Bari mu fahimci ainihin yadda jini ke gudana a jikinmu? (Tsarin Zagayawa)

Sannu! Yaya kake? A yau za mu yi magana game da wani tsari mai ban mamaki da mahimmanci a jikinmu. Wannan shine tsarin jijiyoyin jini, ko kuma kamar yadda wasu ke kira shi, "Tsarin Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyi". Wani lokaci kuma za ka iya jin an kira shi "Tsarin Zuciya". Duk waɗannan sunaye ne na tsarin iri ɗaya. Don haka, bari mu ga menene shi, yadda yake aiki, da kuma yadda za a kiyaye shi lafiya.

Menene tsarin zagayawar jini? A takaice dai...

A taƙaice dai, tsarin zagayawar jini na jikinka ya ƙunshi zuciya da jijiyoyin jini . Tare, waɗannan biyun suna amfani da jini don ɗaukar sinadarai masu gina jiki zuwa kowace ƙwayar halitta a jikinmu da kuma cire sharar da ke cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin.

Ka yi tunanin zuciyarka a matsayin famfon ruwa. Wannan famfon yana fitar da jini ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa mai rikitarwa ta tasoshin jini a cikin jikinka. Waɗannan tasoshin jini ana kiransu jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin jini . Wannan jinin yana ɗauke da iskar oxygen - iskar da ke ba da rai da muke shaƙa - da abubuwan gina jiki zuwa tsokoki, kyallen takarda, da gabobin jiki. Haka kuma tsarin ne wanda ke tattara sharar gida yana kai su ga gabobin inda za a iya kawar da su.

Menene manyan ayyukan wannan tsarin?

Tsarin jijiyoyinmu yana da manyan ayyuka guda uku:

1. Ɗauki jini a ko'ina cikin jiki.

2. Ɗauki iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki zuwa ga gabobinmu, tsokoki, da kyallen jikinmu.

3. Carbon dioxide - iskar gas da ba ta da amfani a jikinmu kuma ana fitar da ita lokacin da muke fitar da iska - ita ce cire sharar gida da kuma sharar sinadarai daga gabobinmu.

Dare da rana, ko da lokacin da kake barci, zuciyarka tana yawan fitar da jini a jikinka, kamar tana tafiya a cikin da'ira. Idan muka bi wannan hanyar jini, yana farawa ne daga zuciya kuma yana tafiya ta cikin manyan jijiyoyin jini da ake kira "Arteries" don rarraba jini ga gabobinmu da kyallen jikinmu.

A cikin kyallen jikinmu, a cikin hanyar sadarwa ta jijiyoyin jini masu kyau da ake kira capillaries , iskar oxygen da ke cikin jini za ta ƙare kuma ana mayar da sharar gida cikin jini. Bayan barin waɗannan kyallen jiki da gabobin jiki, wannan jinin zai koma zuciya ta hanyar jijiyoyin jini da ake kira jijiyoyin jini. Wannan jinin zai ratsa zuciya zuwa huhu, inda zai sake shigar da iskar oxygen, kuma tafiyar za ta fara. Wannan yana faruwa sau dubbai a rana, kowace daƙiƙa da zuciyarka ke bugawa.

Za ka iya tunanin, zuciyarka tana fitar da kimanin galan 2,000 (sama da lita 7,500) na jini a cikin jikinka kowace rana! A irin waɗannan lokutan, idan kana motsa jiki, zuciyarka tana fitar da ƙarin jini. Wannan yana nufin cewa tsarin jijiyoyinmu yana daidaitawa da adadin jini da iskar oxygen da jikinmu ke buƙata.

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan ayyukan tsarin jijiyoyinmu shine ci gaba da samar da jini ga kwakwalwa da zuciya.Domin kuwa, idan kwakwalwa ba ta sami adadin jinin da ake buƙata ba, za ta iya rasa sani cikin 'yan daƙiƙa kaɗan. Idan kwararar jini ta tsaya na tsawon mintuna huɗu, kwakwalwa na iya lalacewa. Haka nan, idan zuciya ba ta sami isasshen jini ba, aikin famfo zai fara lalacewa da sauri.

To, ta yaya wannan jinin yake shiga cikin jiki?

Tsarin jijiyoyinmu, ko kuma "Tsarin Zuciya" yana aiki ne da taimakon jijiyoyin jini. Wasu jijiyoyin jini ("Jinjiyoyi") suna dawo da jini zuwa zuciya, yayin da wasu jijiyoyin jini ("Jinjiyoyi") suna cire jini daga zuciya.

Jijiyoyin jininka, tare da zuciyarka da huhunka, suna ci gaba da fitar da jini a cikin jikinka. Ga yadda yake aiki:

1. Jinin da ba shi da isashshen iskar oxygen yana fitowa daga ventricle na dama na zuciya zuwa huhu. Wannan jinin yana tafiya ta cikin jijiyar huhu (babban jijiyar huhu).

