Ke luhi nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa a palaualelo no ke kumu ʻole? Malia paha ua lilo kou ʻili i mea keʻokeʻo a melemele paha. Aia kekahi mau manawa ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ke kumu o kēia hana, ʻeā? ʻO kekahi kumu o kēia mau hōʻailona, ʻo ia paha ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o kou kino, nā koa e pale aku iā ʻoe mai nā maʻi, e hoʻouka ana i kāu mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ponoʻī. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he 'Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia' (AIHA) i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, kuhi hewa ka ʻōnaehana pale o kou kino i kāu mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ponoʻī he "ʻenemi" a luku iā lākou. ʻOiai he mea koʻikoʻi iki kēia, hiki ke mālama maikaʻi ʻia me ka mālama pono ʻana . Eia naʻe, inā waiho ʻole ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. No laila, he mea nui loa ka makaʻala i kēia a ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo lapaʻau i ka wā hikiwawe. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī hou aku.
He aha ka `Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia` (AIHA)?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka `Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia` (AIHA) he ʻano ia e kuhi hewa ai kāu ʻōnaehana pale i kāu mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ponoʻī he "haole," ʻo ia hoʻi he mea ʻino i ke kino. ʻO ka hopena, hana kou kino i nā antibodies e luku i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Hoʻopili kēia mau antibodies i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a luku iā lākou. He aha ka mea e hana ʻia a laila? E emi ana ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o kou kino. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "anemia."
E noʻonoʻo, ʻo ka mea e hana nei ma ʻaneʻi ua like ia me ka pūʻali koa e pale ana i ko mākou ʻāina, e hoʻouka hewa ana i ko mākou poʻe kamaʻāina ponoʻī. He mea paʻakikī iki kēia, akā ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka AIHA mua a me ka AIHA lua?
ʻElua ʻano nui o ka AIHA ma muli o ke ʻano o kona hana ʻana.
- AIHA Mua: I kekahi manawa, hiki i ka AIHA ke ulu me ka ʻole o kekahi kūlana olakino maopopo. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu i hiki koke mai ai. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo AIHA mua.
- ʻO ka AIHA lua: ʻO kekahi ʻano AIHA ke kumu ʻia ka AIHA e kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe. No ka laʻana, hiki ke kumu ʻia e kekahi mau maʻi viral, nā maʻi autoimmune (kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino i kona mau ʻiʻo ponoʻī), kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau, a i ʻole kahi maʻi kanesa koko e like me ka lymphoma.
He aha nā ʻano nui o AIHA?
ʻElua ʻano nui o ka AIHA. ʻO ia hoʻi ka "Warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia" a me ka "Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia" . Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau mea e like me ke ʻano o nā antibodies i pili i ka maʻi. ʻO ia hoʻi, ua loaʻa ka inoa mai ka mahana e hana ai nā antibodies e hoʻouka ana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
ʻO ka anemia hemolytic autoimmune mahana
ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka AIHA. Maanei, hoʻopaʻa nā antibodies o ke ʻano `IgG` i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka mea kūikawā, hana kēia mau antibodies i ka mahana maʻamau o ko mākou kino (ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o kahi "mehana"). Hoʻomaka pinepine nā hōʻailona e ʻike mālie ʻia, ma luna o kekahi mau pule. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia, hiki i nā hōʻailona ke lilo i mea koʻikoʻi i loko o kekahi mau lā.
ʻO ka anemia hemolytic autoimmune anu
ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano ma 10% a 20% wale nō o nā maʻi AIHA. Pili ia i kahi ʻano autoantibody i kapa ʻia ʻo `IgM`. Hoʻopaʻa kēia mau autoantibodies i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ke emi ka mahana o kou koko ma mua o ka mahana o ke kino, i kapa ʻia ʻo ``anuanu``. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kēia mahana ``anuanu'' mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, no kekahi poʻe, hiki ke hoʻāla ʻia kēia mau antibodies ke anu iki lākou, a no kekahi poʻe, pono paha lākou e anu loa.
ʻO wai ka mea i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia e kēia maʻi AIHA?
Hiki ke ulu ka AIHA i loko o kekahi, me ka nānā ʻole i ka makahiki a i ʻole ke kāne. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ke ʻano i nā wahine ma luna o 40 mau makahiki .
ʻOiai he mea maʻamau ia, he maʻi kakaikahi ka AIHA. Hoʻopilikia ia i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha kānaka i kēlā me kēia haneli tausani i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka AIHA?
