Shin dukkan hormones ɗin pituitary ɗinku suna da ƙarancin aiki? Bari mu yi magana game da panhypopituitarism!

Wani lokaci abubuwa a jikinmu ba sa aiki kamar yadda ake tsammani, ko ba haka ba? Hormones ƙungiya ce ta manzanni masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke da hannu a kusan kowace hanya a jikinmu. Idan akwai matsala da wannan tsarin hormone, zai iya shafar rayuwarmu gaba ɗaya. A yau za mu yi magana game da wata cuta mai wuya da kowa ya kamata ya sani. Wannan ita ce panhypopituitarism.

Menene Panhypopitarism?

A taƙaice dai, ciwon daji (panhypopituitarism) wani yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba wanda glandar pituitary, wani ƙaramin gland a cikin kwakwalwarmu, ba ya samar da isasshen ko kuma yana da ƙarancin dukkan hormones ɗin da yake samarwa. Sashen "pan" yana nufin "duk." Wannan yanayin na iya shafar jarirai, yara, da manya.

Yanzu wataƙila kana mamakin, "Menene waɗannan hormones? Me yasa suke da mahimmanci haka?" To, bari mu duba hakan.

Hormones kamar manzanni ne a jikinmu. Su sinadarai ne na musamman. Suna ratsa jininmu kuma suna isar da saƙonni zuwa ga gabobin jiki daban-daban, tsokoki, da sauran kyallen jiki. Suna daidaita, wato, suna sarrafa da kuma daidaita ayyukan jikinmu daban-daban, suna gaya musu su "yi haka, yi a wannan lokacin, yi haka ta wannan hanyar."

Glandar pituitary ɗinmu tana da girman wake. Tana nan a gindin kwakwalwarmu, a ƙasa da hypothalamus. (Hypothalamus babban cibiya ce a cikin kwakwalwa wadda ke sarrafa abubuwa da yawa masu muhimmanci, gami da tsarin jijiyoyinmu masu cin gashin kansu.) Duk da ƙaramin girmanta, glandar pituitary tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin endocrine ɗinmu. Wato, waɗannan hormones ɗin pituitary ne ke sarrafa abubuwa da yawa a jikinmu, kamar metabolism, girma, da haihuwa.

A al'ada, jikinmu yana daidaita waɗannan matakan hormones a hankali. Duk da haka, idan ɗayan waɗannan hormones ya yi ƙasa sosai, yana iya haifar da alamu iri-iri da matsalolin lafiya. Ciwon hanta (panhypopituitarism) shine lokacin da dukkan hormones da glandar pituitary ke samarwa suka yi ƙasa sosai, wanda ke haifar da alamomi iri-iri.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin hypopituitarism da hypopituitarism?

Waɗannan sunaye biyu suna da ɗan kama da juna, don haka suna iya zama masu rikitarwa. Ka yi tunani a kai, hypopituitarism yanayi ne da ake samar da hormones ɗaya ko fiye ta hanyar glandar pituitary. Panhypopituitarism wani yanayi ne na musamman, mafi cikakken bayani game da shi. Wato, panhypopituitarism ƙarancin dukkan hormones da glandar pituitary ke samarwa ne. Kalmar "pan" tana nufin "duk", don haka tana bayyana wannan yanayin.

Wadanne hormones ne glandar pituitary ke samarwa?

Akwai nau'ikan hormones da dama da glandar pituitary ɗinmu ke samarwa kuma ke fitarwa (saki). Kowannensu yana da takamaiman aiki. Bari mu dubi menene su:

