E aʻo kākou e pili ana i kahi puka liʻiliʻi i loko o kou puʻuwai? ʻO ia ka Pulmonary Valve!

Aloha! Pehea ʻoe? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ko kākou puʻuwai, akā ʻo ia paha ka mea a kākou e kamaʻilio nui ʻole ai. Ua like ia me ka puka i ko kākou hale. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he valve pulmonary. E nānā kākou i ka mea e hana ʻia ma o kēia puka liʻiliʻi, a pehea kona koʻikoʻi.

He aha ka Pulmonary Valve? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou!

E noʻonoʻo i kou puʻuwai e like me kahi hale liʻiliʻi me ʻehā lumi. I mea e kahe ai ke koko mai kekahi lumi a i kekahi, pono e loaʻa nā puka, ʻeā? Pēlā ke ʻano o ka valve pulmonary. ʻO ia kekahi o nā valve ʻehā o ka puʻuwai. I ka pololei, ʻo ia ka 'puka' e lawe i ke koko nele i ka oxygen mai ka lumi ʻākau haʻahaʻa o kou puʻuwai (i kapa ʻia ʻo "ventricle ʻākau") i ka "aʻa pulmonary nui", ke kīʻaha koko nui e lawe ana i ke koko nele i ka oxygen i nā māmā. Ke hiki kēia koko i nā māmā, lawe ia i ka oxygen. A laila, hele kēlā koko waiwai i ka oxygen i ke koena o ke kino. No laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ke koʻikoʻi o ka hana pono ʻana o kēia puka? ʻO ka valve pulmonary, me kekahi valve i loko o ko kākou puʻuwai, ʻo ka "valve aortic", ua kapa ʻia ʻo "semilunar valves" . ʻO kēia no ka mea ua like ke ʻano o nā flaps (e like me nā doorknobs) ma kēia mau valves me nā crescents. Hoʻomalu kēia mau valves crescent i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko mai nā lumi haʻahaʻa (ventricles) o ko kākou puʻuwai i nā kīʻaha koko nui (arteries). Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke lohe iā lākou i kapa ʻia ʻo ka Pulmonic valve. He mau inoa lāua ʻelua no ka mea hoʻokahi.

No laila he aha ka hana a kēia valve pulmonary?

ʻO ka hana nui o kēia kiwikā pulmonary, e like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻo ia ke kāohi i ke kahe o ke koko nele i ka oxygen mai ka ventricle ʻākau o ka puʻuwai a i ke aʻa pulmonary nui. E nānā kākou pehea e hana ai kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku:

• I kēlā me kēia manawa e paʻi ai kou puʻuwai, wehe a pani ʻia kēia kiwikā pulmonary, e like me ka puka.
• Ke ʻūmiʻi kou ventricle ʻākau (ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ka "systolic phase" ma nā ʻōlelo lapaʻau), wehe ka valve pulmonary. ʻO kēia ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ke koko e kahe i waho o ka puʻuwai, i nā māmā.
• A laila, i ka wā e 'hoʻomaha' ai ka puʻuwai no kekahi manawa (ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo ka "diastolic phase" a i ʻole ka relaxation phase), e pani ʻia ka valve pulmonary. He mea nui loa kēia. No ka mea, inā ʻaʻole ia e pani ʻia e like me kēia, hiki i ke koko i hele i nā māmā ke hoʻi hou i loko o ka puʻuwai. ʻAʻole maikaʻi kēlā.
• No laila, i ka wā e pani ʻia ai kēia valve, e hoʻopiha ʻia ka ventricle ʻākau me ke koko e pono ai e ʻūlū i ka manawa aʻe.

E noʻonoʻo e like me ka piula wai. Wehe ʻoe iā ia ke pono ʻoe a lawe i ka wai, a pani ʻoe iā ia ke pau ʻoe. A i ʻole, e hoʻonele ʻia ka wai. Hoʻomalu pū ka valve pulmonary i ke kahe o ke koko ma ke ʻano like.

ʻO ke kuleana kūikawā o ka valve pulmonary i ke kaʻina hana Ross

Ma waho aʻe o ke kāohi maʻamau ʻana i ke kahe koko, hiki i kēia kiwikā pulmonary ke hana i kahi hana kūikawā ʻē aʻe. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he pani ke lilo ka kiwikā koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe i loko o ko kākou puʻuwai, ʻo ka `(aortic valve),` i maʻi a ʻaʻole hiki ke hana pono. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo `(Ross procedure)` . He ʻoki kino paʻakikī iki kēia. Hana ʻia ia i kekahi mau keiki a me nā mākua ma lalo o 60 makahiki me `( Aortic Valve Disease )`. Ma kēia ʻoki kino, wehe ke kauka ʻoki i kou `(aortic valve)` maʻi a hoʻololi iā ia me kāu kiwikā pulmonary olakino ponoʻī. A laila, hoʻoili ʻia kahi kiwikā pulmonary mai kekahi mea ʻē aʻe ( mea hāʻawi ) i loko ou. ʻO kāu kiwikā pulmonary ponoʻī he pani maikaʻi no ka kiwikā aortic no ka mea ua like loa ke ʻano a me ka hana o nā mea ʻelua. ʻO ia ke kumu e lōʻihi ai ka manawa.

