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Menene Ciwon Rhabdoid? A takaice dai...
Rhabdoid Tumor wani nau'in ciwon daji ne da ba kasafai ake samu ba, wanda ke girma cikin sauri . Ya fi yawa a cikin ƙananan yara da jarirai . Idan aka duba shi da na'urar hangen nesa, waɗannan ƙwayoyin cutar kansa suna kama da rhabdomyoblasts , wani nau'in ƙwayar halitta mai samar da tsoka. Shi ya sa ake kiransa "rhabdoid." Wannan ciwon daji na iya tasowa a cikin koda, kyallen jiki mai laushi, ko tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya (kwakwalwa da kashin baya). Abin takaici, wannan ciwon daji na iya yaɗuwa da sauri, wanda hakan ke sa ya zama da wahala a yi magani.Akwai nau'ikan ciwon Rhabdoid daban-daban?
Eh, akwai manyan nau'ikan wannan ciwon daji da dama dangane da inda yake faruwa. Bari mu ga menene su.1. Ciwon Koda na Rhabdoid (RTK)
Wannan ciwon koda ne na rhabdoid a cikin yaro. Wani lokaci ana rage shi da (RTK).2. Ciwon Rabdoid Mai Lalacewar Jijiyoyin ...ni na Ƙasashen Waje ko Ƙasashen Waje
Wannan nau'in ciwon daji na iya tasowa a cikin kyallen jikin yaron da sauran gabobinsa, kamar hanta, huhu, da fata. Ana kuma kiransa da ciwon daji mai kama da rhabdoid (MRT) . "Malignant" yana nufin ciwon daji.3. Ciwon Rabdoid Mai Rauni (ATRT)
Wannan nau'in ciwon daji na rhabdoid yana tasowa a cikin tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya na yaron, kwakwalwa da kashin baya. A cikin wannan nau'in ciwon daji, ƙwayoyin cutar kansa suna farawa ne a cikin kwakwalwar yaron ko kashin baya. Kimanin kashi 50% na waɗannan ciwon daji (ATRT) suna tasowa a cikin cerebellum (wanda ke sarrafa motsi da daidaito) ko kuma tushen kwakwalwa ( wanda ke sarrafa abubuwa kamar numfashi da bugun zuciya).Wanene ya fi kamuwa da ciwon daji na Rhabdoid?
Yana shafar jarirai da ƙananan yara , musamman waɗanda ke tsakanin watanni 11 zuwa 18. Manya ba sa fuskantar wannan cutar sosai.Wannan abu ne da ba kasafai ake samunsa ba, wasu bincike sun ce yana faruwa a cikin kasa da mutum daya cikin miliyan daya.Ana cewa wannan ciwon daji yana faruwa ne a ƙananan adadi. Wannan yana nufin yana da matuƙar wuya a same shi.
Me yasa waɗannan ciwace-ciwacen rhabdoid ke tasowa? Menene sanadin?
A mafi yawan lokuta, babban abin da ke haifar da cutar kansa ta rhabdoid shine maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta a cikin kwayar halittar SMARCB1 . Ka yi tunanin akwai ɗan tsaro a jikinmu wanda ke sarrafa ci gaban ƙwayoyin halitta. Wannan kwayar halittar SMARCB1 kwayar halittar hana ciwace-ciwace ce. Tana samar da furotin wanda ke sarrafa ci gaban ƙwayoyin halitta. Kamar jami'in zirga-zirga, tana hana ƙwayoyin halitta rabuwa da sauri. Don haka, idan akwai lahani, wato, maye gurbi, a cikin wannan kwayar halittar SMARCB1, wannan iko yana ɓacewa kuma ƙwayoyin halitta suna rabuwa da sauri, wanda ke haifar da ciwon daji . Ba kasafai ake samun waɗannan cututtukan ba saboda maye gurbi a cikin wani kwayar halittar hana ciwace-ciwace mai suna SMARCA4. Kodayake wasu yara na iya gadon wannan kwayar halittar da aka canza daga iyayensu, mafi yawan lokuta waɗannan cututtukan suna faruwa ne saboda sabon maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta wanda ke faruwa ba tare da tarihin iyali ba . Wannan yana nufin cewa ko da babu wanda ke cikin iyali da ya taɓa samun maye gurbi a baya, ƙwayoyin yaron na iya samun wannan maye gurbi ta hanyar kwatsam. Lokacin da ake kula da yaron, ana iya yin kimanta kwayoyin halitta don neman wannan maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta.Menene alamomin cutar Rhabdoid tumor?
