Kariyar jikinmu: Bari mu ƙara koyo game da fata, gashi, da farce (Integumentary System)

Shin ka taɓa kallon madubi ka yi tunani, "Kai, waɗannan su ne abubuwan da ke sa ni cikakke"? Duk muna tunanin kamanninmu. Amma ka san cewa fatarka, gashinka, da farcenka ba wai kawai kyawawan abubuwa ba ne; tsarin kariya ne mai ban mamaki wanda ke kare dukkan jikinmu? A fannin magani, muna kiran wannan tsarin gaba ɗaya 'Tsarin Integumentary'. A taƙaice dai, wannan shine rufin jikinmu mafi kariya. Bari mu yi magana game da wannan a sauƙaƙe kuma cikin ladabi a yau.

Menene Tsarin Integumentary?

Abu ne mai sauƙi. Wannan tsarin shine mafi girman sashin jikinka. Wato, fatarka, farce, gashinka , da kuma nau'ikan gland da jijiyoyi daban-daban a fatarka duk suna haɗuwa don samar da wannan tsarin.

Ka yi tunaninsa kamar sulke a jikinmu. Yana kare mu daga ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtuka, raunuka, da kuma haskoki masu cutarwa daga rana. Hakanan yana taimakawa wajen daidaita zafin jikinmu kuma yana ba mu damar jin abubuwa kamar zafi da sanyi.

Da me aka yi wannan tsarin tsaro?

Bari mu kalli manyan sassan wannan tsarin daban. Kamar injin, tayoyi, da jikin abin hawa, wannan tsarin yana da sassa masu mahimmanci da dama.

1. Fata - Babbar gaɓar jiki a jikinmu

Shin ka san cewa fatar jikinka ita ce babbar gaɓɓai kuma mafi nauyi a jikinka? A matsakaici, fata tana da nauyin kusan fam 6. Haka kuma tana da siriri sosai a wurare masu laushi kamar fatar ido, amma tana da kauri a wuraren da ake amfani da su sosai, kamar tafin ƙafafunmu. Ka yi tunanin, akwai kimanin ƙwayoyin halitta miliyan 19 a cikin inci ɗaya kawai na fatar jikinka!

Fatar jikinmu ta ƙunshi manyan yadudduka guda uku.

2. Kusoshi - masu kare yatsun hannunmu

Ana amfani da ƙusa don kare ƙarshen yatsunmu da yatsunmu. Ka yi tunani, ta yaya yatsunmu za su ji rauni cikin sauƙi ba tare da su ba? Akwai wasu manyan sassa na ƙusa.

• Farantin farce: Sashen tauri na farce da muke iya gani.
• Gadon farce: Fatar da ke ƙarƙashin farantin farce.
• Cuticle: Siraran fata a ƙasan ƙusa.
• Matrix: Sashen "tushen" na ƙusa. Wannan shine ɓangaren da ke da alhakin girma ƙusa.
• Lunula: Farin sashi mai siffar wata a ƙasan ƙusa.

3. Gashi - Wani abu fiye da kyau

Gashi ba wai kawai don kyau bane. Gashin kanmu yana rage asarar zafi a jiki. Gira da gashin ido suna kare idanunmu daga ƙura da ruwa.

Gashinmu ya ƙunshi furotin da ake kira keratin . Akwai manyan sassa uku na gashin da ke da alhakin gashi:

• Shaft na gashi: Sashen da muke gani, taɓawa, da kuma salo.
• Tsarin gashin gashi: Tsarin da ke kama da bututu wanda ke riƙe gashin a cikin fata.
• Kwandon Gashi: Wannan ɓangaren, wanda yake ƙarƙashin fata, shine ke da alhakin girman gashi.

4. Gland - aiki daga ciki zuwa waje

Fatar mu tana da glandar da ke cikinta. Waɗannan suna fitar da abubuwa kamar ruwa, gishiri, da mai a saman fata.

• Glandan gumi (Sudoriferous glands): Waɗannan su ne glandon da ke fitar da gumi.
• Sebaceous glands: Waɗannan suna samar da mai a fata, ko kuma sebum .
• Ƙwayoyin Ceruminous: Waɗannan ƙwayoyin da ke cikin kunne suna fitar da kakin kunne.
• Glandan nono: Waɗannan galandan suna samar da madara bayan mata sun haifi 'ya'ya.

Wane irin hidima wannan tsarin ke yi wa jikinmu?

Abin mamaki ne abin da wannan tsarin yake yi wa jikinmu. Yana kama da layin farko na kariya daga jikinmu.

• Yana kare mu daga ƙwayoyin cuta kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Yana taimakawa wajen warkar da raunuka kamar raunuka da raunuka .
• Yana kare jiki daga wasu hare-hare kuma yana hana kamuwa da cututtuka .
• Yana kare mu daga haskoki masu cutarwa na UV daga rana.
• Yana taimakawa wajen cire sharar gida kamar gumi da mai daga jiki.
• Jikinmu yana sarrafa zafin jiki .
• Yana sa ka ji kamar zafi da sanyi.
• Yana taimakawa jiki wajen samar da sinadarin bitamin D mai mahimmanci.

Cututtukan da ka iya alaƙa da wannan tsarin

Abu na musamman game da wannan tsarin shine muna iya ganin cututtuka da yawa da suka shafi shi da idanunmu. Ba kamar cututtukan gabobin ciki ba, muna iya ganin matsaloli cikin sauƙi a fata, gashi, da farce. Idan ka lura da wani abu makamancin haka, mafi kyawun abin da za ka yi shi ne ka ga likita ka nemi shawara.

Matsalolin fata masu yiwuwa

• Rashin lafiyan jiki: Ciwon fata wanda ke faruwa idan ka taɓa wani abu.
• Kurajen fuska: Kurajen fuska da ke faruwa sakamakon matsi ko ƙonewa.
• Ciwon daji na fata: Ciwon daji na fata kamar melanoma.
• Cututtuka: Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar su cellulitis.
• Cututtukan fata: Yanayi kamar kuraje, eczema, da psoriasis.
• Raunuka da ƙonewa: har da ƙonewar rana.

Yanayi da ke shafar gashin gashi

• Asarar gashi: Wannan na iya zama na ɗan lokaci ko na dindindin.
• Alopecia areata: Asarar gashi a wurare daban-daban.
• Alopecia na Androgenic: Gadowar gashi.
• Telogen effluvium: Yawan zubar gashi bayan watanni da dama saboda damuwa ko canjin hormonal.
• Dandruff: Barewar fatar kai.
• Kwarkwata.
• Hirsutism: Yawan girman gashi a jiki ga mata.

Matsalolin da ka iya tasowa a farce

• Naman ƙusa (Onychomycosis): Cutar fungal da ke sa farce su yi rawaya, su yi kauri, su kuma ruɓe.
• Onycholysis: Raba ƙusa da gadon ƙusa.
• Paronychia: Kumburi da kamuwa da cuta a fatar da ke kewaye da ƙusa.