• Hormone na Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH ko corticotropin): Wannan yana motsa glandar adrenal ɗinmu don samar da wani hormone da ake kira cortisol. Wannan cortisol kuma ana kiransa 'hormone na damuwa'. Yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don daidaita hawan jini da matakan glucose na jini.
• Hormone mai motsa follicle (FSH): Wannan hormone yana taimakawa wajen haɓaka samar da maniyyi a cikin maza kuma yana motsa ƙwayoyin halittar mata don samar da hormone estrogen da kuma girma ƙwai.
• Sinadarin girma (GH): Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, yana da mahimmanci ga ci gaban yara. Hakanan yana taimakawa wajen kula da tsokoki da ƙashi masu lafiya a cikin manya, kuma yana shafar rarraba kitsen jiki. GH kuma yana da hannu a cikin metabolism ɗinmu.
• Luteinizing hormone (LH): Ana buƙatar LH don ƙarfafa ƙwai a cikin mata da kuma ƙarfafa samar da testosterone a cikin maza.
• Prolactin: Wannan hormone yana ƙarfafa samar da madarar mama bayan an haifi jariri. Hakanan yana iya shafar zagayowar al'ada a cikin mata da kuma haihuwa da aikin jima'i a cikin manya.
• Hormone mai motsa thyroid (TSH): Wannan yana motsa glandar thyroid ɗinmu don samar da hormones na thyroid, waɗanda ke sarrafa metabolism, kuzari, da tsarin jijiyoyi.

Baya ga waɗannan, glandar pituitary tana adanawa da kuma fitar da wasu hormones guda biyu idan ana buƙata. Duk da haka, hypothalamus ne ke yin waɗannan:

• Hormone na antidiuretic (ADH ko vasopressin): Wannan hormone yana daidaita adadin ruwa da sodium (gishiri) a jikinmu.
• Oxytocin: Yana taimaka wa mata su matse mahaifarsu yayin haihuwa, kuma yana taimakawa wajen kwararar ruwan nono. An kuma ce wannan hormone yana shafar alaƙar da ke tsakanin iyaye da jarirai.

Duba, wannan ƙaramin glandar pituitary yana da matuƙar muhimmanci! Don haka, raguwar duk waɗannan hormones na iya yin babban tasiri.

Wanene wannan yanayin na panhypopitarism ya fi shafa?

A gaskiya ma, wannan yanayi da ake kira panhypopituitarism na iya faruwa ga kowa, a kowane zamani. Babu takamaiman iyaka ko sashe na shekaru.

Yaya wannan yanayin ya zama ruwan dare?

Wannan yanayi ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba . A duk duniya, ana samun rahoton wannan cuta a cikin mutane huɗu kacal cikin kowanne mutum dubu ɗari a kowace shekara. Saboda haka, ba a cika jin labarinsa sosai ba.

Shin Panhypopituitarism zai iya zama barazana ga rayuwa?

Eh, a wasu lokuta wannan yanayin na iya zama barazana ga rayuwa. Musamman idan hormone adrenocorticotropic (ACTH) ya yi ƙasa sosai, yana iya zama haɗari.

Dalilin haka shi ne rashin ACTH na iya haifar da gaggawa da ake kira rikicin adrenal . Wannan kuma ana kiransa "rashin isasshen cortisol mai tsanani". ACTH shine abin da ke sarrafa matakan cortisol ɗinmu. Don haka idan ACTH ya tafi, ba a samar da cortisol ba. Wannan rikicin adrenal yanayi ne da ke buƙatar kulawar likita nan take kuma yana iya zama barazana ga rayuwa.

Alamomin matsalar adrenal na iya haɗawa da:

• Zazzaɓi
• Raunin rauni mai tsanani
• Ruɗani (rashin fahimta)
• Ƙarancin hawan jini (hypotension)
• Zuciya mai sauri (tachycardia)
• Amai
• Gudawa
• Ƙarancin sukari a jini (hypoglycemia)

Idan kai ko ɗanka yana da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, je asibiti mafi kusa nan da nan ko kuma ka kira 1990. Wannan gaggawa ce!

Mene ne alamun cutar Panhypopituitarism?

Alamomin wannan cuta na iya bambanta sosai daga mutum zuwa mutum, ya danganta da yawan sinadarin pituitary da ke cikin kowace hormone da kuma yadda yanayin ke ci gaba da sauri ko a hankali.

