"Ban sani ba ko ina fama da ciwon suga..." Shin ka taɓa jin wannan tsoro ko tambaya? Abu ne na al'ada a ji haka idan kana jin abubuwa kamar yawan fitsari, ƙishirwa mai yawa, da rage kiba ba tare da wani dalili ba. Amma kada ka ji tsoro. Kafin ka fara tunanin wata cuta a zuciyarka kawai saboda wani ya faɗi wani abu, bari mu yi magana game da yadda za a tabbatar da yanayin ciwon suga ta hanyar likita. Wannan zai ba ka fahimta sosai.
HbA1c converter
Convert HbA1c values to normal blood sugar levels
Wadanne manyan gwaje-gwaje ne ake amfani da su don gano ciwon suga?
A taƙaice dai, ciwon suga yanayi ne da matakin sukari (glucose) a cikin jininmu ya fi yadda aka saba. Don haka, ana yin gwaje-gwajen jini da dama don duba ko kuna da wannan ko a'a. Wani lokaci likitanku ba zai gamsu da gwaji ɗaya kawai ba kuma yana iya son yin wani gwaji don tabbatarwa. Bari mu ga menene waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.
1. Gwajin Glucose na Jini na Azumi (FPG)
Wannan ita ce jarabawar da aka fi yi. Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, wannan yana buƙatar ka yi azumi na akalla awanni 8 kafin ka ɗauki jinin. Babu laifi ka sha ruwa kaɗan. Wannan jarabawar yawanci ana yin ta ne bayan cin abincin dare da kuma washegari da safe. Sakamakon yana da sauƙin fassarawa.
2. Gwajin Jure Glucose na Baki (OGTT)
Wannan gwajin ya ɗan fi FPG sauƙi, ma'ana yana iya gano ko da waɗanda suka kamu da ciwon suga kafin su fara. Amma yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kaɗan kafin a yi shi.
Ga abin da ke faruwa:
- Da farko, za ku yi azumi na akalla awanni 8 sannan ku ba da samfurin jini (kamar yadda aka yi da FPG).
- Sannan, za a ba ku ruwa na musamman tare da gram 75 na glucose da aka narkar a cikin ruwa don sha.
- Awa 2 daidai bayan shan sa, za a sake ɗaukar wani jinin.
Ana yanke shawara ne ta hanyar duba matakan sukari a cikin waɗannan samfuran jini guda biyu. Ana kuma amfani da wannan gwajin OGTT don gano ciwon suga na lokacin daukar ciki. Duk da haka, ya ƙunshi shan jini sau da yawa a cikin sa'o'i da yawa.
3. Gwajin Glucose na Jini da Bazuwar
Wannan gwajin ba shi da wani muhimmanci ko kana azumi ko cin abinci. Ana ɗaukar samfurin jini a kowane lokaci na rana don duba matakan sukari a cikin jininka. Duk da haka, wannan gwajin kaɗai bai tabbatar da ciwon suga ba. Idan mutumin da ke da alamun ciwon suga a bayyane (kamar yawan fitsari, ƙishirwa mai yawa) yana da matakin sukari mai yawa a cikin wannan gwajin, likita zai yi odar gwajin FPG ko OGTT don tabbatar da ganewar cutar.
4. Matsakaicin gwaji na watanni 3 (Hemoglobin A1c - HbA1c)
Wannan gwaji ne mai matuƙar muhimmanci. Ba ya auna sukarin jininka a lokaci guda. Yana nuna matsakaicin yadda aka sarrafa sukarin jininka cikin watanni 2-3 da suka gabata.Wannan shine abin da za ku samu. Ba kwa buƙatar yin azumi don wannan. Kuna iya yin sa a kowane lokaci na rana. Wannan yana da matukar amfani don gano ciwon suga, da kuma sa ido kan yadda mutum ke sarrafa ciwon suga.
Abu mafi mahimmanci shine kada a dogara kawai akan sakamakon ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen, amma a yi magana da likitanka game da shi kuma a bi shawararsa.
Yaya za a fahimci sakamakon gwajin?