Alamomin na iya bambanta dangane da shekarun yaron da kuma wurin da ciwon ya faru . Alamomin yawanci suna farawa ne a yankin da ciwon ya ke girma. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da lalacewar jijiyoyi, wahalar numfashi, ko kumburi a cikin cikin yaron. Saboda wannan ciwon ya bazu da sauri, alamun na iya bayyana da sauri. Sauran alamun na iya haɗawa da:- Zazzabi akai-akai.
- Ciwon kai .
- Jini a cikin fitsari ( Hematuria ) .
- Tashin zuciya da amai .
- Kumburin lymph.
- Kullum cikin fushi, rashin natsuwa (Rashin jin haushi).
- Abinci ba shi da ɗanɗano .
- Barci mara kyau.
- A jarirai, girman kai yana ƙara girma.
- Rashin daidaito ko wahalar tafiya.
yaya?Ta yaya ake gane wannan ciwon Rhabdoid?
Likitan da zai duba yaronka zai fara yin gwajin jiki sannan ya tambaye ka game da alamun yaronka. Sannan zai yi odar gwaje-gwaje da dama don tabbatar da ganewar cutar. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da:- Duban dan tayi : Wannan yana amfani da raƙuman sauti masu ƙarfi don ƙirƙirar hoto (sonogram) na gabobin ciki na jariri.
- CT scan: Wannan yana amfani da X-ray da kwamfuta don ƙirƙirar hoton sassa uku (3D) na kyallen jikin yaron da ƙasusuwansa masu laushi.
- Duban MRI: Wannan yana amfani da na'urar maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kwamfuta don yin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare kamar kwakwalwar yaron da kashin baya.
- Gwajin Jijiyoyi: Wannan yana gwada kwakwalwar yaron, kashin baya, da aikin jijiyoyi.
- Hudawar ƙashin baya / Taɓawar ƙashin baya: A cikin wannan, ana ɗaukar samfurin ruwan cerebrospinal (CSF) daga ƙashin baya na yaron kuma a duba shi da na'urar hangen nesa don ganin ko akwai ƙwayoyin cutar kansa.
- Gwajin kwayoyin halitta: Ana ɗaukar samfurin jinin yaron ko kyallen jikinsa kuma a gwada shi don gano sauye-sauye a cikin kwayoyin halittar SMARCB1 da SMARCA4.
- Biopsy: A cikin wannan aikin, likita yana amfani da allura don ɗaukar ƙaramin samfurin ciwon. Likitan cututtuka sannan ya duba shi a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa don ganin ko akwai ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Idan aka sami ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, ana iya cire mafi yawan ciwon gwargwadon iko yayin tiyatar ko kuma a tiyatar da za a yi daga baya.
- Immunohistochemistry: Wannan gwaji ne na musamman. Yana amfani da ƙwayoyin rigakafi don neman wasu alamomi/antigens a cikin samfurin kyallen ɗanku. Waɗannan alamun za su iya taimakawa wajen tantance ko ciwon daji ne na rhabdoid ko wani nau'in ciwon daji.
Yaya ake maganin ciwon Rhabdoid?
Likitan yara kanana ne ke jagorantar kula da yaro. Yana aiki tare da ƙungiyar wasu ƙwararru don ƙirƙirar tsarin magani wanda ya fi dacewa da yaron. Ana iya amfani da magunguna daban-daban tare don magance cutar kansar rhabdoid. Saboda wannan ciwon daji yana yaɗuwa da sauri, bincike ya nuna cewa amfani da magunguna da yawa tare yana da yuwuwar kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa fiye da amfani da ɗaya kawai.- Tiyata: Idan biopsy ɗin bai cire ciwon ba, mataki na farko, idan zai yiwu, shine a yi tiyata don cire ciwon gwargwadon iko, wataƙila duka.
- Maganin Chemotherapy (Chemo): Wannan ya ƙunshi ba da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Waɗannan magunguna suna kashe wasu ƙwayoyin cutar kansa kuma suna hana wasu rabuwa. Duk da haka, waɗannan magunguna ba za su iya bambance tsakanin ƙwayoyin halitta masu kyau da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ba, don haka suna iya haifar da illa.
