Shin ka san wanda ke kare kwakwalwarka da kashin baya? Bari mu yi magana game da meninges!

Shin kun taɓa tunanin yadda kwakwalwarmu da kashin baya suke da rauni da mahimmanci? Waɗannan su ne cibiyoyin kula da dukkan jikinmu. Idan ba mu yi hankali ba, ko da ƙaramin haɗari na iya haifar da babbar illa. Abin farin ciki, jikinmu yana da tsarin kariya mai kyau don kare waɗannan gabobi biyu mafi mahimmanci. Wannan mai kariya shine meninges da muke magana a kai a yau. A taƙaice, waɗannan su ne layuka uku na membranes masu kariya waɗanda ke kewaye da tsarin jijiyoyinmu na tsakiya (CNS).

Menene meninges? Menene waɗannan layuka uku?

Kamar yadda albasa ke da fata, haka nan kuma meninges ɗin suna da layuka uku. Kowanne layi yana da takamaiman aiki. Bari mu ga menene su:

1. Dura Mater: Wannan shine mafi kauri da ƙarfi a cikin kwakwalwa . Yana kama da wani abu mai tauri da ke rufe kwakwalwarmu da kashin baya. Kalmar Latin "dura mater" tana nufin "uwa mai tauri." Haka yake da kariya. Yana nan kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin kwanyarmu da kashin baya. Babban aikinsa shine riƙe kwakwalwa da kashin baya sosai da kuma hana su lalacewa.

2. Arachnoid Mater: Wannan shine tsakiyar Layer . Ya fi siririn dura mater. "Arachnoid" yana nufin "gizo-gizo." An samo sunansa ne saboda ƙananan zare waɗanda ke haɗa wannan Layer da pia mater da ke ƙasa suna kama da ƙafafun gizo-gizo. Wannan Layer ba shi da jijiyoyin jini ko jijiyoyi.

3. Pia Mater: Wannan shine mafi girman Layer na ciki, mafi siririn Layer wanda aka haɗa shi da kwakwalwa da kashin baya . Kamar takardar cellophane, yana cikin kowace ƙwanƙoli da naɗewar kwakwalwa. Yawancin jijiyoyin jini da ke samar da jini ga kyallen kwakwalwa suna wucewa ta wannan Layer.

Musamman ma, an san mater na arachnoid da mater na pia a matsayin leptomeninges .

Menene sarari tsakanin yadudduka na meninges?

Akwai muhimman wurare guda uku tsakanin waɗannan layukan membrane guda uku. Waɗannan ba kawai wurare ne marasa komai ba, har ma suna da ayyuka na musamman.

• Sararin Epidural: Wannan yana tsakanin kwanyarka da mater dura. Hakanan shine sarari tsakanin kashin baya da mater dura. Wataƙila kun ji cewa ana ba da "epidural" don wasu tiyata ko don rage radadi yayin haihuwa. Ana allurar maganin sa barci da maganin sa barci a cikin wannan sararin epidural. Layin kashin baya yana ƙarewa a tsakiyar kashin baya, tsakanin kashin baya na farko da na biyu na lumbar. Bayan haka, akwai ruwan cerebrospinal kawai. Hunƙun lumbarƊaya, ko kuma kamar yadda muke cewa, "ɗauko ruwa daga baya," shine gwajin da ake yi daga wannan wurin.

• Sararin Ƙasa: Wannan yana tsakanin mater dura da mater arachnoid. A cikin yanayi na yau da kullun, wannan ba ainihin "sarari" bane. Duk da haka, idan akwai mummunan buguwa a kai da zubar jini a cikin kwakwalwa, kamar zubar jini a kwakwalwa, ko kuma saboda wata cuta ta lafiya, wannan sarari zai iya buɗewa.

• Sararin Samaniya: Wannan yana tsakanin mater arachnoid da mater pia. Wannan sarari yana cike da ruwan cerebrospinal (CSF) . Wannan ruwa da ake kira CSF yana da matukar muhimmanci. Yana kare kwakwalwarmu da kashin baya daga girgiza iri-iri, kamar matashin kai. Haka kuma, wannan CSF yana taimakawa wajen samar da sinadarai masu gina jiki da kuma cire sharar gida.