To, yanzu bari mu ga ma'anar ƙimar waɗannan gwaje-gwajen. Za ku iya fahimtar da kanku ta hanyar duba waɗannan tebura.
| Gano ciwon suga da kuma ciwon suga kafin a fara kamuwa da shi | |
|---|---|
| Sunan gwajin | Sakamako (mg/dL ko %) |
| Matsayi mai lafiya (na al'ada) | |
| HbA1c | Kasa da kashi 5.7% |
| Glucose na Jini na Azumi (FPG) | Ƙasa da 100 mg/dL |
| Gwajin Jurewar Glucose ta Baki (OGTT) - Bayan awanni 2 | Ƙasa da 140 mg/dL |
| Prediabetes - wani abu mai haɗari | |
| HbA1c | Tsakanin 5.7% da 6.4% |
| Glucose na Jini na Azumi (FPG) | Tsakanin 100 mg/dL da 125 mg/dL |
| Gwajin Jurewar Glucose ta Baki (OGTT) - Bayan awanni 2 | Tsakanin 140 mg/dL da 199 mg/dL |
| An gano yana da ciwon suga* | |
| HbA1c | 6.5% ko fiye |
| Glucose na Jini Mai Azumi (FPG) | 126 mg/dL ko sama da haka |
| Gwajin Jurewar Glucose ta Baki (OGTT) - Bayan awanni 2 | 200 mg/dL ko sama da haka |
| Glucose na jini bazuwar + Alamomin | 200 mg/dL ko sama da haka |
*Lura: Yawanci, idan aka sami babban ƙima a cikin gwaji ɗaya, likita zai tabbatar da hakan ta hanyar yin wani gwaji a wata rana.
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Check Availability →Ta yaya za ku san ko wannan ciwon suga ne na Type 1?
Yawancin mutane suna da ciwon suga na nau'in 2. Amma wasu mutane, musamman matasa da yara, na iya kamuwa da ciwon suga na nau'in 1. Dalilan da ke haifar da waɗannan nau'ikan guda biyu sun bambanta. Don haka, bayan an gano kana da ciwon suga na nau'in 1, likitanka zai iya yin odar wasu gwaje-gwaje na musamman.
- Gwajin Kariya daga Cututtukan Kai: A cikin ciwon suga na nau'in 1, tsarin garkuwar jikinmu yana kai hari ga ƙwayoyin da ke cikin pancreas waɗanda ke samar da insulin. Wannan gwajin yana neman ƙwayoyin rigakafi ('autoantibodies') a cikin jini waɗanda ke kai hari ga wannan.
- Gwajin C-peptide: Wannan yana auna adadin insulin da pancreas ɗinmu ke samarwa. A cikin Nau'in 1, samar da insulin yana da ƙasa sosai ko kuma ya tsaya gaba ɗaya.
- Gwajin Ketones na Fitsari:Idan aka rasa insulin, jiki ba zai iya amfani da sukari don makamashi ba. Sannan jiki yana ƙona kitse don makamashi. A lokacin wannan tsari, ana samar da sinadarai masu suna 'Ketones'. Duba waɗannan a cikin fitsari na iya taimakawa wajen gano 'Ciwon Suga Nau'i na 1'.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Ciwon suga ba cuta ce da za a ji tsoro ko kuma a yi tunaninta ba. Akwai gwaje-gwajen likita masu kyau da za su iya tabbatar da hakan tabbas.
- "Cutar ciwon suga" alama ce ta gargaɗi. Idan ka yi canje-canje a salon rayuwarka (abinci, motsa jiki) a wannan lokacin, za ka iya hana ko jinkirta ci gaban ciwon suga gaba ɗaya.
- Idan kana da alamun ciwon suga, kada ka yi watsi da su ka kuma nemi likita.
- Kada ka damu idan wani gwaji ya nuna ƙimar da ta fi ta. Likitanka zai sake yin wani gwaji don tabbatar da hakan.
- Idan an gano kana da ciwon suga, ba ƙarshen rayuwarka ba ne. Dama ce ta yin tunani game da lafiyarka ta wata hanya daban da kuma sarrafa ta da kyau. Ta hanyar bin shawarwarin likita da suka dace, za ka iya rayuwa mai kyau.
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