Bari mu san game da adadin platelets ɗin ku? Bambancin da abubuwan da ya kamata ku sani

Shin kun taɓa ganin ƙima mai suna 'PLT' lokacin da kuka duba rahoton Cikakken Kididdigar Jini? Ko kuma kun taɓa samun ƙaramin rauni wanda ke haifar da babban rauni, ko zubar da jini a cikin danshi lokacin goge haƙoranku? Duk waɗannan na iya alaƙa da ƙaramin rukuni na ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin jininku da ake kira platelets. Ana kuma kiran su da thrombocytes. Don haka, a yau za mu yi magana game da menene waɗannan platelets da abin da ke faruwa idan suka yi ƙasa sosai.

To, menene waɗannan platelets?

A taƙaice dai, ƙwayoyin platelets ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta ne a cikin jininmu waɗanda ake samarwa a cikin ƙashin ƙashinmu. Babban aikinsu shine dakatar da zubar jini idan muka ji rauni. Ka yi tunanin yadda jininka zai tsaya bayan ɗan lokaci kaɗan idan ka yanke hannunka. A wannan lokacin, waɗannan ƙwayoyin platelets suna zuwa kamar jarumai, suna haɗuwa don samar da gudan jini, kuma su rufe raunin. Kamar ƙungiyar ƙananan injina ne ke gaggawa don gyara bututun da ya karye.

Yaya ake auna yawan platelet?

Ana auna adadin platelets ta hanyar gwajin jini na yau da kullun. Ana auna wannan a cikin gwajin Cikakken Kididdigar Blood (CBC) da muke yi akai-akai. Wannan zai iya duba adadin platelets a cikin jini tare da farin jini da jajayen ƙwayoyin halitta.

Bari mu dubi yadda ya kamata adadin platelets ya kasance a cikin jinin mutum mai lafiya.

Bari mu yi magana game da ƙananan ƙwayoyin platelets (Thrombocytopenia)

Idan adadin platelets ɗinka bai kai 150,000 ba, likitoci suna kiran wannan yanayin da thrombocytopenia. Wannan shine lokacin da ba ka da isasshen platelets da za su dakatar da zubar jini bayan rauni.

Menene alamun cutar?

A wasu lokutan, ƙaramin raguwar ƙwayoyin platelets ba zai haifar da wata alama ba. Duk da haka, idan adadin ya ragu sosai, za ku iya lura da abubuwa kamar:

• Kurajen fuska cikin sauƙi: Ko da ƙaramin ƙuraje na iya haifar da manyan kurajen fuska masu launin shuɗi/shuɗi.
• Zubar da jini mai wahalar tsayawa: Zubar da jini a dashen hakori yayin goge haƙora, yawan zubar da jini a hanci, zubar jini mai tsawo har ma da ƙaramin rauni.
• Zubar jini a cikin jiki: Jini a cikin fitsari, jini a cikin bayan gida (bayan gida na iya zama baƙi), jini a cikin amai (yana iya kama da garin kofi).
• Tabo ja a fata: Ƙananan tabo ja, lebur, da aka yi da jini da ke kwarara daga jijiyoyin jini a ƙarƙashin fata.
• Tabo masu launin shunayya a fata: Manyan tabo masu launin shunayya, ja, launin ruwan kasa-rawaya (Purpura) da ke faruwa sakamakon zubar jini a ƙarƙashin fata.
• Gajiya da rauni mai yawa.
• Zubar jini mai yawa a lokacin al'ada ga mata.
• Kumburin ƙashi ko hanta.

Me yasa platelets ke raguwa?