Mene ne manyan ayyukan meninges?

Yanzu kun fahimci muhimmancin waɗannan membranes da ake kira meninges. Bari mu dubi manyan ayyukansu:

• Kare Tsarin Jijiyoyi na Tsakiya (CNS): Idan aka samu rauni ko haɗari a kai, abu mafi mahimmanci shine a kare kwakwalwa da kashin baya ta hanyar yin aiki a matsayin mai ɗaukar girgiza , maimakon aika girgiza kai tsaye zuwa kwakwalwa.
• Daidaita tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya: Waɗannan membranes suna taimakawa wajen kiyaye kwakwalwa da kashin baya su daidaita a cikin kwanyar da kashin baya, suna hana su motsawa.
• Tallafi ga jijiyoyin jini, jijiyoyi, da tsarin lymphatic: Meninges suna taimakawa wajen tallafawa da tallafawa jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke samar da jini ga kwakwalwa da kashin baya (misali , jijiyar tsakiya ta Meningeal) , jijiyoyi (misali, jijiyar Trigeminal , jijiyar Vagus ), da kuma tsarin lymphatic (tsarin da ke cire sharar gida). Hakanan suna da mahimmanci don kwararar ruwan cerebrospinal (CSF).

Halaye na musamman na kowane Layer na meningeal

Bari mu duba waɗannan matakai uku dalla-dalla.

Karin bayani game da Dura Mater

Kamar yadda muka fada a baya, wannan shine membrane mafi waje, mai kauri, kuma mafi ƙarfi. An yi shi da yadudduka biyu na nama mai haɗin kai. An haɗa gefe ɗaya da kwanyar kai, ɗayan kuma an haɗa shi da mater arachnoid.

Wannan dura mater yana da tsarin jijiyoyin jini na musamman da ake kira dural venous sinuses . Waɗannan su ne waɗanda ke fitar da jini mai datti daga kwakwalwa sannan su mayar da CSF da aka yi amfani da shi zuwa tsarin zagayawar jini.

Mater na dura yana karɓar jininsa galibi daga jijiyar tsakiyar jijiya ta Meningeal . Jijiya ta trigeminal, wacce take da mahimmanci ga jin daɗin fuska da taunawa, ita ma tana ratsa ta.

Wani abu na musamman game da mater na dura shi ne cewa yana naɗewa a ciki, yana samar da membrane guda huɗu da ake kira dural reflections . Waɗannan kamar ƙananan labule ne a cikin kwakwalwa, suna raba sassa daban-daban na kwakwalwa (musamman ɓangaren kwakwalwa) kuma suna taimakawa wajen kiyaye su cikin tsari.

Karin bayani game da Arachnoid Mater

Wannan shine tsakiyar Layer a ƙarƙashin dura mater. An sanya masa suna saboda siriri ne sosai kuma yana kama da gizo-gizo. Ba ya ɗauke da jijiyoyin jini ko jijiyoyi. Duk da haka, yana da abubuwan da aka yi da kyallen haɗin gwiwa waɗanda ke haɗa shi da dura mater. Sararin subarachnoid tsakanin arachnoid mater da dura mater yana cike da ruwan cerebrospinal (CSF), wanda ke ba da tasirin kwantar da hankali ga kwakwalwa.

Karin bayani game da Pia Mater

Wannan shine mafi siririn membrane na ciki wanda ke manne da saman kwakwalwa da kashin baya. Da alama ya shiga cikin kowane lungu da sako na kwakwalwa. Yawancin jijiyoyin jini da ke samar da jini ga kyallen kwakwalwa suna wucewa ta wannan. Hakanan yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye 'CSF' a wuri guda. A yanayin kashin baya, wannan matrix kuma yana taimakawa wajen ba wa kashin baya ɗan tauri da ƙarfi.

Waɗanne cututtuka ne ke shafar ciwon meninges?

Ciwon daji (meninges), wanda ke yin irin wannan muhimmin aiki, yana iya shafar cututtuka daban-daban. Wasu daga cikinsu na iya zama masu haɗari sosai. Bari mu dubi wasu daga cikin manyan yanayin da aka gani:

• Ciwon Sanyi: Wannan nau'in "zazzabin kwakwalwa" ne da muka ji labarinsa. A taƙaice dai, kamuwa ne (kumburi) na ciwon Sanyi. Wannan kamuwa da cuta na iya faruwa ne ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, ko fungi . Domin gano ainihin menene shi , yawanci ana yin huda a ƙashin baya don gwada samfurin ruwan cerebrospinal. Misali, idan ƙaramin yaro ya fara jin zazzaɓi mai tsanani, wuyansa mai tauri, da amai, waɗannan na iya zama alamun ciwon Sanyi. Yana da mahimmanci a ga likita nan da nan. Ba kasafai ake samun ciwon Sanyi ba ba tare da kamuwa da cuta ba saboda ciwon daji, wasu cututtukan kumburi, tiyatar kwakwalwa, ko wasu magunguna.

• Hematoma na Subdural: Wannan tarin jini ne tsakanin mater dura da mater na arachnoid saboda fashewar jijiyar jini. Wannan yanayin yana iya faruwa ne bayan rauni a kai, musamman ga tsofaffi, ko kuma a cikin mutanen da ke shan magungunan rage jini . Wani lokaci, ko da ƙaramin faɗuwa na iya haifar da wannan nau'in zubar jini.

• Zubar jini a wasu layukan meningeal: Saboda jijiyoyin jini da yawa suna gudana ta cikin layukan meningeal, raunin kai na iya haifar da zubar jini tsakanin kowanne daga cikin waɗannan layukan.

Baya ga wannan, akwai wasu yanayi:

• Ciwon daji: Wannan nau'in ciwon daji ne da ke tasowa a cikin ciwon daji.A mafi yawan lokuta, ciwace-ciwacen ba su da cutar kansa (mara kyau), ma'ana ba sa yaɗuwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki. Duk da haka, idan waɗannan ciwace-ciwacen suka yi girma har suka mamaye kwakwalwa suka zama barazana ga rayuwa, ƙila a buƙaci a cire su ta hanyar tiyata.

• Ciwon daji na Meningeal: Wannan shine lokacin da ciwon daji wanda ya fara a wani wuri a jiki ya bazu zuwa ga ciwon daji. Wannan yanayi ne mafi tsanani.

Akwai wasu cututtuka da ke shafar kowace daga cikin waɗannan layuka daban-daban. Domin meninges sune babbar garkuwar da ke kare kwakwalwarmu, dole ne mu tuna cewa duk wata cuta da ta shafi wannan na iya zama barazana ga rayuwa .

Saƙon Ɗauka Gida

To, yanzu kun fahimci yadda waɗannan membranes guda uku da ake kira meninges suke da muhimmanci ga kwakwalwarmu da kuma kashin baya. Kamar masu gadi uku da ke kare mafi kyawun mallakarmu.

Waɗannan layuka uku, dura mater, arachnoid mater, da pia mater, tare da ruwan cerebrospinal, suna kare ƙwayoyin kwakwalwarmu daga buga kwanyar. Suna kuma yin wasu muhimman ayyuka da yawa.

Saboda haka, idan ka sami rauni a kai sakamakon hatsari (kamar hatsarin mota, yin wasanni, ko faɗuwa), kada ka ɗauki shi da wasa. Wani lokaci, ko da ba ka ga babban rauni daga waje ba, meninges ko kyallen kwakwalwa na iya lalacewa daga ciki kuma su haifar da zubar jini (zubar jini a cikin kwakwalwa). Saboda haka, idan ka sami rauni a kai, ya kamata ka ga likita ka nemi shawara. Sannan, za a iya yin gwaje-gwajen da ake buƙata, kuma idan akwai matsala, za a iya fara magani da sauri. Ka tuna, kwakwalwarmu gaɓɓai ne masu matuƙar muhimmanci, kuma alhakinmu ne mu kula da ita!

` Meninges, Kwakwalwa, Kashin Baya, Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, Pia Mater, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Meningitis, Subdural Hematoma, Meninges, CSF, CNS, Lafiyar Kwakwalwa, Kashin Baya