Ke kamaʻilio ʻoe e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes, ua lohe paha ʻoe e pili ana i ʻelua ʻano, ʻo ke ʻano 1 a me ke ʻano 2, ʻeā? Manaʻo ka hapa nui o mākou he pili wale nō ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio, a pili wale nō ka Type 2 i nā pākeke. Akā, ʻaʻole ia he ʻoiaʻiʻo loa. Hiki ke ulu pū ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 i ka wā makua. Hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻopoina i kēia i kekahi manawa, a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka lohi o ka hana ʻana i kahi hōʻailona pololei. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia kumuhana koʻikoʻi.
He aha ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 i ka wā makua?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like kēia me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1. Akā hoʻomaka ia i ka wā makua. ʻO ka pancreas kahi ʻōkana i loko o ko mākou kino e hana ana i kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo insulin. Kōkua kēia insulin i nā ʻāpana o ke kino e omo i ke kō (glucose) i loko o ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai no ka ikehu.
ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1 ke hoʻouka hewa ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ko mākou kino a luku i nā cell e hana ana i ka insulin. He maʻi autoimmune kēia. Ke ulu ia i nā pākeke, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) .
Hoʻomaka pinepine kēia maʻi ma hope o 30 mau makahiki. No ka mea ua like loa kona mau hōʻailona me ka maʻi diabetes Type 2, ua kuhi hewa ʻia ka nui o ka poʻe he maʻi diabetes Type 2. Akā he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea ʻelua a loaʻa ka lāʻau kūpono nou.
He ʻokoʻa anei kēia mai ke ʻano 1 e kū mai ana i nā keiki?
E noʻonoʻo i kēia ʻano: ʻO LADA a me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 o ke keiki ua like ia me ʻelua mau huapalapala i ka moʻolelo hoʻokahi. Pili nā mea ʻelua i ka ʻōnaehana pale e hoʻouka ana i ka pancreas. Akā ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui ka wikiwiki o ka holomua ʻana o ka maʻi.
- ʻO ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1 i nā keiki: Hoʻomohala koke kēia. Hoʻopau koke ʻia nā pūnaewele i loko o ka pancreas, a ua pau ka hana ʻana o ka insulin. No laila, ʻike koke ʻia nā hōʻailona, a pono e hoʻomaka koke ʻia nā inikini insulin.
- LADA hoʻomaka makua: Lohi loa ka ulu ʻana o kēia. Hoʻopau mālie ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka pancreas. No laila, hana ke kino i kekahi insulin i nā pae mua. No kēia kumu, ua kuhihewa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia he Type 2. Ua kapa pū kekahi mau kauka iā ia he "diabetes Type 1.5."
He aha nā kumu o kēia kūlana?
ʻAʻole maopopo loa ke kumu kikoʻī e hoʻouka ai kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī i ka pancreas, akā ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia he kuleana ko kekahi mau kumu.
- Ka mana hoʻoilina: Inā loaʻa i kou mau mākua ka maʻi diabetes Type 1, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana iā ia.
- Nā maʻi a i ʻole nā kumu kaiapuni:Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi viral a i ʻole nā mea ʻawahia i ke kaiapuni ke hoʻoulu i kēia kaʻina hana pale.
- ʻAno nohona: ʻAʻole e like me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 i nā keiki, hiki i kekahi mau ʻano nohona ke hoʻopilikia i ka LADA i nā pākeke. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka momona, ka nele i ka hoʻoikaika kino, ka puhipaka, a me ka inu ʻona e hoʻonui i ka pilikia.
He aha nā hōʻailona e hiki ke ʻike ʻia?
I kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano me ka ʻole o nā hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, ua like nā hōʻailona maʻamau me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes Type 2. Hiki ke ʻike mālie ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o kekahi mau mahina.
| Hōʻailona | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Ka makewai nui a me ka pōloli | ʻAʻole ʻoe e māʻona me ka nānā ʻole i ka nui o ka wai āu e inu ai a i ʻole ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai. |
| Mimi pinepine | ʻO ka pono pinepine e mimi, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka pō. |
| Luhi maʻamau ʻole | Manaʻo luhi a nāwaliwali i nā manawa a pau me ke kumu ʻole. |
| Ka emi koke ʻana o ke kaumaha | ʻO ka pohō kaumaha me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻai a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika kino. |
| ʻIke pōwehiwehi | Nā loli i ka ʻike, ka hiki ʻole ke ʻike maopopo. |
| Nā maʻi pinepine | Nā maʻi hū pinepine o ka ʻili, ka ʻōpū urinary, a i ʻole ka vagina i nā wahine. |
| Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe | Hanu hua, mae wale nā lālā, ʻili maloʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. |
Pehea lā e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia?