2. Ana ƙara iskar oxygen a cikin wannan jinin a cikin huhu.

3. Jijiyoyin huhu suna ɗaukar wannan jinin mai cike da iskar oxygen daga huhu zuwa atrium na hagu na zuciya.

4. Daga atrium na hagu, ana aika wannan jinin mai cike da iskar oxygen zuwa ventricle na hagu. Wannan ɓangaren tsoka na zuciya yana tura jini zuwa sauran jiki ta hanyar jijiyoyin jini.

5. Yayin da jini ke yawo a cikin jiki da kuma ta cikin gabobin jiki, yana isar da sinadarai masu gina jiki, yana rarraba hormones, kuma yana tattara sharar gida.

6. Sannan jijiyoyin jini suna dawo da jinin da ba shi da iskar oxygen, mai wadataccen carbon dioxide zuwa zuciya. Daga zuciya, ana mayar da jinin zuwa huhu.

7. A cikin huhu, ana fitar da iskar carbon dioxide sannan a ƙara iskar oxygen a cikin jini. Sannan, idan ka fitar da iskar carbon dioxide, za a fitar da ita.

Tsarin ɗaukar iskar oxygen daga huhu zuwa zuciya ana kiransa da zagayawar huhu . Tsarin samar da jini mai iskar oxygen ga dukkan jiki ana kiransa zagayawar jini ta jiki .

Ina wannan tsarin yake?

Zuciyarka tana tsakiyar ƙirjinka. Tana da alaƙa da jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke ɗauke da jini a cikin jikinka.

Menene sassan tsarin zagayawar jini?

Zuciyarka da jijiyoyin jini sune tsarin zagayawar jini. Kowanne daga cikin waɗannan sassan yana da takamaiman aiki don taimakawa wajen motsa jini a cikin jikinka. Wannan shine yadda ƙwayoyinmu ke samun iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da kuma yadda ake cire sharar gida.

Mene ne manyan sassa huɗu na tsarin zagayawar jini?

Manyan sassan tsarin zagayawar jini sune:

• Zuciya: Wannan wani sashe ne da aka yi da tsoka. Yana fitar da jini a ko'ina cikin jiki. Zuciya ita ce kawai sashin da ke cikin tsarin zagayawar jini. Huhunka yana cikin tsarin numfashi.
• Jijiyoyi: Waɗannan siraran bututu ne masu tsoka waɗanda ke ɗauke da jinin oxygen daga zuciya zuwa dukkan sassan jiki. Babban jijiyar da ke jikinmu ita ce jijiyar da ke jikinmu.Jijiyoyin zuciya (stroke artery). Jijiyoyin zuciya (cardiovascular artery) suna fitowa daga aorta, sannan yayin da suke tafiya daga zuciya, sai su yi girma zuwa ƙananan jijiyoyi (arterioles).
• Jijiyoyin Jijiyoyi: Waɗannan jijiyoyin jini suna ɗauke da jinin da ya ɓace daga iskar oxygen zuwa zuciya. Jijiyoyin suna fara fitowa ƙanana (venules) sannan su yi girma yayin da suke kusantar zuciya. Manyan jijiyoyin jini guda biyu (superfier vena cava da inferior vena cava) suna ɗauke da jini zuwa zuciya. Jijiyoyin da ke cikin ƙafafunku suna da bawuloli waɗanda ke hana jini gudana baya.
• Kafafun Jini: Waɗannan jijiyoyin jini suna haɗa ƙananan jijiyoyin jini (arterioles) da jijiyoyin jini (venules). Bangon kafafun suna da sirara sosai, suna ba da damar iskar oxygen, carbon dioxide, abubuwan gina jiki, da sharar gida su ratsa daga jini zuwa ƙwayoyin halitta, kuma daga ƙwayoyin halitta zuwa jini.

Yaya tsarin zagayawar jini yake? Yaya girmansa?

Za ka iya ɗaukar zuciya a matsayin cibiyar da ke fitar da jini ga jiki. Tana da alaƙa da hanyar sadarwa ta jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke yaɗuwa a ko'ina cikin jiki.

Idan ka taɓa ganin bututun ruwa ko bututun najasa a ƙarƙashin hanya, ka san suna da girma. Waɗannan bututun suna yin girma zuwa ƙananan bututu waɗanda ke kawo ruwa zuwa gidaje kuma suna ɗaukar najasa. Hakazalika, tasoshin jini da ke ɗauke da jini zuwa da daga zuciya suna kama da manyan bututun da ke ƙarƙashin hanya. Su ne manyan tasoshin jini a jiki. Yayin da kake ƙaura daga zuciya, waɗannan suna yin girma zuwa ƙananan tasoshin jini waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen rarraba iskar oxygen a cikin jiki da kuma cire sharar gida.

Jijiyoyin jini sun ƙunshi yadudduka na nama mai haɗawa, tsoka, da zare mai laushi. Tsokoki a cikin jijiyoyin jininka suna sarrafa faɗinsu. Wannan kuma yana shafar hawan jininka . Lokacin da jijiyoyin jini suka faɗaɗa, ana kiran wannan "Vasodilation," kuma hawan jini yana raguwa. Lokacin da jijiyoyin jini suka yi ƙunci, ana kiran wannan "Vasoconstriction," kuma hawan jini yana ƙaruwa.

