Kuna iya shan magani don rashin lafiyan jiki, asma, yawan fitsari, ko kuma ciwon motsi. Duk da cewa magungunan da ke cikin kowace cuta sun bambanta, yawancin waɗannan magungunan suna cikin nau'in magunguna iri ɗaya. Wannan shine nau'in magungunan da za mu yi magana a kansu a yau. Ana kiransu anticholinergics. Wataƙila ba ku taɓa jin wannan sunan ba, amma wataƙila kuna shan ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan magunguna.
A taƙaice dai, menene waɗannan magungunan hana cholinergic?
Domin fahimtar wannan, bari mu fara magana game da ɗan kaɗan game da tsarin jijiyoyin jikinmu. Kwayoyin jijiyoyi a jikinmu suna musayar saƙonni da juna, kamar mai aika wasiƙu. Muna kiran sinadarai da ke ɗauke da waɗannan saƙonnin a matsayin masu ba da amsa ga jijiyoyi. Ɗaya daga cikin irin waɗannan saƙonnin shine acetylcholine .
Yana aiki ne musamman a wani ɓangare na Tsarin Jijiyoyin Mu na Kai. Ana kiransa Parasympathetic Nervous System. Duk da cewa sunan yana kama da ɗan rikitarwa, aikinsa yana da sauƙi. Shi ne abin da ke shirya jikinmu don "Hutu da Narkewa." Wannan yana nufin abubuwa kamar kwantar da hankalin bugun zuciyarmu, fitar da miyau da ruwan narkewar abinci, da kuma sarrafa aikin mafitsara.
To, abin da magungunan Anticholinergic ke yi shi ne suna tsoma baki ga aikin wannan manzo mai suna Acetylcholine. Wato, suna toshe shi. Sannan wasu hanyoyin da ke taimaka maka "hutawa da narkewar abinci" sun ragu kaɗan. Wannan yana da matuƙar amfani a gare mu a wasu yanayi na lafiya.
Wadanne irin cututtuka ne ake amfani da waɗannan magungunan?
Akwai magunguna sama da 600 waɗanda ke da tasirin hana cholinergic. Wannan shine babban aikin wasu magunguna. Hakanan yana iya zama illa ga wasu. Bari mu ga menene manyan amfani da waɗannan magunguna.
| Sunan maganin (misali) | Galibi ana amfani da su |
|---|---|
| Atropine | A matsayin maganin bugun zuciya mai jinkirin da ba a saba gani ba (bradycardia) da kuma wasu guba. |
| Benztropine, Trihexyphenidyl | Don magance alamun kamar girgizar ƙasa da cutar Parkinson ke haifarwa. |
| Diphenhydramine | Yana cikin ƙwayoyin cuta da dama da ke haifar da rashin lafiyan jiki da kuma wasu magungunan barci. |
| Ipratropium, Tiotropium | Yana cikin na'urorin numfashi da ake amfani da su wajen magance cututtukan numfashi kamar asma da COPD. |
| Oxybutynin, Solifenacin, Tolterodine | Ana amfani da shi don magance yawan yin fitsari (Urge Incontinence) da kuma matsewar tsokoki na mafitsara. Haka kuma yana zuwa a matsayin man shafawa don yin gumi mai yawa (Hyperhidrosis). |
| Scopolamine | Ana ba da shi ga tashin zuciya da amai da ke faruwa yayin tafiya (motsi sickness). |
| Glycopyrrolate, Vecuronium | Ana amfani da shi don rage yawan yin amai kafin a yi tiyata da kuma gurgunta tsokoki yayin tiyata. |
Bugu da ƙari, wasu magunguna don baƙin ciki, magungunan tabin hankali, da wasu magungunan rashin lafiyan (antihistamines) suma suna iya samun wannan tasirin anticholinergic a matsayin sakamako mai illa.
Menene fa'idodi da illolin wannan nau'in maganin?
Fa'idodi
Waɗannan magunguna suna da amfani da yawa. Wani lokaci suna ceton rai . Misali, idan aka sha guba kamar maganin kwari, ana ba da magani mai suna Atropine a matsayin magani. Wannan maganin yana kuma taimakawa wajen dawo da bugun zuciya idan ya ragu sosai.
