Shin wani dattijo a gidanka, wataƙila mahaifiyarka, mahaifinka, ko kakarka, yana ƙara mantuwa? Shin ƙafafunsa suna kama da suna ja a ƙasa lokacin da suke tafiya? Shin yana ƙara zama da wahala a sarrafa fitsarinsu ? Sau da yawa muna ɗaukar waɗannan a matsayin "abubuwa na yau da kullun da ke faruwa yayin da muke tsufa." Amma kuma suna iya zama alamun wata cuta da za a iya magance ta kuma a warkar da ita. A yau muna magana ne game da irin wannan yanayin, Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus, ko NPH.
Menene Matsi Na Al'ada Hydrocephalus (NPH)?
A taƙaice dai, NPH shine lokacin da ruwa ya tara a cikin kwakwalwarmu fiye da yadda ake buƙata.
Ka yi tunanin cewa kwakwalwarmu da kashin bayanmu, waɗanda ke gudana a bayanmu, suna kewaye da wani ruwa mai haske, mai kama da matashin kai. A fannin likitanci, ana kiran wannan ruwan cerebrospinal (CSF) . Ana samar da wannan CSF a cikin ventricles na kwakwalwarmu kuma yana zagayawa a cikinta, yana ciyar da kwakwalwa da kashin baya, yana cire sharar gida, kuma yana kare kwakwalwa daga bugun kwanyar. Yawanci, yawan CSF yana komawa cikin jiki ta hanyar jijiyoyin da ke saman kwakwalwa.
Duk da haka, idan akwai wani cikas a cikin tsarin da ke zubar da wannan ruwan CSF, wannan ruwan yana fara taruwa a cikin ramukan kwakwalwa. Wannan shine abin da muke kira Hydrocephalus ( cikewar ruwa a kwakwalwa ). NPH wani nau'i ne na musamman na wannan yanayin Hydrocephalus. Sau da yawa ana ganinsa a cikin mutanen da suka haura shekaru 60.
Ba kamar sauran nau'ikan hydrocephalus ba, NPH yana tasowa a hankali. Ruwan CSF yana taruwa akan lokaci. Sakamakon haka, ramukan da ke cikin kwakwalwa suna girma a hankali, suna tura sassan kwakwalwa. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa matsin lamba a cikin kwakwalwa baya ƙaruwa kwatsam, shi ya sa ake kiransa "Matsalar Al'ada." Amma wannan sunan yana ɗan ɓatarwa, domin alamun suna faruwa ne kawai lokacin da ramuka suka girma suka kuma tura kwakwalwa.
Abu mai mahimmanci, alamun NPH suna kama da na cutar Alzheimer da cutar Parkinson . Sakamakon haka, galibi marasa lafiya na NPH ba a gane su da kyau ba a matsayin suna da ɗaya daga cikin sauran cututtuka biyu. Duk da haka, ba kamar Alzheimer da Parkinson ba, idan aka gano su daidai, ana iya warkar da NPH ta hanyar tiyata.
Manyan halaye guda uku na yanayin NPH
Akwai manyan alamomi guda uku na NPH. Waɗannan ba za su bayyana a farko ba, amma a hankali suna ƙaruwa akan lokaci. Idan duk waɗannan alamomin guda uku suna nan, ya kamata a yi zargin NPH ne.
| Nau'in alama | Alamomin da aka fi gani |
|---|---|
| 1. Matsalolin Tafiya |
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| 2. Ragewar Fahimta / Hauka |
|
| 3. Rashin Kauracewa Fitsari |
|
Mene ne ke haifar da NPH?
A gaskiya ma, a yawancin marasa lafiya na NPH, ba a iya gano takamaiman dalili ba. Duk da haka, a wasu lokuta, waɗannan abubuwan na iya haifar da wannan yanayin:
- Raunin kai
- Zubar jini a kwakwalwa sakamakon buguwa a kai
- bugun jini
- Cututtuka kamar su meningitis
- Ciwon kwakwalwa
- Tiyatar kwakwalwa
Har yanzu babu cikakken fahimtar yadda waɗannan yanayi ke haifar da NPH.
Ta yaya ake gano cutar NPH daidai?
Yanzu za ka iya tunanin, "To, waɗannan su ne alamomin, yanzu ta yaya zan gano wannan?" Wannan yana da ɗan rikitarwa. Saboda waɗannan alamun suna kama da cututtukan Alzheimer da Parkinson, yana da mahimmanci a ga likitan jijiyoyi ko likitan jijiyoyin jini .