ʻAuhea pololei kēia kiwikā pulmonary?

Aia kēia i loko o kou puʻuwai. E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ua like kēia me ka pilina ma waena o kou ventricle ʻākau a me ke aʻa pulmonary, ke aʻa nui e lawe ana i ke koko i kou mau māmā. Aia ia ma ka ʻākau o, a ma mua iki o, ka valve aortic, ʻo ia kekahi valve nui i loko o ka puʻuwai.

He aha ke ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke ʻano, o ka valve pulmonary?

ʻEkolu mau cusps a flaps nui ko ka valve pulmonary. ʻO ka wehe ʻana a me ka pani ʻana o kēia mau flaps e kāohi i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau flaps ʻekolu ʻo ka anterior cusp, ka cusp hema, a me ka cusp ʻākau. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau flaps i kahi apo fibrous ikaika iki o ka ʻiʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo ka annulus. Ke hoʻomaha ka puʻuwai (ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā diastolic), pili pono kēia mau flaps ʻekolu a pani loa i ka valve. Pale kēia i ke koko mai ke kahe ʻana i hope i loko o ka ventricle ʻākau (regurgitation).

He aha nā maʻi a me nā kūlana e hoʻopilikia ai i ka valve pulmonary?

Hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi valve pulmonary ma nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ka hapa nui, he mau maʻi puʻuwai hānau kēia. ʻO ke ʻano kēia e loaʻa paha iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu pēpē kēia mau pilikia i ka wā hānau. Eia naʻe, he kakaikahi, hiki ke ulu aʻe nā pilikia me kēia valve ma hope o ke ola. ʻO kēia ma muli o nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe o ka pulmonary . ʻO kekahi o nā kūlana e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka valve pulmonary:

• ʻO ka atresia pulmonary: He maʻi puʻuwai kēia i loaʻa i ka wā hānau. Hana ʻia kēia i ka wā ʻaʻole i ulu pono ka valve pulmonary o ka pēpē, a i ʻole ua ālai ʻia kona puka e nā ʻiʻo. Hoʻoulu kēia i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka puʻuwai o ka pēpē. Hoʻoulu kēiaI ka wā hānau, hiki i ke pēpē ke lilo i polū ( cyanosis ) (ʻo ia hoʻi, haʻahaʻa nā pae oxygen).
• Tetralogy o Fallot: He maʻi puʻuwai hānau nō hoʻi kēia. Hoʻopilikia kēia maʻi i kahi 1 i loko o 2,500 mau pēpē i hānau ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. I kēia hihia, ʻehā mau ʻano ʻē o ka pēpē i loko o ka puʻuwai. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau ʻano ʻē, ʻo ia ka stenosis pulmonary (ka haiki ʻana o ka valve pulmonary a me ke aʻa pulmonary nui). He ʻano koʻikoʻi kēia no ka mea e kaupalena ana i ka nui o ke koko waiwai oxygen e kaʻapuni ana ma ke kino o ka pēpē. Pono maoli nā pēpē me kēia ʻano i ke ʻoki ʻana.
• ʻO ka stenosis valve pulmonary: He ʻano haiki kēia o ka valve. Loaʻa pinepine kēia i ka wā hānau. ʻIke pinepine ʻia hoʻi i nā pēpē me Tetralogy of Fallot. Aia nā kaʻina hana minimally invasive e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e wehe i ka valve ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau. Pono paha kekahi poʻe e hoʻololi i ka valve. He mea kākaʻikahi loa ia no kekahi mea i hānau ʻia me kahi valve pulmonary olakino e loaʻa ka stenosis pulmonary ma hope o ke ola.
• ʻAʻohe kiwikā pulmonary: He maʻi puʻuwai hānau nō hoʻi kēia. Hoʻopilikia ia ma kahi o 1 i loko o 50,000 mau pēpē. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ia i nā pēpē me Tetralogy of Fallot. ʻO kēia ka wā e nalowale ai nā leaflet/flaps o ka kiwikā pulmonary o ka pēpē a i ʻole ʻaʻole i ulu pono. Hoʻopilikia kēia i ka wehe ʻana o ka kiwikā (stenosis) a kahe ke koko i hope (regurgitation). Hoʻopilikia kēia i ke koko e kahe hou i loko o ka ventricle ʻākau mai ke aʻa nui o ka pēpē a i nā māmā (pulmonary trunk). Pono e mālama ʻia kēia maʻi i ka wā ʻōpiopio o ke ola.
• ʻO ka regurgitation o ka valve pulmonary (pulmonic): ʻO kēia ka wā e kahe ai ke koko ma o ka valve. ʻO ka maʻamau kēia ma muli o ke koko kiʻekiʻe o ka pulmonary i nā poʻe ʻelemakule a i ʻole ma muli o ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hana i kekahi poʻe i hana ʻia ke ʻoki kino no Tetralogy of Fallot. Hana ʻia kēia i ka wā ʻaʻole e pani piha ka valve pulmonary i kēlā me kēia manawa e paʻi ai ka puʻuwai. ʻO ka hopena, i ka wā e hoʻomaha ai ka puʻuwai, kahe hou kekahi koko i loko o ka ventricle ʻākau mai ke aʻa pulmonary. Loaʻa i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe nā hōʻailona liʻiliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe nā hōʻailona waena a koʻikoʻi paha e pono ai ka mālama ʻana. Inā mau kēia ʻano leaka no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui a hāʻule ka ventricle ʻākau, a me ka pehu (edema).

