Ke pepehi nei nā ʻāpana o kou kino iā lākou iho? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)!

Ke luhi a nāwaliwali mau nei ʻoe? Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka poniuniu ke hele ʻoe i kahi mamao iki a piʻi paha i kahi alapiʻi? ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, kapa mākou i kēia he "anemia" a i ʻole "anemia." He ʻoiaʻiʻo. Akā, ua manaʻo paha ʻoe e hoʻouka a luku paha ka ʻōnaehana pale o kou kino ponoʻī, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻōnaehana pale, i kāu mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ponoʻī? I kēia lā ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi laha ʻole e pono ai i nā mea a pau ke makaʻala. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia , a i ʻole (AIHA) no ka pōkole.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia AIHA?

I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kēia, e nānā mua kākou i ke ʻano o ka anemia. ʻO ka anemia ka emi ʻana o ka nui o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o kou kino e lawe ana i ka oxygen. Hana ʻia kēia mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ko kākou iwi iwi. ʻO ka maʻamau, ola kekahi hunaola koko ʻulaʻula no kahi o 120 mau lā. Ke emi kēia mau hunaola, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā ʻōpū o ke kino ka nui o ka oxygen e pono ai. ʻO ia ke kumu e luhi ai a nāwaliwali ai kākou.

I kēia manawa, he mea kupanaha loa ka hana ʻana ma AIHA. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale kino , ka mea e pale ai i ko mākou kino mai ka maʻi, ua kuhi hewa i kona mau hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ponoʻī he "ʻenemi." Ua like ia me ka pūʻali koa o kahi ʻāina e hoʻouka ana i kona poʻe ponoʻī. Ke hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana pale kino e luku i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ma kēia ʻano, ua nalowale lākou i kahi wikiwiki i hiki ʻole i ka iwi iwi ke mālama. I kekahi manawa, ua kaupalena ʻia ke ola o kahi hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i kekahi mau lā wale nō. ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA).

He aha nā ʻano nui o AIHA?

Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo AIHA i ʻelua ʻano nui. Hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi ma ke kumu. Hoʻokumu ʻia kekahi ma ka mahana e luku ʻia ai nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. E nānā kākou i kēia mau mea.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi?

Ua like ka nui o nā hōʻailona o AIHA me nā anemia ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole paha e loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kekahi mau hōʻailona inā ua koʻikoʻi ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

Nā hōʻailona i ʻike pinepine ʻia:

• Ka nāwaliwali a me ka luhi: Luhi nui ka manaʻo ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kahi hana liʻiliʻi.
• ʻIli keʻokeʻo: Ke keʻokeʻo o ka ʻili, nā lehelehe, a me nā kui.
• Tachycardia: ʻO ka manaʻo e kuʻi wikiwiki ana ka puʻuwai ʻoiai ʻoe e kū mālie ana.
• Pōkole o ka hanu: Hana ʻia kēia ke luhi iki ʻoe.
• ʻEha ka umauma.
• Melemele o nā maka a me ka ʻili (Jaundice): ʻO kēia ke ʻano a mākou e kapa nei he jaundice.
• Mimi ʻeleʻele: Mimi ʻeleʻele ke kala, e like me ka kola.
• Manaʻo piha: Ma muli o ka nui o ka spleen.

Hiki i nā poʻe me ke ʻano anu AIHA (CAD) ke ʻike i kēia mau hōʻailona hou aʻe:

• Anuanu mau nā lima a me nā wāwae.
• E polū/ʻulaʻula ana nā lima a me nā wāwae i ka wā e anu ai.
• ʻEha poʻo.
• ʻEha kua a me nā wāwae.

He aha nā kumu o ka AIHA?

I ka hapa nui o ka manawa, he paʻakikī ke loaʻa kahi kumu kikoʻī no kēia kūlana (AIHA mua). Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa hiki ke hana ʻia e nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe (AIHA lua).