I kekahi manawa, he mea paʻakikī ke ʻike i ka maʻi diabetes type 1 i kahi pākeke. ʻO kēia no ka mea e ʻike lohi ʻia nā hōʻailona, a no ka mea hiki ke ulu i nā poʻe o ke kaumaha maʻamau ʻaʻole momona, e like me nā poʻe he nui me ka maʻi diabetes type 2, ʻoiai ke kauka ʻaʻole paha e kānalua i ka wā mua.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi diabetes, e ʻike koke i ke kauka a hana i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai.
Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e nānā i ka maʻi diabetes:
- Hoʻāʻo hemoglobin glycated (A1c): Nānā kēia i kou pae kō koko awelika i nā mahina 2-3 i hala.
- Hoʻāʻo kō koko hoʻokē ʻai: He hoʻāʻo i hana ʻia i ke kakahiaka ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole ka inu ʻana i kekahi mea.
- Hoʻāʻo kō koko maʻamau: He hoʻāʻo i hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā.
Ke hōʻoia kēia mau hoʻokolohua i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kūikawā hou aʻe e hoʻoholo ai inā he Type 1 (LADA) a i ʻole Type 2.
- Hoʻāʻo Antibody: Hoʻāʻo kēia i ke koko no ke alo o nā antibodies kikoʻī (autoantibodies) i ʻike ʻia ma ka maʻi diabetes Type 1. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano 2.
- Hoʻāʻo C-peptide: ʻO C-peptide kekahi mea ʻē aʻe a ko mākou kino e hana ai i ka insulin. ʻO nā pae haʻahaʻa o kēia mea ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole lawa ka insulin e hana ʻia nei. Haʻahaʻa nā pae C-peptide ma LADA, akā ma ke ʻano 2, hiki iā lākou ke maʻamau a kiʻekiʻe paha.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?
Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me LADA, ʻo ka pahuhopu nui o ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ia ke kaohi i kou pae kō koko a hoʻolohi i ka maʻi mai ka lilo ʻana i mea ʻino.
I nā pae mua, ʻaʻole pono paha nā inikini insulin. Hiki ke kāohi ʻia ka maʻi me ka ʻai olakino, ka hoʻoikaika kino mau , a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi diabetes (e.g., `Metformin`, `Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)`).
Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e emi ai ka hana o ka pancreas i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, pono paha ka lāʻau lapaʻau insulin. Pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā me kāu kauka i ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau kūpono loa iā ʻoe.
Nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona
- Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e hoʻōki.
- Inā kaumaha loa, e hoʻēmi i ke kaumaha.
- E hoʻoikaika kino no ka liʻiliʻi he 150 mau minuke i ka pule.(Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻoikaika kino a loaʻa ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka pehea e kaohi ai i kāu mau pae kō koko i ka wā e hoʻoikaika kino ana).
- E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a meaʻai meaʻai paha e pili ana i kahi papaʻai kūpono no ka maʻi diabetes.
He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana inā ʻaʻole i kaohi ʻia?
E like me nā maʻi diabetes āpau, hiki i ka LADA ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi lōʻihi inā ʻaʻole i kāohi pono ʻia. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i kou pae kō koko i kāohi maikaʻi ʻia hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ka pilikia o kēia mau pilikia.
- Nā pilikia maka (e like me ka glaucoma)
- Maʻi puʻupaʻa
- Maʻi puʻuwai, ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka hahau ʻana
- Ka pōʻino o ke aʻalolo
- Nā ʻeha wāwae a me nā maʻi
No laila, he mea nui loa e ʻike i ke kauka i ka manawa kūpono, e lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha, a e nānā pinepine i kou pae kō koko.
Leka Lawe-Home
- Hiki ke ulu aʻe ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 1 i nā pākeke. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults).
- Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia e kahi pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana pale a ulu mālie aʻe ma mua o ke ʻano 1, kahi e kū nei i nā keiki.
- Ma muli o ke ʻano like o nā hōʻailona me ka maʻi diabetes Type 2, ua kuhi hewa pinepine ʻia.
- Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua koko ke nānā i nā pae kō a me nā antibodies kikoʻī e hāʻawi i kahi hōʻailona pololei.
- Hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke komo pū me nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nohona, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, nā inikini insulin. E hahai mau i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.
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