Hiki i ka AIHA ke hana i nā ʻano hōʻailona like ʻole. He mea maʻamau loa kekahi, a ʻokoʻa kekahi ma muli o ke ʻano o ka AIHA āu e loaʻa ai.
Eia kekahi mau hōʻailona maʻamau:
- kuni
- Luhi nui loa (luhi loa e hana maikaʻi i kekahi mea)
- Nāwaliwali
- Nā palpitations o ka puʻuwai
- Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (ʻoiai me ka hoʻoikaika iki ʻana)
- ʻIli keʻokeʻo (e like me ka wā he haʻahaʻa ke koko)
- Jaundice (melemele o ka ʻili a me nā maka)
- ʻEha poʻo (ʻeha poʻo)
- ʻEha ʻiʻo
- ʻO ka mimi ʻeleʻele (e like me ka wai tī)
- Ka luaʻi a me ka nausea
- Pōkole o ka hanu
- Ka maʻi pākī
- ʻEha alelo
- Nā Palpitations (ke manaʻo nei i ka nui o ka puʻuwai e hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe)
E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha o kēia mau hōʻailona ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he AIHA kou. Akā inā hoʻomau kēia mau hōʻailona, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ʻike ʻana i ke kauka.
Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona, ma muli o ke ʻano o AIHA:
ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka AIHA mahana ma:
- Luhi
- Pōʻino
- Jaundice (melemele o ka ʻili)
- Ke manaʻo nei i ka puʻuwai
Hiki i ke anu AIHA ke hana i nā hōʻailona e like me:
- Luhi
- Pōʻino
- Nā lima a me nā wāwae anu (manaʻo anuanu ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe)
- ʻĀʻī
- ʻEha umauma
- ʻEha ma ke kua o nā wāwae
- ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Raynaud (kahi ʻano e lilo ai nā manamana lima a me nā manamana wāwae i keʻokeʻo/polū a mae i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia ai ke anu)
- ʻO ke kala polū o nā lima a me nā wāwae
- Nā ʻano ʻino o ka puʻuwai `(Arrhythmia)`
- Ke lohe nei i ka ʻōhumu puʻuwai
- Ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai (aia kēia i nā hihia koʻikoʻi)
He aha nā kumu o ka AIHA?
Ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā maʻi āpau me AIHA (ma kahi o 50%), ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ke kumu pololei . Kāhea mākou i kēia "idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia." ʻO ia hoʻi "ʻaʻohe kumu i ʻike ʻia."
Ma ka hapalua ʻē aʻe, pili ʻo AIHA me nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke hana iā AIHA:
Aia kekahi mau maʻi autoimmune e hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka AIHA lua. ʻO ia hoʻi, nā maʻi ʻē aʻe kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino i nā ʻāpana olakino ponoʻī o ke kino.
- Lupus : He maʻi kēia e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole, e like me ka ʻili, nā hono, nā puʻupaʻa, a me ka lolo.
- ʻO ka ʻāʻī Rheumatoid : He kūlana e hoʻopilikia nui ai i nā hono, e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻeha a me ka pehu.
- ʻO ka maʻi Sjogren : ʻO nā maka maloʻo a me ka waha nā hōʻailona nui.
- Maʻi thyroid : Ke kaulike ʻole o nā hormones thyroid.
- ʻO ka colitis ulcerative : Ka mumū a me ka ʻōpū o ka colon.
- ʻO ka maʻi Hashimoto : ʻO kahi kūlana kahi e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale i ka kelepa thyroid.
I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia ka AIHA e kahi maʻi viral . Eia nō naʻe, hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine kēia anemia ke hoʻopau ʻia ka maʻi viral. ʻO kekahi mau virus e pili paha me ka AIHA:
- ʻO ka maʻi Epstein-Barr (ka maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i ka mononucleosis)
- Ka maʻi ahulau
- Nā ʻūpā
- ʻO Rubella
- ʻO ka niumonia atypical
- ʻO ka maʻi Varicella, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka moa
- ʻO ka maʻi HIV
- Hepatitis (nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia pono ana i ke akepaʻa)
- ʻO ka maʻi Cytomegalovirus (Cytomegalovirus)
Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻoulu i ka AIHA. Inā manaʻo ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei ke kumu o ke kūlana, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻōki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Nā lāʻau antibiotic (ʻoi aku ka penicillin)
- Nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal (NSAIDs) (e.g. ibuprofen)
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau anti-cancer
Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka AIHA?