Akwai manyan dalilai guda uku da ke haifar da ƙarancin platelets:

1. Bargon ƙashi baya samar da isasshen ƙwayoyin platelets.

2. Rushewa ko amfani da platelets cikin sauri ta jiki.

3. Saifa tana riƙe ƙwayoyin platelets kuma ba ta sakin su lokacin da ake buƙata.

Waɗannan su ne wasu daga cikin cututtuka da abubuwan da ke haifar da waɗannan yanayi:

• Cututtukan ƙashi: Yanayi masu wuya kamar Aplastic Anemia, ciwon daji na jini kamar Leukemia ko Lymphoma.
• Maganin ciwon daji: Chemotherapy da radiation na iya lalata ƙashin ƙashi.
• Rashin sinadarin bitamin: Idan bitamin B12 da folate suka yi ƙasa, yana da wuya ga bargon ƙashi ya samar da platelets.
• Yanayin garkuwar jiki: A cikin cututtuka kamar Lupus da Rheumatoid Arthritis, tsarin garkuwar jiki yana kai hari da lalata ƙwayoyin halittarsa ​​cikin kuskure.
• Cututtuka: Cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar HIV, Hepatitis C, da wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Wasu magunguna:Wasu magunguna, kamar Heparin da Quinine, na iya haifar da lalata platelets.
• Cututtuka kamar cirrhosis na hanta: Waɗannan na iya sa saifa ta kumbura kuma ƙwayoyin platelets su makale a ciki.
• Shan barasa fiye da kima.
• Wasu manyan tiyata: Misali, tiyatar zuciya.

Bari mu kuma koyi game da ƙaruwar platelets (Thrombocythemia/Thrombocytosis)

Adadin platelets sama da 450,000 shi ma matsala ce. Wannan na iya haifar da samuwar toshewar jini da ba a so . Waɗannan toshewar jini na iya makale a cikin jijiyoyin jini kuma suna haifar da yanayi masu haɗari kamar bugun zuciya, bugun jini, da kuma bugun zuciya na huhu.

Akwai nau'i biyu na wannan yanayin:

• Babban Thrombocythemia: Wannan yana faruwa ne sakamakon rashin samar da platelets a cikin ƙashi. Wannan yawanci yana faruwa ne sakamakon canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halitta.
• Thrombocytosis na Biyu: Wannan shine nau'in thrombocytosis da aka fi sani, inda ake motsa bargon ƙashi don samar da ƙarin platelets saboda wata cuta ta lafiya (misali, kamuwa da cuta, ƙarancin ƙarfe).

Alamomin yawanci ana iya ganin su a matakin farko. Misalan sun haɗa da:

• Jan ja, ƙonewa, da kuma jin kasala a hannuwa da ƙafafu.
• Ciwon ƙirji.
• Ciwon kai, jiri, rauni.
• Canje-canje a hangen nesa.
• Zubar jini (ko da yake akwai platelets da yawa, wani lokacin ba sa aiki yadda ya kamata).

Me za a yi idan platelets ba su da yawa?

Maganin ƙarancin ƙwayoyin platelets ya dogara ne da musabbabin da kuma tsananin alamun. Likitan ku zai tantance mafi kyawun magani.

• Maganin musabbabin: Idan magani yana haifar da ƙarancin adadin platelets, ana iya dakatar da wannan maganin kuma a ba da wani. Idan akwai ƙarancin ƙarfe ko bitamin, ana iya ba da ƙarin abinci.
• Magunguna: Ana iya ba da magunguna kamar 'Corticosteroids' (misali Prednisone) don ƙara yawan platelets, magunguna kamar 'Eltrombopag' da 'Romiplostim' don ƙara yawan platelets a cikin ƙashi, da kuma magunguna kamar 'Immunoglobulin' don hana jiki lalata platelets.
• Zubar da jini ko platelet: Idan akwai zubar jini ko kuma idan matakin platelet ya yi ƙasa sosai, za a iya yin ƙarin platelet na waje.
• Gyaran ƙashi: Idan wasu jiyya ba su yi nasara ba kuma saifa tana lalata platelets, likitanka zai iya ba da shawarar a cire saifa ta hanyar tiyata .