Ga wasu alamu da ake iya gani a cikin yara da manya:

• Tashin zuciya ko jiri
• Gajiya mai tsanani
• Damuwa da/ko damuwa
• Cututtuka masu yawan faruwa
• Ƙarancin sukari a jini (hypoglycemia)
• Rashin jure sanyi
• Busasshen fata ba kamar yadda aka saba ba
• Rage nauyi ko ƙaruwa ba tare da wani dalili ba
• Rashin daidaituwar lipids da cholesterol a cikin jini (dyslipidemia)
• Zuciya mai sauri (tachycardia)
• Ƙishirwa da yawan fitsari da kuma yawan yin fitsari
• Sauyin jinin al'ada mara tsari a cikin mata
• Rashin haihuwa ga mata
• Rashin haihuwa a maza

Akwai ƙarin alamun da ke shafar jarirai, jarirai, da/ko ƙananan yara musamman:

• Dogon jaundice a jarirai
• Ƙaramin azzakari a cikin jarirai maza (micropenis)
• Ci gaba mara tsayi (ba ya girma sosai)
• Jinkirin balaga

Domin waɗannan alamomin na iya kama da sauran cututtukan lafiya, yana da mahimmanci a sami ingantaccen ganewar asali idan kuna da sabbin alamu ko masu ci gaba kamar waɗannan. Saboda haka, a nemi shawara daga likita.

Mene ne dalilan da ke haifar da ciwon hanta (panhypopituitarism)?

Akwai dalilai da dama da ka iya haifar da wannan yanayin. Wani lokaci likitoci ba sa iya gano takamaiman dalili. Wannan ana kiransa idiopathic panhypopituitarism.

Gabaɗaya dai, babban dalilin hakan shi ne cewa hypothalamus da/ko glandar pituitary ɗinmu sun lalace ta wata hanya, wanda hakan ke sa ɗaya ko duka biyun ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata.

Domin fahimtar waɗannan dalilai, kuna buƙatar fahimtar yadda hypothalamus da glandar pituitary suke aiki tare.

dangantaka tsakanin hypothalamus da glandar pituitary

Ka yi tunanin hypothalamus, glandar pituitary, da glandar pituitary a matsayin Shugaba kuma manajan wani babban kamfani. Tare, waɗannan biyun suna aiki a matsayin babban cibiyar kula da kwakwalwarmu (hypothalamus-pituitary complex), suna sarrafa muhimman ayyuka a jiki.

Hypothalamus wani ɓangare ne na kwakwalwarmu wanda ke da alhakin ayyuka da yawa na jiki. Yana aika saƙonni zuwa ga tsarin jijiyoyinmu masu cin gashin kansu. Hakanan yana gaya wa glandar pituitary "yin waɗannan hormones, saki waɗannan." Waɗannan hormones na pituitary suna shafar sauran sassan jiki.

Ana haɗa glandar pituitary da hypothalamus ta hanyar wani tushe da ke ɗauke da jijiyoyin jini da zare na jijiyoyi da ake kira "ƙwayar pituitary." Ta wannan tushe ne hypothalamus ke sadarwa da glandar pituitary.

Hypothalamus yana samar da wasu hormones don ƙarfafa glandar pituitary:

• Hormone mai sakin Corticotropin
• Dopamine
• Hormone mai sakin gonadotropin
• Hormone mai sakin hormone mai girma
• Somatostatin
• Hormone mai sakin thyrotropin

Saboda glandar pituitary da hypothalamus suna aiki tare sosai, lalacewar ɗayan na iya shafar aikin hormones na ɗayan. Wannan shine tushen ci gaban panhypopituitarism.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon pituitary

Cututtukan da zasu iya lalata glandar pituitary kuma su haifar da panhypopituitarism sun haɗa da:

• adenomas na Pituitary (waɗannan ciwace-ciwacen ba na ciwon daji ba ne)
• Tiyatar glandar pituitary (sau da yawa don cire waɗannan adenomas)
• Maganin radiation don adenoma na pituitary
• Apoplexy na Pituitary (lalacewar ƙwayoyin pituitary kwatsam saboda raguwar yawan jini zuwa glandar pituitary ko zubar jini)
• Ba a samar da glandar pituitary yadda ya kamata ba ko kuma ba a samar da ita ba daidai ba lokacin haihuwa.

