E ʻōlelo kākou he hana liʻiliʻi a nui paha kāu, he unuhi niho, a i ʻole kekahi hoʻāʻo lapaʻau ʻeha ʻē aʻe. A laila, hāʻawi nā kauka, ka poʻe i ʻike ʻole i ka ʻeha, iā ʻoe i kahi lāʻau hoʻomānoino, ʻeā? I kekahi manawa, ma hope o ka inikini ʻana, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻeha no kekahi manawa. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ia mau hihia. ʻO kona inoa he hui pū ʻana o ʻelua mau lāʻau lapaʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Bupivacaine a me Epinephrine.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
He hui pū ʻana kēia o ʻelua mau lāʻau lapaʻau. 1.
Bupivacaine: ʻO kēia ka mea e hana maoli i ka hana. I ka pololei, he anesthetic kūloko kēia. ʻO ia hoʻi, hoʻomānoʻo wale ia i kahi kikoʻī kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai. E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e hana ana i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma kou lima. A laila hoʻokomo ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kou lima. A laila hoʻōki ia i nā aʻalolo i loko o kou lima mai ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā leka i ka lolo e ʻōlelo ana "ʻeha kēia ma ʻaneʻi." Ua like ia me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka 'uea ʻeha' ma ia wahi no kekahi manawa. 2.
Epinephrine: Hoʻohui ʻia kēia e hoʻolōʻihi i kēlā ʻano ʻūlū. Hoʻopilikia ka Epinephrine i nā kīʻaha koko ma ia wahi e ʻū iki. A laila hoʻohui ʻia ka Bupivacaine me ke koko a lōʻihi ka manawa e hele ai i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino. No laila noho ka ʻū ma kahi hoʻokahi no ka lōʻihi. Eia kekahi, no ka mea e ʻū ana nā kīʻaha koko, emi ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi,
he lāʻau ʻeha ikaika kēia e hoʻōki i ka ʻeha ma kekahi wahi. Nā mea e pono ai ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau
Ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, pono i kāu kauka ke loaʻa kahi kiʻi piha o kou kūlana olakino. Pēlā e hiki ai iā ia ke hōʻoia i kou palekana. No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana,
e hōʻoia e haʻi iā ia e pili ana iā lākou me ka hūnā ʻole i kekahi mea. | Kou kūlana | No ke aha ʻoe e pono ai e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ia mea? |
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| ʻAleʻaleʻa i ka Bupivacaine, Epinephrine a i ʻole nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻē aʻe | Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi allergy ma mua, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa hou kahi hopena maʻi allergy koʻikoʻi. Eia kekahi, e haʻi i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau maʻi allergy i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, nā meaʻai, a i ʻole nā mea hoʻoluʻu. |
| Maʻi puʻuwai | Hiki i ka Epinephrine ke hoʻopilikia i ka helu o ka puʻuwai a me ke koko, no laila pono e hāʻawi ʻia me ka akahele nui i ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻuwai. |
| Ke koko haʻahaʻa | Hiki i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko i kekahi manawa, no laila he mea nui e ʻike i kēia ma mua. |
| Maʻi akepaʻa a i ʻole ka puʻupaʻa | Kōkua ke akepaʻa a me nā puʻupaʻa i ka wehe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau mai ke kino. Inā ʻaʻole hana pono kēia mau ʻōkana, hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ke hōʻiliʻili i loko o ke kino a hoʻoulu i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. |
| Maʻi puʻupaʻa | Inā he mau mea e like me nā pilikia hanu, pono e mālama pono ʻia i ka wā o ka anesthesia. |
| Ka hemahema o ka G6PD | He maʻi koko hoʻoilina kēia. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke hoʻopilikia i ka poʻe me kēia maʻi. |
| Inā hāpai ʻoe a i ʻole e hoʻāʻo nei e hāpai | He mea nui kēia ʻike no ke kauka e noʻonoʻo ai i ka hopena hiki ke loaʻa i ka pēpē. |
| Inā he makuahine hānai ʻoe | He mea nui kēia e hoʻoholo ai inā hele ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka pēpē ma o ka waiū a inā he hopena kona. |
E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo kou palekana ka mea mua. No laila, mai hūnā i kēia ʻano ʻike mai kāu kauka.
Pehea ʻoe e hoʻohana ai i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻAʻole kēia he lāʻau lapaʻau hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka home mai ka hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau.Hāʻawi mau ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he inikini i loko o kou kino ma kahi haukapila a i ʻole ke keʻena lapaʻau e ke kauka a i ʻole kekahi loea olakino i aʻo ʻia. No laila, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hopohopo no ia mea. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia i nā keiki ma luna o 12 mau makahiki i kekahi mau hihia kūikawā. Akā, ʻo ke kauka wale nō ka mea e hoʻoholo ai.