Muhimmi:Idan wani ya sha guba, nan take a kai majiyyacin zuwa sashin kula da gaggawa na asibiti mafi kusa (ETU). Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a kira Cibiyar Bayar da Bayanai game da Guba ta Ƙasa da ke Asibitin Ƙasa na Colombo don ƙarin bayani.
A gefe guda kuma, wannan maganin yana taimakawa wajen inganta rayuwarmu. Ka yi tunanin, yaya abin farin ciki ne ga wanda ya saba guje wa tafiya saboda tsoron amai, ya sami damar shan ƙaramin magani ya tafi wannan tafiyar ba tare da wata matsala ba? Hakazalika, wannan maganin yana taimaka wa wanda a da yake jin tsoron zuwa bayan gida akai-akai, don yin rayuwa ta al'ada.
Illolin da ke tattare da hakan
Kamar kowace magani, waɗannan magungunan hana cholinergic na iya haifar da illa. Duk da haka, ba kowa ne ke samun su ba, kuma suna iya bambanta dangane da yawan da ake sha, shekarun mutumin, da sauran yanayin lafiya. Tsofaffi musamman suna fuskantar waɗannan illolin.
Ga wata dabara ta tunawa da waɗannan illolin:
- "Zafi kamar zomo" - Ƙara zafin jiki.
- "Makaho kamar jemage" - Ƙwallon idanun suna faɗaɗa, suna haifar da rashin gani sosai.
- "Busasshe kamar ƙashi" - raguwar samar da yawu da hawaye.
- "Ja kamar gwoza" - Ja na fata.
- "Hauka kamar mai cin amana" - ruɗani, matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa.
| Illolin da aka saba samu | Bayani mai sauƙi |
|---|---|
| Busasshen Baki | Rashin jin daɗi da raguwar yawan fitar da yawu ke haifarwa. |
| Gani Mai Ruɗewa | Wahalar gani kusa saboda girman ɗalibin. |
| Rashin yin fitsari (Tsaftace fitsari) | Wahala wajen fitar da fitsari gaba ɗaya saboda sassauta tsokoki na mafitsara. |
| Maƙarƙashiya | Rage saurin tsarin narkewar abinci. |
| Rikici/Rashin Lafiya | Yana iya faruwa musamman a cikin tsofaffi. |
| Zuciya mai sauri (tachycardia) | Jin ƙaruwar bugun zuciya. |
Yaushe ya kamata in ga likita?
Idan kana amfani da wannan nau'in maganin, tabbatar da yin magana da likitanka a cikin waɗannan yanayi:
- Idan maganin da kake sha bai kawo maka sauƙi da kake so ba.
- Idan kana fuskantar matsala wajen amfani da maganin kamar yadda likita ya rubuta maka.
- Idan illolin maganin suna kawo cikas ga ayyukanka na yau da kullun (misali, idan kana fuskantar wahalar cin abinci saboda bushewar baki, ko kuma idan kana fuskantar wahalar tuki ko karanta littafi saboda rashin gani sosai).
Mafi mahimmanci, kada ka daina shan magani ko canza adadin magani ba tare da fara tuntuɓar likita ba. Yin hakan na iya ƙara ta'azzara yanayinka.
Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da waɗannan magunguna, kada ku ji tsoron tambayar likitan iyali. Zai iya bayyana muku wace magani ce ta fi dacewa da ku, fa'idodinta, da kuma illolinta.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Maganin hana kumburin ciki nau'in magunguna ne da ake amfani da su wajen magance cututtuka daban-daban, ciki har da rashin lafiyan jiki, asma, cutar Parkinson, da matsalolin fitsari.
- Waɗannan suna aiki ne ta hanyar toshe aikin wani sinadari mai suna acetylcholine a cikin tsarin jijiyoyi na jiki.
- Illolin da ke tattare da hakan kamar bushewar baki, rashin gani sosai, maƙarƙashiya, da ruɗani na iya faruwa. Wannan haɗarin yana da yawa musamman ga tsofaffi.
- Kada a daina shan magani ko a canza adadin magani ba tare da shawarar likita ba.
- Idan kana da wata damuwa game da maganinka ko illolinsa, likitanka ne ya fi dacewa ka yi magana da shi.
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