Dalilan da ke da alaƙa da hypothalamus

Yanayin da zai iya lalata hypothalamus kuma ya haifar da panhypopituitarism sun haɗa da:

• Raunin kwakwalwa mai rauni (TBI)
• Tiyatar kwakwalwa da aka yi a ko kusa da hypothalamus
• Ciwon daji marasa ciwon daji da ke tasowa a cikin hypothalamus (misali craniopharyngiomas)
• Ciwon daji wanda ya bazu (ya zama metastasized) zuwa hypothalamus daga wasu wurare a jiki (misali huhu, ciwon nono)
• Hydrocephalus (matsin lamba da ruwa ke taruwa a kwakwalwa)
• bugun jini
• Ciwon daji na meningitis

Ta yaya ake gano cutar Panhypopituitarism?

Idan kana da alamun wannan cuta, likitanka zai fara tambayarka game da alamominka da tarihin lafiyarka, sannan ya yi maka gwajin jiki.

Bayan haka, ana yin umartar gwaje-gwajen da suka wajaba don tabbatar da yanayin cutar panhypopituitarism da kuma kawar da wasu yanayi da ka iya haifar da waɗannan alamun.

Menene gwaje-gwajen ganewar asali?

Likitoci yawanci suna yin gwaje-gwaje da dama don gano wannan cuta, ciki har da gwaje-gwajen hoto da gwaje-gwajen matakin hormone.

Gwaje-gwajen hoto

Panhypopituitarism yana faruwa ne sakamakon lalacewar hypothalamus ko glandar pituitary, kuma ana iya yin gwaje-gwajen hoto irin waɗannan don gano musabbabin:

• Duban MRI na Brain (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Duban MRI yana amfani da raƙuman rediyo da kuma ƙarfin filin maganadisu don samar da cikakkun hotuna na cikin jiki. Ana ɗaukar hotunan MRI a matsayin hanya mafi kyau don gano ciwace-ciwacen pituitary. Hakanan suna iya taimakawa wajen gano wasu matsaloli tare da hypothalamus ko glandar pituitary.
• CT (Computed Tomography) na kwakwalwa: CT scan yana amfani da X-ray da kwamfuta don ƙirƙirar cikakkun hotuna na kwakwalwa. Ana iya amfani da wannan gwajin don duba ciwon kwakwalwa ko pituitary adenoma. Hakanan yana iya taimakawa wajen gano wasu matsaloli tare da hypothalamus ko glandar pituitary.

Gwaje-gwajen Hormone

Idan kana da alamun cutar panhypopituitarism, likitanka zai buƙaci ya auna matakan kowace hormone da glandar pituitary ke fitarwa. Wannan zai taimaka wajen tantance yadda kowanne hormone yake ƙasa kuma ya kawar da wasu yanayi.

Duk da cewa wasu hormones na pituitary yawanci suna nan a cikin jininmu a matakin da ya dace, wasu matakan hormones suna canzawa sosai a tsawon yini. Saboda haka, ana iya yin wasu gwaje-gwajen hormones a matsayin gwaje-gwajen jini masu sauƙi, yayin da wasu kuma suna buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na musamman na ƙarfafawa.