Hiki ke ola me ka ʻole o kahi kiwikā pulmonary?

ʻAuē. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa ka valve pulmonary e hoʻouna ana i ke koko i nā māmā a kōkua i kēlā koko e loaʻa ka oxygen.ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke ola me ka ʻole o kahi kiwikā e hana pono ana. Hiki i nā pēpē a me nā keiki me nā maʻi kiwikā pulmonary koʻikoʻi ke loaʻa kahi ola pōkole inā ʻaʻole lākou e mālama pono ʻia. No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki kahi maʻi kiwikā pulmonary, he mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā koho lapaʻau a me ka lōʻihi o ke ola.

Pehea e mālama ai i ke olakino o koʻu valve pulmonary?

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia nā pilikia o ka valve puʻuwai i nā manawa a pau, ʻoiai nā mea i loaʻa i ka wā hānau. Akā, ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻo ka hahai ʻana i kahi nohona olakino puʻuwai hiki ke kōkua nui i ka mālama ʻana i kāu mau valve a me ka puʻuwai i ka hana maikaʻi. Eia kekahi mau mea e hiki ke kōkua:

• E hoʻōki loa i ka puhipaka, ka vaping, a me nā huahana paka āpau. E noi i kāu kauka no ke kōkua e hoʻōki.
• E hōʻemi i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona , a i ʻole e hoʻōki loa.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai olakino no ka puʻuwai. (E kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia ma kahi ʻatikala ʻokoʻa!)
• E hoʻoikaika kino mau e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka. Pono ka hapa nui o ka poʻe e hana ma kahi o 150 mau minuke o ka hoʻoikaika kino ikaika i kēlā me kēia pule, e like me ka hele wāwae.
• E kāohi i nā kūlana e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe.
• E lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka me ka pololei a me ka manawa kūpono.
• E hana i kahi nānā olakino ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki.
• Inā hāpai ʻoe, e hōʻoia e hele i nā keʻena lapaʻau obstetrics a me gynecology kūpono a loaʻa ka mālama e pono ai. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hiki ai ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai hānau i kāu pēpē hānau hou.

ʻO ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana i ke ʻano o kou puʻuwai hiki ke manaʻo nui ʻia i kekahi manawa, ʻoiai inā ʻike ʻia ʻoe a i ʻole kāu keiki me ka maʻi puʻuwai. He nui ka ʻike e lawe koke ʻia. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i nā valve e lawe ai i ke koko i hea, a pehea e pili ai ka maʻi puʻuwai i ke kahe koko. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, aia mau kāu kauka ma laila e kōkua iā ʻoe e aʻo i kēia mau mea a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka ʻike āu e pono ai. Mai kānalua e nīnau iā lākou i kāu mau nīnau.

Leka Hoʻihoʻi Hope Loa

No laila, i kēia manawa ua maopopo iā ʻoe he ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa ka Pulmonary Valve, akā he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa ia o ko kākou puʻuwai. Ua like ia me kahi 'puka' e kaohi ana i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko nele i ka oxygen mai ka puʻuwai a i nā māmā.ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, he mau pilikia hānau kēia mau kīwila. Akā i kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke ulu aʻe ma hope o ke ola. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau kūpono a me ka mālama ʻana inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia maʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke ola ʻana i kahi nohona olakino e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ko mākou puʻuwai a me kēia mau kīwila i ke olakino. Inā he mau nīnau hou kāu a i ʻole kekahi āu i ʻike ai e pili ana i kēia, mai kānalua e kamaʻilio me ke kauka. E loaʻa i nā mea a pau ka puʻuwai olakino!