Yawancinmu muna jin tsoro kaɗan idan muka ji kalmar cholesterol, ko ba haka ba? Amma wataƙila kun san cewa akwai nau'ikan cholesterol guda biyu: 'mai kyau' da 'mara kyau'. Duk muna tunanin cewa wannan 'mai kyau cholesterol', wato, nau'in da ake kira HDL, yana da kyau ga jikinmu komai girmansa. Amma shin haka lamarin yake? A yau muna magana ne game da gaskiyar cewa yawan wannan cholesterol mai kyau wani lokacin yana iya zama matsala.
Me yasa muke kiran HDL 'cholesterol mai kyau'?
A taƙaice dai, cholesterol wani sinadari ne mai kakin zuma da ake samu a cikin jininmu. Akwai manyan nau'ikansa guda biyu.
1. LDL (Lipoprotein Mai Ƙanƙantar Yawan Kitse): Wannan shine cholesterol 'mara kyau' . Idan ya taru, yana iya taruwa a cikin jijiyoyin jininmu, yana toshe su, kuma bayan lokaci, yana iya haifar da cututtuka masu tsanani kamar bugun zuciya da bugun jini.
2. HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Wannan shine mai magana da mu, wato cholesterol mai kyau . Babban aikin HDL shine ɗaukar mummunan cholesterol (LDL) daga ko'ina cikin jiki sannan a kai shi hanta. Hanta tana wargaza shi ta kuma cire shi daga jiki a matsayin sharar gida.
Ka yi tunanin jijiyoyin jininmu a matsayin tsarin bututun da ke ɗauke da ruwa. LDL kamar datti ne da ke makale a cikin waɗannan bututun. Sannan HDL kamar mutumin da ke cire wannan dattin ya kuma tsaftace bututun. Shi ya sa muke kiran HDL 'mai kyau' cholesterol. Idan ka je wurin likita aka duba cholesterol ɗinka aka kuma yi rahoton 'Lipid Panel' (wasu mutane kuma suna kiransa 'Lipid Profile'), ana nuna matakan LDL da HDL a ciki.
Yawanci ana la'akari da matakan lafiya:
- Ga maza: matakin HDL ya fi 40 mg/dL.
- Ga mata: matakin HDL ya fi 50 mg/dL.
An ce kiyaye waɗannan matakan na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da bugun jini.
Shin da gaske yana da haɗari a sami yawan sinadarin cholesterol mai kyau?
Za ka iya tunanin, "Yawancin abu mai kyau yana da kyau." Amma idan ana maganar cholesterol na HDL, labarin ya ɗan yi rikitarwa. Sabon bincike ya gano cewa samun matakan HDL masu yawa ba zai iya samar da kariya da ake tsammani ba. A wasu lokuta, wannan cholesterol mai kyau na iya fara yin hali kamar cholesterol mara kyau, yana ƙara haɗarin cututtukan zuciya.
Abin mamaki, wasu bincike sun nuna cewa mutanen da ke da matakan HDL da suka fi 60 mg/dL na iya samun haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon zuciya ko mutuwa daga cututtukan zuciya da kashi 50% fiye da waɗanda ke da matakan HDL tsakanin 41-60 mg/dL.
Wani bincike ya gano cewa mutanen da ke da yawan HDL (sama da 80 mg/dL a cikin maza da sama da 100 mg/dL a cikin mata) suna da haɗarin mutuwa. Haka kuma, an gano cewa a cikin tsofaffi, matakan HDL sama da 80 mg/dL sun ƙara haɗarin cutar hauka da kashi 27%.
To me yasa hakan ke faruwa?
Duk da cewa dalilin hakan bai bayyana ba 100%, masu bincike suna da wasu ra'ayoyi. Lokacin da jikinmu ke cikin yanayin kumburi, waɗannan ƙwayoyin HDL na iya canza aikinsu. Maimakon cire mummunan cholesterol (LDL), suna taimakawa wajen rage aikin. Wannan na iya haifar da ƙaruwar tarin LDL (plaques) a cikin jijiyoyin jini, wanda zai iya ƙara haɗarin bugun zuciya da bugun jini.
Mene ne dalilan da ke haifar da yawan matakan HDL?
Akwai dalilai da dama da yasa matakan HDL zasu iya kaiwa sama da 60 mg/dL. Wasu daga cikinsu suna cikin ikonmu, yayin da wasu kuma ba za mu iya sarrafa su ba.
1. Tasirin kwayoyin halitta (Kwayoyin halittarka)
Wasu mutane ana haihuwarsu da kwayoyin halitta na iya samun yawan matakan HDL. Duk da cewa wannan wani lokacin yana iya samar da kariya daga cututtukan zuciya, wasu maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta (kamar kwayar halittar 'SCARB1') na iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya ta hanyar haifar da waɗannan matakan HDL masu yawa. Idan wani a cikin iyalinka, kamar mahaifiyarka, mahaifinka, ko 'yan'uwanka, yana da cututtukan zuciya kuma matakan HDL ɗinka suma suna da yawa, yana da mahimmanci ka gaya wa likitanka.