• Nā maʻi autoimmune ʻē aʻe: No ka laʻana, nā maʻi e like me lupus.
• ʻO kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa:ʻOi aku hoʻi nā maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i ke koko e like me ka leukemia (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) a me ka lymphoma (Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma).
• Nā maʻi: Nā maʻi bacteria e like me *Mycoplasma pneumoniae*.
• Nā maʻi: ʻO nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi Epstein-Barr, HIV, a me ka hepatitis.
• Kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau: Hiki i kēia ke hana ma ke ʻano he hopena i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka penicillin a me ka methyldopa.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ka hōʻailona?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka anemia, ʻo ka mea mua e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike koke i kāu kauka . E nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei, a e nānā iā ʻoe. Inā pono, e kuhikuhi ʻo ia iā ʻoe i kahi hematologist.

Hana ʻia kekahi mau hoʻāʻo koko no ka hōʻoia ʻana.

• Helu Koko Piha (CBC): Nānā kēia i ka helu o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, nā hunaola keʻokeʻo, a me nā platelets. ʻO ka helu haʻahaʻa o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula he hōʻailona ia o ka anemia.
• Hoʻāʻo Coombs: ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo kikoʻī loa no AIHA. Nānā ia inā e hana ana kou kino i nā antibodies e kūʻē i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
• ʻO ka Peripheral Smear: Ua nānā ʻia kahi hāpana koko ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā i nā hōʻailona o ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā cell ʻulaʻula.
• Hoʻāʻo Bilirubin: Ke luku ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, piʻi aʻe ka pae o kahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo bilirubin i loko o ke koko. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ke kala melemele.
• Helu Reticulocyte: Ke ana kēia i ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula hou i hana ʻia e ka iwi iwi. ʻO ka helu kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano o ka hana nui ʻana o ka iwi iwi e hana i nā hunaola hou e pani i nā mea e luku ʻia ana.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no AIHA?

Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke koʻikoʻi o kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​ke ʻano o AIHA, a me ke kumu. Inā ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​ʻaʻole pono paha ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

• ʻO nā Steroids: ʻO nā lāʻau steroid e like me Prednisolone ka laina mua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Hana kēia mau mea ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka hana a ka ʻōnaehana pale a me ke kāohi ʻana iā ia mai ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
• Nā Immunosuppressants ʻē aʻe: Inā ʻaʻole pane ka maʻi i nā steroids, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e like me Rituximab.
• Splenectomy: ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻo ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula e hana ʻia ma ka spleen. No laila, inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke kāohi iā ia, hiki i nā kauka ke hoʻoholo e wehe i ka spleen ma ke ʻoki ʻana.
• Ka Hoʻoili Koko: Inā koʻikoʻi ka anemia, pono paha ke hoʻoili koko e hoʻōla i ke ola.
• Ke pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai ke anu (no ke Anu AIHA/CAD): Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke anu AIHA, he mea nui ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai ke anu.
• E komo i nā mīkina lima i ka wā e lawe ai i nā mea mai loko mai o ka friji.
• Inā ʻoe e hele i waho i ke anuanu, e ʻaʻahu i nā pāpale, nā ʻulaʻula, a me nā ʻaʻahu komo.
• Inā ʻoe e hele ana i kahi me ka nui o ke ea ea, e ʻaʻahu i nā lole mahana.

Hiki paha i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku iā ʻoe e lawe i kahi mea hoʻopihapiha folic acid (Vitamin B9) , no ka mea, he mea pono kēia huaora no ka hana wikiwiki ʻana o nā cell koko ʻulaʻula.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke hana ma muli o kēia ʻano?

Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia ka AIHA, hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau pilikia.

• Nā ʻAʻa Koko: Hiki ke hana ʻia nā ʻaʻa koko i loko o nā aʻa koko, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wāwae. Inā hele kēia mau mea i nā māmā (Pulmonary Embolism), he kūlana weliweli loa ia.
• Ka pōʻino o nā puʻupaʻa: Hiki i ka AIHA i kāohi ʻole ʻia ke hōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa.
• Maʻi puʻuwai: ʻO ka anemia lōʻihi e hana ikaika ai ka puʻuwai, hiki ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka puʻuwai.