Inā kānalua kāu kauka he mau hōʻailona kou o ka anemia, e kauoha mua lākou i kahi helu koko piha (CBC) . Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona hōʻike o ka anemia. ʻO ke kikoʻī, ana kēia hoʻāʻo:
- ʻEhia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets i loko o kou koko.
- Ka nui o kou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula (nui, liʻiliʻi, maʻamau).
- Ka pae hemoglobin - ʻO kēia ka protein i loko o kou koko e lawe ana i ka oxygen ma loko o kou kino.
- Ka waiwai Hematocrit (pehea ka nui o ka wahi e lawe ai kou mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o kou koko).
Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e hiki ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana iā AIHA
Inā kānalua kāu kauka i ka anemia, e paipai ʻo ia i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hou aʻe. Hiki i kēia mau hoʻokolohua ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka anemia e AIHA a i ʻole kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe.
- ʻO ka palaki peripheral: Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i kahi hāpana o kou koko a nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hiki i kēia ke nānā i nā mea e like me ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o kāu mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ua loli ke ʻano.
- Helu Reticulocyte: Ke ana kēia hoʻāʻo i ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ʻōpio (i hoʻokumu hou ʻia) i loko o kou kino. E hoʻomanaʻo, i ka wā e luku ʻia ai nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hoʻomaka ka iwi iwi e hana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula hou aʻe e pani iā lākou. Hoʻonui kēia i ka helu reticulocyte.
- Hoʻāʻo Bilirubin: Ke luku ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hana ʻia kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo bilirubin. Ke piʻi aʻe kēia, loaʻa ka jaundice (melemele o ka ʻili). No laila, inā kiʻekiʻe ka pae o ka bilirubin i loko o ke koko, he hōʻailona ia e wāwahi ʻia ana nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
- Hoʻāʻo Coombs: He hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi loa kēia no ka ʻike ʻana i ka AIHA. Nānā ia e ʻike inā e hana ana kou kino i nā antibodies e kūʻē i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
- Hoʻāʻo Haptoglobin: He protein ʻo Haptoglobin e wehe i nā huahana ʻōpala mai nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i hōʻino ʻia. Ke luku ʻia ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hoʻohana ke kino i ka nui o kēia haptoglobin. ʻO kēia ke kumu e emi ai ka pae o ka haptoglobin i loko o ke koko.
- ʻO Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH): ʻO LDH kahi enzyme i loaʻa i loko o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. Ke luku ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia enzyme LDH i loko o ke koko. ʻO kēia ke kumu e piʻi ai nā pae LDH.
- ʻO ke ana o ka agglutinin anu: Inā kānalua kāu kauka i ka AIHA anu, hiki iā ia ke kauoha i kēia hoʻāʻo. Ana kēia i ka pae o nā antibodies e hoʻouka i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i nā mahana anuanu.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka AIHA?
I ka mālama ʻana iā AIHA, ʻo ka hana mua maʻamau ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā he kumu kumu e hiki ke mālama ʻia. No ka laʻana, inā pili kāu AIHA me ka lupus, e mālama mua paha kāu kauka i ka lupus. Inā ʻo ke kumu o AIHA he ʻano e like me ka lymphoma, he mea nui e mālama i kēlā ʻano. Inā he lāʻau lapaʻau ke kumu o kāu AIHA, pono paha ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i kēlā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Eia nō naʻe, no kekahi poʻe, he akahai loa ka AIHA.ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi loa nā hōʻailona. I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻohe pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
- ʻO Corticosteroids: ʻO kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua no AIHA. Hana kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale o kou kino, a laila e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka pōʻino i hana ʻia i kāu mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
- Nā lāʻau pale kino: Inā ʻaʻole lawa nā corticosteroids wale nō e kāohi i ka maʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i kēia ʻano lāʻau. Hana kēia ma ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale mai ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka iwi iwi.
Splenectomy (ʻoki ʻana i ka spleen)
Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ka AIHA me ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō, pono paha ʻoe e wehe ʻia kou spleen ma ke ʻoki ʻana. ʻO ka spleen kahi ʻāpana i loko o ko mākou kino e kānana ana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ʻē aʻe, e like me nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loaʻa nā antibodies i hoʻopili ʻia iā lākou. Loaʻa pū i ka spleen nā hunaola e hana ana i nā antibodies. No laila, ʻo ka wehe ʻana i ka spleen hiki ke hōʻemi i ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka anemia.