- Yin amfani da maganin chemotherapy mai yawa tare da dashen ƙwayoyin halitta: Yin amfani da maganin chemotherapy mai yawa na iya kashe ƙarin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Duk da haka, yana kashe ƙwayoyin halitta masu lafiya, kamar ƙwayoyin halitta masu samar da jini a cikin bargon ƙashi. Don magance wannan, ana ɗaukar wasu daga cikin bargon ƙashin yaron kuma a adana su kafin a ba da maganin chemotherapy mai yawa. Bayan magani, ana mayar da bargon ƙashi ga yaron don maye gurbin ƙwayoyin da suka lalace.
- Maganin Radiation: Wannan yana amfani da hasken X-ray mai ƙarfi don rage ko lalata ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Duk da haka, saboda maganin radiation na iya shafar ci gaban yaro da ci gaban kwakwalwa, ana daidaita adadin gwargwadon shekarun yaron da girmansa.
- Gwaje-gwajen asibiti: Likitan zai iya kuma ba da shawarar sabbin gwaje-gwajen asibiti (sabbin nau'ikan chemotherapy, maganin da aka yi niyya, ko magungunan rigakafi) don magance ciwon daji na ɗanku.
Menene illar da maganin zai iya haifarwa?
Maganin ciwon daji, musamman chemotherapy, na iya haifar da illa. Wannan saboda magungunan da ake amfani da su don kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa suma suna kashe ƙwayoyin lafiya. Duk da haka, yawancin illolin suna ɓacewa bayan an daina magani . Kuna iya aiki tare da ƙungiyar likitocin yaronku don magance waɗannan illolin. Illolin da aka saba gani sun haɗa da:- Asarar gashi (Alopecia) .
- Abincin ba shi da ɗanɗano.
- Maƙarƙashiya.
- Gudawa.
- Tashin zuciya da amai.
- Ciwon makogwaro da baki.
- Kumburi (Edema) .
- Rashin barci.
- Gajiya mai yawa.
- Matsalolin ƙwaƙwalwa.
Za a iya hana kamuwa da cutar Rhabdoid?
Abin takaici, waɗannan cututtukan daji suna faruwa ne sakamakon maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta, don haka babu wata hanyar hana su . Duk da haka, idan wani a cikin iyalinka ya taɓa kamuwa da cutar kansa ta rhabdoid ko wasu cututtukan daji, kuma kuna da juna biyu, yana da kyau ku yi magana da likitanku game da shawarwarin kwayoyin halitta . Shawarar kwayoyin halitta na iya taimaka muku fahimtar haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kwayar halitta a cikin ɗanku.Shin za a iya warkar da ciwon Rhabdoid? Yaya makomar yaron za ta kasance?
Likitan da ke kula da yaronka zai iya ba ka amsar wannan tambayar. Duk da haka,Abin takaici, yawancin yara masu cutar rhabdoid mai tsanani ba sa rayuwa fiye da shekaru kaɗan. Duk da haka, idan aka gano yaron bayan shekara 2 , hasashen zai iya zama ɗan kyau. Adadin rayuwa ga wannan ciwon ya dogara ne akan abubuwa da yawa:- Shekarun yaron.
- Inda ciwon daji yake a jikin yaron.
- Ko ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
- Nawa aka cire daga cikin ciwon daji ta hanyar tiyata.
- Yadda yaron zai mayar da martani ga magungunan ciwon daji.
Abu ne na al'ada a ji babban nauyi da baƙin ciki idan ka ji irin wannan abu. Amma ka tuna, ba kai kaɗai ba ne.
Me ya kamata in tambayi likitan?
Abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare a yi tambayoyi da yawa idan ka gano cewa ɗanka yana da cutar kansa. Ga wasu tambayoyi da za ka tuna ka yi a lokacin:- Wane irin ciwon daji ne ɗana yake da shi?
- Menene matakin ciwon daji na ɗana?
- Wadanne gwaje-gwaje ya kamata ɗana ya yi?
- Waɗanne hanyoyi ne ake bi don magance cutar kansar da ɗana ke fama da ita?
- Mene ne damar wannan maganin ya yi nasara?
- Wadanne gwaje-gwaje na asibiti ne ake da su don ɗana ya shiga ciki?
- Ta yaya za mu san ko maganin ya yi nasara?
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