Zuciyarka ta kasance daga tsoka da sauran kyallen jiki. Jini yana ratsawa ta cikin ɗakuna huɗu.

Zuciyarka yawanci tana da girman dunkule-dunku. Amma idan kana da cututtukan zuciya, tana iya zama babba sosai. Jijiyoyin jininka suna yawo a ko'ina cikin jikinka, daga sama zuwa ƙasa. Don haka wannan hanyar sadarwa tana da girma kamar tsayi da faɗi. A gaskiya ma, akwai sama da mil 60,000 na jijiyoyin jini a jikinmu!

Matsakaicin nauyin zuciya yana tsakanin oza 8 zuwa 12, amma wannan na iya bambanta dangane da jinsi, nauyin jiki gaba ɗaya, da kuma cututtuka.

Wadanne cututtuka da matsaloli ne suka fi shafar tsarin jijiyoyin jini?

Matsaloli da yawa da ke shafar sassan tsarin jini suna faruwa ne sakamakon jinkirin kwararar jini a cikin tasoshin jini. Tunda jijiyoyin jininmu suna samar da iskar oxygen ga dukkan jiki, idan wani daga cikin tasoshin jini ya toshe, yana da wuya a isar da wannan iskar oxygen.

Ga wasu matsaloli da suka shafi tsarin zagayawar jini:

• Hawan jini
• Yawan cholesterol
• Arrhythmia (ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya mara kyau)
• Ciwon zuciya
• Matsalar bawul ɗin zuciya
• Rashin ƙarfin zuciya ('Rashin ƙarfin zuciya' - rauni a cikin tsokar zuciyarka)
• Aneurysm na iya faruwa a cikin aorta ko kwakwalwa.
• bugun jini
• Atherosclerosis - tarin plaques a cikin jijiyoyin jini
• Ciwon zuciya
• Cututtukan jijiyoyin jini ( misali, thrombosis na jijiyoyin jini mai zurfi da embolism na huhu)

Sauƙaƙan canje-canje na salon rayuwa da nasihu don kiyaye tsarin jijiyoyin jini cikin koshin lafiya

Akwai abubuwa da yawa da za ku iya yi don kiyaye lafiyar zuciyarku da jijiyoyin jini. Ga kaɗan daga cikinsu:

• Ka yi motsa jiki akai-akai. Ka yi ƙoƙarin yin akalla mintuna 150 a kowane mako.
• Samun barcin da kake buƙata kowace dare.
• Sarrafa hawan jini.
• Sarrafa yawan sinadarin cholesterol.
• Gujewa kayayyakin taba.
• Cin abinci mai gina jiki ga zuciya. Misali, abinci mai yawan fiber da ƙarancin kitse mai yawa.
• Kula da lafiyayyen nauyi a gare ku.
• Kula da matakan sukari na jini na yau da kullun.
• Nemo hanyoyin lafiya don rage damuwa.

Shin labarin jinin ja da jini shuɗi gaskiya ne? Shin jijiyoyin jini koyaushe suna ɗauke da jinin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen?

Wasu mutane suna tunanin cewa jinin shuɗi yana gudana ta cikin jijiyoyin jini a wasu sassan jikinmu. Amma a zahiri, kowace digo ta jininmu ja ce. Jinin yana samun launin ja ne daga furotin mai yawan ƙarfe da ake kira haemoglobin . Ana samun wannan a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin ja. Wasu mutane suna kiran jinin da ke da wadataccen iskar oxygen "jan jini."

Jijiyoyin jikinka suna ɗauke da jini wanda ke da ƙarancin iskar oxygen. Wannan wani lokacin ana kiransa "jini mai shuɗi" saboda jijiyoyinka na iya yin shuɗi a ƙarƙashin fatar jikinka. Amma jinin a zahiri ja ne. Jijiyoyin jikinka suna da shuɗi mai duhu saboda ƙarancin iskar oxygen.

Jijiyoyi suna ɗauke da jini mai iskar oxygen. Duk da haka, akwai wasu abubuwa guda biyu banda: jijiyar huhu da kuma jijiyar huhu. jijiyar huhu tana ɗaukar jinin da ya ɓace daga iskar oxygen zuwa huhu. JIJJAR huhu tana ɗaukar jinin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen zuwa zuciya.

A ƙarshe, abin da za a tuna! (Saƙon Ɗauka Gida)

Tsarin jijiyoyin jininka tsari ne mai ban mamaki wanda ke yin aiki mai mahimmanci don kiyaye ka da rai, yana samar da iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki akai-akai. Kana da ikon kiyaye zuciyarka da jijiyoyin jininka da ƙarfi.Daina shan taba, cin abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki, da kuma daidaita hawan jini da matakan cholesterol duk suna da kyau ga tsarin jijiyoyin jini. Tambayi likitanka game da abin da za ka iya yi don karewa da ƙarfafa zuciyarka da jijiyoyin jini. Ka kasance cikin koshin lafiya!

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