He aha ka mea e hana ai inā nui loa ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻOiai ua hāʻawi ʻia kēia ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana a ke kauka, ua haʻahaʻa loa ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka overdose. Eia nō naʻe, inā manaʻo ʻoe ua hana ʻia kekahi mea iā ʻoe, a inā paha ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona (e like me ka dizziness, ke kani ʻana a puni ka waha, ka ʻike pōuliuli, nā convulsions), pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo koke i nā limahana lapaʻau ma laila. E hana lākou i nā hana e pono ai. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi pilikia ma waho o ka haukapila, e hele koke
i ka Emergency Department (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa. Inā kānalua ʻoe i ka lāʻau make, hiki iā ʻoe ke kelepona
i ke National Poisons Information Centre ma ka Colombo National Hospital .
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e launa pū me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau
He mea nui loa e haʻi aku i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, nā huaora, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei. Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke launa pū me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā ʻano i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. Aia ma lalo kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻole kēia he papa inoa piha.
E hāʻawi i kāu kauka i kahi papa inoa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai. Eia kekahi, e hōʻoia e haʻi iā lākou inā ʻoe e puhipaka, inu waiʻona, a hoʻohana paha i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe.
Nā mea e makaʻala ai i ka wā e lawe ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
He mea kēia a ka poʻe he nui e poina ai, akā he mea nui loa ia. Ke mae ka ʻāpana ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau mae,
ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻeha. No laila, he nui ka manawa e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe kahi ʻeha me ka ʻike ʻole. E noʻonoʻo inā ua hemo kou niho a mae ka ʻaoʻao o kou waha. A hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka mae, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kou lehelehe e paʻi ana i ka wā e ʻai ai ʻoe ma kēlā ʻaoʻao. No laila hiki ke ʻeha ka lehelehe. Inā mae kou wāwae, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i kou kuʻekuʻe wāwae e ʻōwili ana i kou hele ʻana.
No laila, a hiki i ka wā e hoʻōla piha ai ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi, a nalowale loa ka ʻōpala, e makaʻala loa i kēlā wahi. E noho mamao aku mai nā hana e hiki ai ke hōʻeha.
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki mai ana?
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i kēia ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole loaʻa i nā kānaka a pau. Pono e hōʻike koke ʻia kekahi o kēia mau mea, aʻo kekahi ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi loa.
E haʻi koke aku i kāu kauka a i ʻole ka hui mālama ola. ʻAʻole maʻamau ka pilikia (akā e haʻi aku i kāu kauka inā hoʻomau).
| Nā hopena alerika koʻikoʻi | ʻŌhūhū ʻili, maneʻo, pehu o ka maka, lehelehe, alelo a i ʻole ka puʻu, paʻakikī ke hanu. |
| Nā loli i ka helu o ka puʻuwai | Puʻuwai wikiwiki a ʻano ʻē paha, poniuniu, ʻeha umauma, paʻakikī ke hanu. |
| Ke koko haʻahaʻa/kiʻekiʻe | ʻO ka pōniuniu nui, ka ʻike maka pohihihi, ka manaʻo nāwaliwali (ke koko haʻahaʻa) a i ʻole ka ʻeha poʻo nui (ke koko kiʻekiʻe). |
| Nā hopu ʻana | Ka haʻalulu o ke kino a me ka nalowale o ke kaohi. |
| Ka kaumaha o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena (kaumaha CNS) | Hanu lohi a papau paha, hiamoe nui, paʻakikī ke ala. |
| Nā hōʻailona o ka Methemoglobinemia | ʻIli polū a lehelehe paha, paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana, ʻeha poʻo nui, puʻuwai wikiwiki, nausea, luaʻi. |
| Ka hoʻomaha ʻole o ka noʻonoʻo | Hopohopo, hopohopo. |
| Hiamoe | He kūlana maʻamau e hiki ke kū mai ma muli o nā hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. |
| Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi ʻana (Nausea, Vomiting) | Nalo pinepine kēia mau mea ma hope o kekahi manawa. |
ʻAʻole paha e komo pū kēia papa inoa me nā hopena ʻaoʻao āpau. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mea ʻē, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO Bupivacaine lāua ʻo Epinephrine he mau inikini i hāʻawi ʻia e hoʻomāʻū i kahi wahi kikoʻī a hoʻōki i ka ʻeha i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole nā kaʻina hana ʻeha ʻē aʻe.
- Ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i kou mau maʻi āpau (ʻoiai ka maʻi puʻuwai, ke akepaʻa, a me nā maʻi puʻupaʻa) a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe nei.
- ʻAʻole kēia he lāʻau lapaʻau e lawe ʻia i ka home. Hāʻawi mau ʻia ia ma ka haukapila e ke kauka a i ʻole kekahi loea olakino i aʻo ʻia.
- ʻOiai ke hoʻomāʻū nei ka lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe, ʻo kou kuleana ia e mālama i ka wahi i ʻole e hōʻeha ʻia. E makaʻala loa i kēlā.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena koʻikoʻi e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, nā hopu ʻana, a i ʻole nā lehelehe polū, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau .
Nā lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha, Bupivacaine, Epinephrine, ʻoki kino, Nā lāʻau hoʻopau ʻeha, Anesthetic kūloko, Nā hopena ʻaoʻao
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