2. Abincin da kake ci
Abinci mai yawan kitse mara kitse, kamar kifi, goro kamar cashew, da kayan lambu kore, na iya taimakawa wajen ƙara yawan HDL. Duk da haka, abinci mai yawan kitse mai yawa na iya ƙara yawan cholesterol mara kyau (LDL) da cholesterol mai kyau (HDL) ba tare da wata matsala ba .
Wasu abinci masu yawan kitse mai yawa:
- Naman ja
- Kirim da kiwo mai cikakken kitse
- Man shanu, Cuku
- Kayayyakin yin burodi kamar kek da biskit
- Abincin soyayye
3. Shan barasa fiye da kima
Shan barasa na iya ƙara yawan matakan HDL. A matsakaici , wani lokacin yana da amfani. Duk da haka, shan fiye da abin sha biyu a rana na iya ƙara yawan matakan HDL zuwa matakan da ba su da kyau kuma yana ƙara yawan matakan LDL. Wannan na iya ƙara haɗarin hawan jini, bugun jini, da cututtukan zuciya.
4. Wasu magunguna
Wasu magunguna da kuke sha suma na iya ƙara matakan HDL ɗinku.
- Magungunan rage cholesterol (maganin statin)
- Magungunan hana haihuwa
- Maganin maye gurbin hormone don menopause
- Magunguna don cututtuka kamar farfadiya (seizures)
- Nau'ikan steroids (Corticosteroids)
- Insulin
5. Cirewar Haihuwa
Bayan daina al'ada, matakan estrogen na mata suna raguwa. Wannan hormone yana taimakawa wajen ƙara yawan matakan HDL da kuma kare zuciya. Idan matakan estrogen suka ragu, matakan HDL na iya kasancewa iri ɗaya, amma halayen kariya na iya raguwa.
6. Matsalolin Thyroid
Rashin isasshen sinadarin thyroid zai iya haifar da ƙaruwar matakan cholesterol na LDL da HDL.
Yaya ake magance manyan matakan HDL?
To, yanzu wataƙila kana tunanin, "To, idan matakin HDL dina ma ya yi yawa fa?" Kada ka damu. Idan ba ka da wasu alamu ko abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan zuciya, ƙila ba za ka buƙaci wani magani na musamman don yawan matakan HDL ba.
Likitanka zai fara tantance musabbabin yawan sinadarin cholesterol dinka. Sai bayan haka ne zai yanke shawara ko magani ya zama dole. Yawanci, lokacin da ake maganin cholesterol, babban burin shine rage yawan sinadarin cholesterol dinka (LDL).
Babu takamaiman magunguna da aka amince da su don rage matakan HDL. Duk da haka, zaku iya taimakawa wajen sarrafa matakan HDL ɗinku ta hanyar rage shan barasa da kuma ɗaukar abincin da ba shi da kitse .
Abu mafi mahimmanci shine ka yi magana da likitanka game da matakan cholesterol ɗinka. Zai ba ka shawara kan sau nawa ya kamata a duba cholesterol ɗinka, bisa ga abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar.
Sau nawa ya kamata a duba cholesterol ɗin ku?
Wannan ya danganta da shekarunka, yanayin lafiyarka, da kuma tarihin lafiyar iyalinka. Shawarwari na gaba ɗaya suna cikin teburin da ke ƙasa.
| Rukunin shekaru da rukuni | Lokacin da za a auna cholesterol |
|---|---|
| Duk wanda ya wuce shekaru 65 | Sau ɗaya a shekara |
| Maza tsakanin shekaru 45-65 | Kowace shekara 1-2 |
| Mata masu shekaru 55-65 | Kowace shekara 1-2 |
| Matasan manya | Kowace shekara 5 |
| Yara masu tarihin cututtukan zuciya na iyali | Za a iya fara tantancewa tun yana ɗan shekara 2. Yawanci ana yin tantancewa tsakanin shekaru 9-11. |
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- 'Kyakkyawan cholesterol' (HDL) gabaɗaya yana da kyau ga zuciya domin yana taimakawa wajen cire 'mummunan cholesterol' (LDL) da ba a so daga jiki.
- Duk da haka, yawan matakan HDL (misali, sama da 80 mg/dL) ba koyaushe suke da kyau ba. A wasu lokuta, yana iya ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya.
- Kwayoyin halittar jini, abinci, barasa, wasu magunguna, da sauran cututtuka na lafiya duk suna iya haifar da ƙaruwar matakan HDL ɗinku.
- Kada ka damu da yawan sinadarin cholesterol dinka, ka yi magana da likitanka don neman shawara mai kyau. Shi ko ita za su samar maka da mafi kyawun mafita ga lafiyarka.
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