Gwaje-gwajen matakin hormone sun haɗa da:

• Gwaje-gwajen jini: Gwaje-gwajen jini masu sauƙi na iya auna hormones na pituitary kamar hormone mai motsa thyroid (TSH), prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), da luteinizing hormone (LH). Hakanan za su iya auna wasu hormones waɗanda hormones na pituitary ke shafar su, kamar thyroxine, estrogen, da testosterone.
• Gwajin ƙarfafa ACTH:Wannan yana gwada yadda glandar adrenal ɗinka ke amsawa ga hormone adrenocorticotropic (ACTH). Wannan ya ƙunshi yin allurar ACTH ta roba da kuma ɗaukar samfuran jini akai-akai.
• Gwajin ƙarfafa sinadarin hormone na girma (GH): Don wannan gwajin, likitanka zai yi maka allurar magani. Wannan maganin yawanci yana ƙarfafa glandar pituitary don fitar da sinadarin hormone na girma. Sannan, za a ɗauki samfurin jininka kuma za a auna matakan GH ɗinka.
• Gwajin haƙuri da insulin: Wannan gwajin yana taimakawa wajen gano ƙarancin hormone na girma (GH) da ACTH.

Yaya ake magance cutar Panhypopituitarism?

Maganin wannan yanayin ya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum. Ya danganta da ƙarancin matakan hormone na pituitary da kuma dalilin da ke haifar da hakan. Saboda haka, tsarin maganin ya shafi mutum ɗaya. Ƙungiyar likitocinku za ta tantance mafi kyawun tsarin magani a gare ku.

Wasu daga cikin hanyoyin magani da ake amfani da su sune:

• Maganin maye gurbin hormones: Manufar wannan ita ce a dawo da hormones na pituitary waɗanda suka ragu zuwa matakin lafiya. Mutanen da ke fama da cutar panhypopituitarism za su buƙaci maganin maye gurbin hormones na tsawon rai sai dai idan za a iya magance matsalar da ke haifar da hakan. Wasu magungunan maye gurbin hormones ana shan su a matsayin ƙwayoyi, yayin da wasu kuma ana ba su a matsayin allurai.
• Tiyata: Idan ciwon kwakwalwa ne ya haifar da wannan matsalar ko kuma adenoma na pituitary, likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar yin tiyata don cire ciwon.
• Maganin Radiation: Idan ciwon kwakwalwa ne ya haifar da wannan matsalar ko kuma adenoma na pituitary, ana iya ba da shawarar maganin radiation don magance ko rage girman ciwon.
• Corticosteroids: Kuna iya buƙatar shan allurai masu yawa na corticosteroids kafin da/ko a lokacin duk wani lamari da ke haifar da damuwa ta jiki ko ta hankali. Abubuwan da ke haifar da damuwa ta jiki sun haɗa da rashin lafiya, kamuwa da cuta, da tiyata. Ana ba da waɗannan corticosteroids don maye gurbin hormones na adrenal waɗanda ba a samar da su ba saboda ƙarancin ACTH. Waɗannan hormones suna da mahimmanci lokacin da jiki ke cikin damuwa.

Za a iya warkar da cutar Panhypopitarism gaba ɗaya?

A wasu lokuta, ana iya magance matsalar ciwon daji ta hanyar magance matsalar da ke haifar da ita (misali, cire wani ciwon daji na pituitary adenoma ta hanyar tiyata wanda ke matse glandar pituitary, idan glandar ba ta lalace ba). Duk da haka, a mafi yawan lokuta , rashin isasshen sinadarin hormone da ciwon daji ke haifarwa yana buƙatar magani na tsawon rai.

Za a iya hana wannan yanayi?

A mafi yawan lokuta, babu wata hanyar hana cutar panhypopituitarism. Duk da haka, idan kana cikin haɗarin kamuwa da wannan cuta, akwai hanyoyin da za a gano ta da wuri.

Idan kun taɓa fuskantar ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan, kuna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar panhypopituitarism:

• Idan an yi maka tiyata a kwakwalwa ko kuma glandar pituitary.
• Idan an yi maka maganin radiation a kwakwalwa da/ko glandar pituitary.
• Idan kwakwalwa ta fuskanci girgiza sakamakon hatsari (Rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa).
• Idan kana fama da hydrocephalus (tarin ruwa a kwakwalwa).