Hoʻoili koko
I nā hihia koʻikoʻi o AIHA, pono paha i nā maʻi ke hoʻoili koko, ʻo ia hoʻi ke hoʻoili koko mai nā kumu o waho. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui koke i ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula a kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i nā hōʻailona.
He ʻokoʻa anei ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana no ka AIHA 'mahana' a me ka AIHA 'anu'?
ʻAe, ʻokoʻa ka mālama ʻana i ka 'AIHA anu' mua mai ka 'AIHA mahana'.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā Corticosteroids a i ʻole nā lāʻau immunosuppressive no ka 'AIHA mahana'. Inā ʻaʻole holomua kēlā, pono paha ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ka spleen. I nā hihia o ka anemia koʻikoʻi, ua manaʻo ʻia hoʻi nā hoʻoili koko he lāʻau kākoʻo i ka wā e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pane maikaʻi ka 'AIHA anu' i nā corticosteroids a i ʻole ka splenectomy. Inā he akahai ka 'AIHA anu', hiki ke kāohi ʻia ka maʻi ma ka mālama ʻana i ke kino i ka mehana (e.g., me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻomehana lima/wāwae, ke komo ʻana i nā mīkina lima, nā kāmaʻa wāwae, a me ka hele ʻana paha i kahi aniau mehana). Inā pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ka lāʻau 'Rituximab' (i kekahi manawa me nā lāʻau immunosuppressant ʻē aʻe) ka lāʻau lapaʻau laina mua.
Hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o AIHA?
ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka Anemia Hemolytic Autoimmune i nā manawa a pau. I kekahi manawa hiki mai ia me ke kumu ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi viral a i ʻole e lawe ana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻike ʻia e pili ana me AIHA, hiki i kāu kauka ke nānā i kou kūlana a kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi.
He maʻi koʻikoʻi anei ʻo AIHA?
ʻO ka Anemia Hemolytic Autoimmune he mea maʻalahi loa ia i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e pono i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa hiki ke koʻikoʻi loa ia a pono paha ʻoe i ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole ke kahe koko. Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me AIHA, hiki i kāu kauka ke kamaʻilio me ʻoe e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o kou kūlana a me kāu mau koho lapaʻau.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, hiki i ka AIHA ke make inā waiho ʻole ʻia, ʻo ia ke kumu he mea nui ka hana koke ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka AIHA?
ʻAe. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me AIHA e pono ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma waena o 20% a me 30% o nā maʻi e pono ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ke ʻoki ʻana, a i ʻole ke kahe koko.
Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?
Inā hoʻomaka ʻoe e ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka anemia - e like me ka luhi nui, ka nāwaliwali, ka jaundice (melemele o ka ʻili), a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana - e ʻike koke i ke kauka . Ma ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā mua, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻōla wikiwiki a hoʻi i kou ola maʻamau.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home)
ʻO ka Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) kahi kūlana e hoʻouka ai kāu ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī i kāu mau ʻula koko ʻulaʻula, e hana ana i ka anemia.
- Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke ʻoluʻolu a koʻikoʻi paha. ʻO ka luhi, ke keʻokeʻo, ka jaundice, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana nā mea nui.
- He ʻokoʻa nā kumu . I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ke kumu (kumu mua), i kekahi manawa hiki ke hana ʻia e nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, nā maʻi, a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau (lua).
- Aia kekahi mau koho lapaʻau . ʻO kēia mau mea me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ka wehe ʻana i ka spleen, a me nā hoʻoili koko. ʻOkoʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma muli o ke ʻano o ka 'mahana' a me ke 'anu'.
- ʻOiai he maʻi hiki ke hoʻokele pono ʻia ka AIHA, hiki ke lilo i maʻi koʻikoʻi, a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola , inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia.
No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, mai hopohopo a mai hoʻokaʻulua, akā e ʻimi i ke aʻo lapaʻau. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai, e ʻike pololei i kou kūlana, a kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau kūpono loa. A laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻōla koke a hoʻomau i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā!
ʻO ka anemia hemolytic autoimmune, AIHA, anemia, nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, nā antibodies, ka ʻōnaehana pale, jaundice, luhi
💬 Comments (0)
ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.
Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo