Shin ka san wannan muhimmin jijiyar da ke wuyanka? Bari mu yi magana game da jijiyar Carotid.

Shin ka taɓa yin mamakin yadda ake ji idan ka sanya yatsunka a kowane gefen wuyanka? Waɗannan su ne muhimman jijiyoyin jini guda biyu waɗanda ke bugawa daidai da zuciyarmu, kuma suna ɗauke da rai zuwa kwakwalwarmu, fuska, da wuyanmu. A yau za mu yi magana game da waɗannan ma'aikata biyu marasa magana a jikinmu, wato Carotid Artery. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi magana game da muhimmancin lafiyarsu ga rayuwarmu.

A taƙaice dai, menene jijiyoyin carotid?

Ka yi tunanin jikinmu babban birni ne. Sannan jijiyoyin jini suna kama da hanyoyin da ke cikin wannan birnin. Waɗannan hanyoyin suna ɗauke da iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da ake buƙata zuwa kowane ɓangare na jiki. Ta haka ne, waɗannan jijiyoyin carotid suna kama da manyan hanyoyi guda biyu da ke kaiwa ga kwakwalwa, wanda shine cibiyar kula da jikinmu.

Waɗannan manyan jijiyoyin jini guda biyu suna a kowane gefen wuyanmu, ɗaya a kowane gefe:

• Jijiyar carotid ta hagu
• Jijiyar carotid ta dama

Waɗannan jijiyoyin jini guda biyu suna farawa daga saman ƙirjinmu, suna tafiya zuwa wuyanmu, sannan su rabu zuwa wasu manyan rassan guda biyu, kusan a ƙasan muƙamuƙinmu. Yana kama da harafin Y. Muna kiran wannan ɓangaren da "Ƙarin Carotid".

Waɗannan rassan guda biyu sune:

1. Jijiyoyin Carotid na Ciki: Wannan shine babban ɓangaren babbar hanyar. Yana shiga kai tsaye cikin kwanyar, yana ba da jini ga kwakwalwarmu .

2. Jijiyoyin Carotid na Waje: Wannan reshe yana isar da jini ga sassan da ke wajen kwanyarmu, kamar fuskarmu, wuyanmu, da fatar kanmu .

Jijiyoyin da ke raba ta wannan hanyar suna raba zuwa ƙananan rassan da yawa, suna samar da jini mai wadataccen iskar oxygen ga kowace nama da gabobi a kanmu da wuyanmu.

Ta yaya daidai waɗannan jijiyoyin jini suke aiki?

Babban aikin jijiyoyin carotid shine ɗaukar jini mai tsafta wanda zuciya ke turawa zuwa kwakwalwa da sauran sassan kai ba tare da wani cikas ba. Wannan tafiya dole ne ta kasance mai santsi da sauri.

Amma ka yi tunanin, me zai faru idan shara da shara suka taru a wani wuri a kan wannan babbar hanya suka toshe hanya? Za a sami cunkoson ababen hawa, ko ba haka ba? Haka ake ajiye abubuwa kamar cholesterol a cikin waɗannan jijiyoyin jini (muna kiran wannan `(Plaque)`) kuma idan jijiyoyin suka yi tauri, za a toshe hanyoyin jini. Idan hakan ta faru, yanayi mai tsanani kamar bugun jini na iya faruwa.

Bari mu dubi tsarin halittar jijiyoyin carotid a cikin ɗan bayani.

Wannan ɓangaren yana da ɗan ilimin likitanci, amma bari mu yi ƙoƙarin sauƙaƙa shi. Ba kwa buƙatar tuna duk waɗannan sunayen, amma yana da kyau ku sami ra'ayi mai zurfi game da yadda suke aiki.

Jijiyoyin Carotid na Waje

Yana farawa ne daga inda ya rabu kamar harafin Y kuma ya hau zuwa kunne. Ya rabu zuwa manyan rassan guda 8. Waɗannan rassan suna samar da jini ga tsokoki a fuskarmu, harshe, glandar thyroid, kunnen kunnuwan ku, da fatar kan mu. Idan ka taɓa kuncinka, yana yin ja, kuma idan ka yi aski, yana zubar da jini. Duk wannan yana da alaƙa da rassan da suka fito daga wannan jijiyar carotid ta waje.

Jijiyoyin Carotid na Ciki

Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin reshe. Yana tafiya sama da wuya kuma yana shiga kwanyar ta hanyar wani rami na musamman a gindin kwanyar da ake kira "Magudanar Carotid". Da zarar ya shiga kwanyar, wannan jijiyar tana bin wata hanya mai lanƙwasa da rikitarwa.

A cikin kwanyar, wannan jijiyar tana raba zuwa manyan rassan da dama. Waɗannan suna samar da jini ga babban ɓangaren kwakwalwarmu da idanunmu .

Wadanne cututtuka ne ke shafar waɗannan jijiyoyin jini?

Matsaloli na iya tasowa a waɗannan manyan hanyoyin mota. Idan sun faru, sakamakon zai iya zama mai matuƙar haɗari. Ga wasu daga cikin manyan matsalolin da ake gani.

• Cutar Jijiyoyin Carotid: Wannan kuma ana kiransa da `(Crotid Artery Stenosis)`. `(Stenosis)`` na nufin ``ragewa.`` Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda cholesterol, kitse, da sauran abubuwa suna taruwa a bangon jijiyoyin jini, suna samar da kauri mai siffar `(Plaque).`` Kamar tsatsa da datti suna taruwa a cikin bututun ruwa, suna toshe hanyar da ruwa zai gudana. Muna kiran wannan yanayin `(Atherosclerosis).`` Wannan `(Plaque)`` yana sa jijiyoyin su yi ƙunci, kuma wani lokacin wani yanki nasa na iya karyewa ya toshe wani ƙaramin jijiyoyin jini a kwakwalwa. Ko kuma, gudan jini na iya samuwa a saman wannan `(Plaque)`, wanda zai iya karyewa ya toshe tasoshin kwakwalwa. Wannan babban dalili ne na harin ischemic na ɗan lokaci (TIA) ko bugun jini mai ƙarfi .

• Ciwon Jijiyoyin Carotid Aneurysm: Wannan wani wuri ne mai rauni a bangon jijiya, wanda ke sa shi ya kumbura kamar balan-balan. Dusar jini na iya samuwa a wannan kumburin. Hakanan yana iya girma ya fashe ba zato ba tsammani (farfashewa).

• Ragewar Jijiyoyin Carotid: Wannan tsagewa ce ko fashewa a cikin layin ciki na bangon jijiyoyin jini. Wannan na iya toshe ko toshe kwararar jini gaba ɗaya. Wannan kuma na iya haifar da bugun jini.

• Ciwon Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD): Wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba wanda girman ƙwayoyin halitta a bangon jijiyoyin jini zai iya haifar da raguwar jijiyoyin jini, aneurysms, ko kuma raguwar jini.

Yi hankali sosai game da waɗannan alamun!

Mutane da yawa da ke fama da cutar jijiyoyin jini na carotid ba sa fuskantar wata alama. Alamomin yawanci suna faruwa ne bayan gaggawa, kamar ciwon kai na wucin gadi (TIA) ko bugun jini. Saboda haka, sanin waɗannan alamomin ga kai da iyalinka zai iya taimakawa wajen ceton rai.

Idan ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun ya bayyana, kada ku jinkirta na ɗan lokaci kuma ku kira sabis na motar asibiti ta 1990 (Suvaseriya) ko ku je sashin kula da gaggawa na asibiti mafi kusa (ETU).

• Gefen fuska ɗaya yana sunkuyar da kai ko kuma yana jin kamar ba shi da rai.
• Ragewar kalmomi, rashin iya ƙirƙirar kalmomi, ko kuma rashin yin magana yayin magana .
• Rasa ko rashin gani kwatsam a ido ɗaya ko duka biyun . Yana iya jin kamar wani baƙar labule yana faɗuwa a gaban idanu.
• Jin kasala, rauni, ko rashin jin daɗi a gefe ɗaya na jiki (hannu, ƙafa) .
• Rashin jin daɗi a gefe ɗaya na jiki.

Ta yaya kake duba jijiyoyin carotid ɗinka?

Idan likitanka ya yi zargin cewa akwai matsala a jijiyar carotid ɗinka, abu na farko da zai yi shi ne ya sanya na'urar tantancewa a wuyanka sannan ya saurari sautin jini da ke gudana ta cikinta. Idan jijiyar ta yi ƙanƙanta, za ka iya jin wani irin sautin "whooshing" (carotid bruit) yayin da jini ke gudana.

Kuma, don tabbatar da yanayin, zaku iya komawa zuwa gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Duban dan tayi na Carotid: Gwaji mai sauƙi, mara ciwo wanda ke amfani da raƙuman sauti don duba yadda jini ke gudana a cikin jijiyoyin jini da kuma yadda suke da ƙunci. (Jira, "বির্ভাগন" na Bengali ne. Dole ne in guji hakan. Zan sake maimaitawa: "সাব্দা তার্থানে মালিকা..."). Gwaji mai sauƙi, mara ciwo wanda ke amfani da raƙuman sauti don duba yadda jini ke gudana a cikin jijiyoyin jini da kuma yadda suke da ƙunci.
• CT Scan / CT Angiogram: Samun cikakkun hotuna na jijiyoyin jini ta amfani da X-ray.
• MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiogram - MRA): Samun cikakkun hotuna na jijiyoyin jini ta amfani da filin maganadisu.
• Carotid Angiogram: Gwaji wanda ke amfani da hasken X don ganin toshewar jijiyar a fili ta hanyar allurar wani ruwa na musamman a ciki.

Menene hanyoyin magancewa?

Idan jijiyar carotid ɗinku ta yi ƙunci ko toshewa, akwai magunguna da ake da su. Maganin ya dogara ne akan yadda jijiyar ta yi ƙunci, menene alamunta, da kuma lafiyar jikinku gaba ɗaya.

Jiyya da magani

• Magungunan hana zubar jini: Magunguna kamar aspirin suna rage haɗarin toshewar jini.
• Magungunan hawan jini: Saboda hawan jini yana lalata jijiyoyin jini, yana da mahimmanci a sarrafa shi.
• Magungunan rage yawan sinadarin cholesterol: Magunguna kamar "Statins" suna rage taruwar "plaque" a bangon jijiyoyin jini.

Tiyata da sauran hanyoyi

• Gyaran jijiyoyin jini na Carotid Endarter: Wannan tiyata ce da ke buɗe jijiyoyin jini kuma tana goge plaque ɗin da ya taru a ciki. Wannan yana tsaftace jijiyoyin jini kuma yana dawo da kwararar jini.
• Carotid Angioplasty da Stenting: Wannan hanya ce da ake yi ta hanyar ƙaramin yankewa. Ana ratsa waya mai balan-balan da aka haɗa ta ta cikin yankin jijiyar da ke ƙunshe, sannan a hura balan-balan don faɗaɗa yankin da ke ƙunshe. Sannan, ana saka ƙaramin bututu mai kama da raga (Stent) don hana yankin sake ƙunshewa.

Ta yaya zan iya kiyaye lafiyar jijiyoyin carotid dina?

Akwai abubuwa da yawa da za ku iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar zuciyarku da tsarin jijiyoyinku gaba ɗaya, ba kawai jijiyoyin carotid ɗinku ba.

• A guji shan taba gaba ɗaya.Shan taba shine babban abin da ke lalata jijiyoyin jini. Idan kana buƙatar taimako wajen daina shan taba, ka tambayi likita.
• Ku ci abinci mai kyau ga zuciya. Ku ci abincin Bahar Rum wanda ya haɗa da kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, wake, kifi, da kitse mai lafiya kamar man zaitun. Ku rage cin abinci mai yawan mai, sukari, da gishiri.
• Motsa jiki akai-akai. Yi ƙoƙarin yin motsa jiki na akalla mintuna 30 a rana, kamar tafiya, gudu, ko hawa keke. Tuntuɓi likitanka kafin fara kowane shirin motsa jiki.
• Kiyaye nauyin da ya dace. Kiba babban abin da ke haifar da cututtukan zuciya da kuma toshewar jijiyoyin jini.
• Idan kana da ciwon suga, hawan jini, ko kuma cholesterol , ka bi umarnin likitanka ka kuma kula da su sosai.