Idan kana cikin haɗari, likitanka zai ba da shawarar a duba aikin da lafiyar glandar pituitary da/ko hypothalamus.

Mene ne hasashen cutar panhypopituitarism?

Hasashen wannan cuta, wato, yadda majiyyaci zai kasance a nan gaba, ya dogara ne akan abubuwa da dama:

• Nawa ne yawan sinadarin pituitary hormones da ke cikinsa.
• Shekarunka lokacin da cutar ta fara.
• Shin wannan yanayin zai ci gaba a hankali ko da sauri?
• Yaya sauri za a iya gano cutar kuma a fara magani?

An gano cewa cutar Panhypopituitarism tana da alaƙa da raguwar ingancin rayuwa da tsawon rai.

Mutane masu wannan matsalar galibi suna da haɗarin kamuwa da kiba, raguwar kiba a jiki, da kuma cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Haka kuma suna iya samun haɗarin kamuwa da cutar osteoporosis (rage ƙashi) da kuma karyewar ƙashi.

Duk da haka, cikakken maganin maye gurbin hormones da kuma sa ido sosai kan abubuwan da ke haifar da haɗarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini na iya inganta sakamako. Saboda haka, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a bi shawarar likita.

Yaushe ya kamata ku ga likita idan kuna da ciwon panhypopituitarism?

Idan kana da alamun cutar panhypopituitarism, ko kuma an gano kana da wannan cuta, to ya kamata ka nemi shawarar likitan endocrinologist, likita wanda ya ƙware wajen magance matsalolin da suka shafi hormones.

Za ku buƙaci ku ziyarci likitan ilimin halittar ku akai-akai a duk tsawon rayuwar ku don tabbatar da cewa maganin maye gurbin hormone ɗinku yana aiki yadda ya kamata da kuma guje wa maye gurbin hormones da yawa.

Abu ne na al'ada a ji tsoro idan aka gano wani sabon cuta. Amma kada ka ji tsoron yi wa likitanka tambayoyi game da ciwon hanta. Tunda sau da yawa yana buƙatar magani na tsawon rai da kuma sa ido kan hormones, yana da mahimmanci ka ga likitanka akai-akai. Idan ka kamu da sabbin alamu ko alamun damuwa, ka sanar da likitanka nan da nan. Suna nan don taimaka maka.

Muhimman Abubuwa da Ya Kamata Ku Sani (Saƙon Da Za Ku Dauka)

To, bari mu taƙaita wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ya kamata ku tuna daga abin da muka tattauna a kai:

• Panhypopituitarism yanayi ne mai matuƙar wahala amma mai tsanani wanda dukkan hormones da glandar pituitary ke samarwa ke raguwa.
• Akwai dalilai da yawa da ke haifar da wannan, musamman lalacewar glandar pituitary ko hypothalamus.
• Alamomin sun sha bamban, kuma wani lokacin ma wasu cututtuka masu barazana ga rayuwa kamar matsalar adrenal na iya faruwa. Saboda haka, a nemi shawarar likita nan da nan idan kana da alamun.
• Ana buƙatar abubuwa kamar gwajin jini da na'urar duban MRI/CT don samun ingantaccen ganewar asali.
• Maganin sau da yawa ya ƙunshi maganin maye gurbin hormones na tsawon rai.
• Ta hanyar yin aiki tare da likitanka da kuma samun gwaje-gwaje da magunguna masu dacewa, za ka iya rayuwa cikin nasara tare da wannan yanayin.

Ina fatan wannan bayanin zai taimaka muku. Ku tuna, ba kai kaɗai ba ne, kuma likitoci da masu kula da lafiya suna nan don taimaka muku.

Panhypopituitarism , glandar pituitary, ƙarancin hormones, hypothalamus, maganin hormones, ciwace-ciwacen kwakwalwa, ACTH