Ua ʻike anei ʻoe e pili ana i kēia pā kupaianaha e pale ana i ka lolo? (Blood-Brain Barrier)

E noʻonoʻo i kou lolo he pā kaua waiwai nui a naʻauao hoʻi. A aia kekahi kiaʻi puka e nānā i nā mea āpau e komo ana i loko o kēlā pā kaua, e pale ana i nā mea ʻino a e hoʻokuʻu wale ana i nā mea maikaʻi. Pēlā nō, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi kiaʻi puka kūikawā, a i ʻole kānana, aia i loko o nā kīʻaha koko a puni ko mākou lolo, e pale ana i ka lolo. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēia ʻo ka Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB).

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB)?

ʻAʻole kēia he pale wale nō. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua like ia me ke kiaʻi no ko kākou lolo. Aia kēia pā pale ma loko o nā kīʻaha koko e hoʻopuni ana i ka lolo. ʻO kāna hana nui ka pale ʻana i nā mea ʻino, nā germs, a me nā kemika makemake ʻole ʻia i loko o ke koko mai ke komo ʻana i ka lolo . Hoʻomalu pū ia i ka lawe pono ʻana o nā meaʻai a me ka oxygen i ka lolo a me ka wehe ʻana i nā huahana ʻōpala mai ka lolo.

Ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ko kākou kino, he mau hakahaka liʻiliʻi ko nā pūnaewele i loko o ko kākou mau kīʻaha koko (kā mākou e kapa nei i kēia mau pūnaewele "endothelium") ma waena o lākou. Akā, i loko o nā kīʻaha koko i loko o ka lolo, ua paʻa loa kēia mau pūnaewele, ua pili kekahi i kekahi, a ʻaʻohe hakahaka. Ua like ia me ka pā palaki me ka ʻole o nā lua. No laila, ʻo nā molekala nui, a i ʻole nā ​​mea hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ʻaʻole hiki ke hele maʻalahi ma waena.

He aha nā mea e hiki ke komo i loko o kēia pā palekana?

ʻAʻole pau nā mea a pau ma kēia pā. Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke hele ma waena ona.

• Nā molekula liʻiliʻi loa: Hiki i nā molekula liʻiliʻi e like me ka oxygen a me ke kalapona ʻokikene ke hele maʻalahi ma waena o kēia.
• Lipid-soluble: ʻO ka uhi waho o kēia mau pūnaewele paia pale ua hana ʻia me nā lipids, no laila hiki i nā mea lipid-soluble ke hele maʻalahi ma waena.

E noʻonoʻo i ke kumu e hoʻopilikia koke ai nā mea e like me ka waiʻona, nā lāʻau hoʻomaha, a me ka caffeine i ko kākou lolo. ʻO ke kumu, hiki iā lākou ke hele maʻalahi ma waena o ka Blood-Brain Barrier. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau he nui, e like me nā antidepressants, anxiolytics, a me nā lāʻau epilepsy, e hele i kēia pale a hiki i ka lolo.

He aha nā kūlana e hiki ai ke hoʻonāwaliwali ʻia kēia pā pale?

ʻOiai he ikaika loa kēia pale pale, i kekahi manawa hiki ke hoʻonāwaliwali a hoʻomaka paha e "leak." ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia ma muli o ka mumū.Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma nā kūlana e like me kēia. Ke hoʻonāwaliwali ʻia kēia pale, hiki i nā mea ʻino i hiki ʻole ke komo i loko o ka lolo ke komo.

Ua papa inoa ka papa ma lalo nei i kekahi o nā kūlana olakino nui e hiki ai ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka Blood-Brain Barrier.

Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona e hōʻike ana he pilikia paha kēia?

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe hōʻailona pololei e hōʻike ana i kahi pilikia me ka Blood-Brain Barrier. ʻO ka mea a mākou e ʻike ai he mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi kumu e hoʻopilikia nei iā ia (no ka laʻana, ka hahau ʻana a i ʻole ka maʻi Alzheimer). ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ala maopopo e hoʻāʻo ai i ke kūlana o kēia pale, ke noiʻi ʻia nei nā ʻano hana like ʻole ma ka pae noiʻi.

He aha kā kākou e hana ai e mālama i kēia palekana waiwai nui i ikaika?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke mālama pololei i ka Blood-Brain Barrier, hiki iā mākou ke pale aku i nā kumu e hoʻonāwaliwali ai iā ia. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i kahi nohona olakino ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai.

• E mālama i ka ʻai kaulike a me ke kaumaha olakino: ʻO nā mea e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi diabetes, a me ka cholesterol e hōʻino i ko mākou mau kīʻaha koko. Hiki i kēia pōʻino ke hoʻopilikia i nā kīʻaha koko i loko o ka lolo. No laila, he mea nui loa ka kaohi ʻana i kēia mau maʻi ma o ka ʻai maikaʻi a me ka hoʻoikaika kino.
• Mai hoʻowahāwahā i nā maʻi:I kekahi manawa, inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia nā maʻi pepeiao, maka, a niho paha, hiki i nā germs ke hele ma ke kahe koko i ka lolo. No laila, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka no kekahi maʻi a loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
• E komo i nā lako palekana: Hiki i nā ʻeha poʻo ke hōʻino pololei i kēia pale. No laila, e hōʻoia e komo i ka mahiole i ka wā e holo ana i kahi paikikala a mokokaikala paha, a e hoʻopaʻa i kou kāʻei noho i ka wā e holo ana i loko o kahi kaʻa.
• E hoʻokele pono i kāu mau maʻi mau: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole ka cholesterol, e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka e kuhikuhi ai me ka pololei a me ka manawa kūpono. Eia kekahi, e hele i nā keʻena lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono e nānā i kou kūlana.

Pehea e hoʻohana ai nā kauka i kēia ʻike?

He mea pono loa ka ʻike e pili ana i ka Blood-Brain Barrier no nā kauka a me nā kānaka ʻepekema. He pilikia a he manawa kūpono hoʻi.

• Ka pilikia: I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole hiki i kahi lāʻau no ka puʻupuʻu lolo a i ʻole ka maʻi ke komo i ka lolo ma muli o kēia pale. Manaʻo ka pale he "ʻino" ka lāʻau. I kēia mau hihia, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana kūikawā (e like me ke ʻano "lio Trojan", e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana iā ia iho i kahi mole ʻē aʻe) e hāʻawi i ka lāʻau ma o ka pale.
• Hihia: Loaʻa ka maʻi Parkinson i ka wā e emi ai ka kemika dopamine i loko o ka lolo. ʻOiai inā hāʻawi pololei ʻia ka dopamine ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hele i kēia pale a komo i loko o ka lolo. No laila, hāʻawi nā kauka i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo levodopa. Hiki i kēia levodopa ke hele i waho o ka pale. Ke komo i loko o ka lolo, lilo ka levodopa i dopamine. ʻAʻole anei he manaʻo maikaʻi kēia?

ʻO ia hoʻi, ua hoʻolālā ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e kāpae i kēia pale. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau e kāpae i kēia pale, no ka mea, inā komo ka lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ka lolo, hiki iā ia ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao i makemake ʻole ʻia.