Tsarin ganewar asali yawanci yana tafiya kamar haka:
1. Yin magana da likita: Likitan zai tambaye ka game da komai, tun daga alamomin da ka fara, lokacin da suka fara, tarihin lafiyar iyali, da kuma magungunan da ka sha.
2. Gwajin jiki: Za a duba yanayin kwakwalwarka (yin tambayoyi da kuma roƙonka ka bi umarni masu sauƙi), tafiya, da daidaito.
3. Gwaje-gwaje na musamman:
- CT Scan ko MRI Scan: Waɗannan scans ɗin na iya samar da cikakkun hotuna na kwakwalwa masu hoto 3D. Suna iya taimakawa wajen tantance ko ventricles ɗin da ke cikin kwakwalwa sun faɗaɗa a cikin NPH. Duk da haka, scan ɗin kaɗai ba zai iya tabbatar da NPH ba.
- Hunƙurin Lumbar / Taɓar Kashin Baya: Wannan yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman matakai wajen gano cutar. Wani lokaci muna kiran wannan 'taɓar kashin baya'. Kada ku damu, likita zai yi haka. Ana amfani da ƙaramin allura don cire wasu daga cikin ruwan CSF da ke kewaye da kashin baya daga ƙasan baya.
Ana iya amfani da wannan huda a ƙashin baya don duba abubuwa biyu. Na ɗaya shine a auna matsin lambar wannan ruwan. Wani muhimmin abu kuma shine a ga ko, bayan cire kimanin millilita 30-50 na ruwa ta wannan hanyar, tafiyar majiyyaci da ƙwaƙwalwarsa sun inganta na ɗan lokaci a cikin 'yan awanni masu zuwa. Idan aka ga irin wannan gagarumin ci gaba, hakan alama ce mai kyau cewa za a iya samun babban murmurewa ta hanyar tiyata.
Menene hanyoyin magance NPH?
Mafi ingancin maganin NPH shine tiyata. Babu wani magani ko wani magani da zai iya warkar da wannan cutar.
Babban tiyatar ita ce a sanya shunt.
Ka yi tunanin an saka ƙaramin bututu don fitar da ruwan CSF da ya wuce kima daga kwakwalwarmu ya aika shi zuwa wani ɓangare na jiki. Wannan ana kiransa shunt. Wannan bututu ne mai siriri. Likitan jijiyoyin kwakwalwa yana saka wannan bututun a cikin wani rami a cikin kwakwalwa kuma yana tura shi ƙarƙashin fata zuwa wani wuri da ake kira peritoneum. Akwai bawul a cikin wannan bututun da ke sarrafa matsin lamba. Lokacin da matsin lamba a cikin kwakwalwa ya ƙaru, wannan bawul ɗin yana buɗewa kuma ruwan da ya wuce kima yana kwarara zuwa cikin ramin peritoneal. A can, ruwan yana sha ba tare da cutar da jiki ba.
Wannan tiyatar shunt ba ta yi nasara ga kowa ba. Duk da haka, ga mutane da yawa, alamun cutar suna raguwa sosai bayan wannan tiyatar kuma ingancin rayuwarsu yana inganta sosai. Da zarar an gano cutar kuma an yi tiyatar, sakamakon zai fi samun nasara.
A wasu lokuta, maimakon yin shunt, ana yin wani tiyata mai suna Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy , inda ake amfani da endoscope (siraran bututu mai kyamara) don yin ƙaramin rami a ƙasan ramin kwakwalwa don ƙirƙirar wata hanya ta daban don ruwan CSF ya gudana.
Saƙon Ɗauka Gida
- Idan wani dattijo ya fuskanci alamu kamar wahalar tafiya, rashin tunawa, da rashin yin fitsari , kada a yi watsi da shi a matsayin wani ɓangare na "tsufa."
- Duk da cewa waɗannan alamomin suna kama da cutar Alzheimer ko Parkinson, yana yiwuwa wannan cuta ce da za a iya magancewa da ake kira NPH.
- Idan kai ko ƙaunataccenka yana da waɗannan alamun, to ka je wurin likita da wuri-wuri, musamman likitan jijiyoyi . Gano cutar da wuri yana da matuƙar muhimmanci.
- Tiyatar Shunt ita ce babbar hanyar magance matsalar NPH, kuma tana iya inganta rayuwar marasa lafiya da yawa sosai.
- Taimako da fahimta suna da matuƙar muhimmanci ga majiyyaci da kuma mai kula da shi a wannan tafiya.
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