin cewa kana da irin wannan tsarin jini mai ban mamaki a cikin jikinka, ko ba haka ba? Don haka yana da mahimmanci a san shi kuma a kula da lafiyarmu. Idan kana da wasu tambayoyi ko shakku game da jini, kada ka ji tsoron ganin likita ka yi magana da shi.

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