Ua ʻike anei ʻoe e pili ana i nā 'koa pepehi kanaka' i loko o ko kākou kino? (Nā pūnaewele T Cytotoxic) E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia!

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea, ke loaʻa ʻoe i ke anu, e hoʻomaikaʻi ia i loko o kekahi mau lā? Me ka ʻike ʻole ʻia e kākou, he ʻōnaehana pale kupaianaha ko ko kākou kino, e like me ka pūʻali koa, e hana ana i loko o kākou e pale iā kākou mai nā maʻi. ʻO kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi a kūikawā o nā koa i loko o kēia ʻōnaehana i kapa ʻia he mau cell T cytotoxic. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia mau koa liʻiliʻi.

He aha kēia mau pūnaewele T cytotoxic?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā pūnaewele T cytotoxic kahi ʻano pūnaewele i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale . Ua like lākou me nā koa koa kūikawā i loko o ka pūʻali koa o ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO kā lākou hana nui ka ʻimi a luku i nā pūnaewele i loaʻa i nā virus e komo i loko o ko mākou kino. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai lākou ʻo "Killer T cells."

Hoʻopuka ʻia kēia mau pūnaewele T i loko o kahi gland liʻiliʻi ma ke alo o ko kākou umauma i kapa ʻia ʻo ka thymus . Hoʻopuka ka gland thymus i ʻekolu ʻano nui o nā pūnaewele T.

Pehea e hana ai kēia mau pūnaewele?

ʻElua ʻano nui o ka palekana. ʻO kekahi ka palekana kūlohelohe , ʻo ia ka ʻōnaehana pale i loaʻa i loko o ko kākou kino i ka wā e hānau ʻia ai kākou. ʻO kekahi ka palekana adaptive.ʻO ia hoʻi, ke loaʻa iā kākou nā maʻi a i ʻole e loaʻa iā kākou ka lāʻau pale, hoʻomohala ko kākou kino i kahi ʻōnaehana pale kūikawā.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā pūnaewele T cytotoxic a me nā pūnaewele pepehi kanaka kūlohelohe

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i nā pūnaewele pepehi kanaka kūlohelohe. ʻOiai he mau pūnaewele 'pepehi kanaka' ʻelua, aia kahi ʻokoʻa iki.

• Nā pūnaewele pepehi kanaka kūlohelohe: He ʻāpana kēia o ka pale kino kūlohelohe. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole pono lākou i ke aʻo kūikawā a i ʻole ka hoʻāla ʻana e hoʻouka i kahi pūnaewele ʻino. Hoʻomau wale lākou i ka mākaʻikaʻi.
• Nā pūnaewele T Cytotoxic: He ʻāpana kēia o ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi. I mea e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻouka i kahi pūnaewele i loaʻa i ka maʻi, pono mua lākou e ʻike i ka maʻi a hoʻāla ʻia.

Pehea e hoʻomaka ai i kahi hakakā

Loaʻa i nā pūnaewele T Cytotoxic kahi 'antenna' kūikawā ma ko lākou ʻili i kapa ʻia ʻo ka mea hoʻokipa CD8 . Aneane kēlā me kēia pūnaewele i loko o ko mākou kino he "kāleka ʻike" ma kona ʻili. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he molekala MHC Class I. Ke loaʻa i kahi pūnaewele kahi maʻi, kau kēlā pūnaewele i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi ma kēia kāleka ID ma kona ʻili, e hōʻailona ana, "Eia kahi ʻenemi i loko oʻu."

ʻO ia ka manawa e hopu ai ke antenna CD8 o kā mākou T cell i kēia hōʻailona. A laila hoʻāla ʻia ke T cell a hana i nā kemika e pono ai e luku i ke kelepona i loaʻa i ka maʻi.

Eia kekahi, ke ʻike nā pūnaewele T kōkua i kahi maʻi, hoʻokuʻu lākou i nā ʻelele i kapa ʻia ʻo cytokines . Hoʻoulu hou kēia mau leka i nā pūnaewele T cytotoxic e hui pū me ke kaua.

Aia ma hea kēia mau pūnaewele T i loko o ko kākou kino?

Hoʻomaka ke ola o nā pūnaewele T i loko o ko kākou iwi iwi . A laila, ma ke ʻano he mau pūnaewele ʻōpiopio, hele lākou i ka ʻōpū thymus i loko o ko kākou umauma. Ua like ka thymus me ke kula hoʻomaʻamaʻa no nā pūnaewele T. Ma laila e oʻo ai kēia mau pūnaewele a aʻo i kā lākou hana. Ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana, kaʻapuni kēia mau pūnaewele i loko o ke kino.

Nui ka nui o nā pūnaewele T ma loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana lymphatic . Hiki ke loaʻa nā kikowaena kiʻekiʻe loa o nā pūnaewele T i loko o:

• ʻIwi iwi
• Nā ʻōpū
• Nā māmā
• Nā kikowaena lymph
• ʻŌpū
• Nā ʻōpū

He aha nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā pūnaewele T?

I kekahi manawa hiki i kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale ke hana hewa. Aia kekahi mau kūlana e hoʻopilikia ai i nā pūnaewele T.

• Nā maʻi autoimmune:ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ana ma ia mau hihia, ʻo ia ka hoʻouka ʻana o ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī i ko kākou mau hunaola olakino ponoʻī.
• ʻO ka maʻi leukemia lymphocytic koʻikoʻi: He ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai kēia e hoʻomaka ana i loko o ke koko a me ka iwi iwi.
• ʻO ka lymphoma Hodgkin makua: He ʻano maʻi kanesa kēia e hoʻomaka ana i loko o nā pūnaewele o ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic.
• HIV: Hoʻouka pololei kēia maʻi i nā pūnaewele o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale kino, ʻoiai nā pūnaewele T.
• ʻO ka maʻi hana: He maʻi ʻōnaehana pale maʻamau kēia e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi pinepine.
• ʻAplasia Thymic: Ua pilikia ka hana ʻana o nā cell T ma muli o ka ulu ʻole ʻana o ka gland thymus i ka wā hānau.

Nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e hoʻoikaika i ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale

Nui nā mea maʻalahi e hiki ai iā kākou ke hana e mālama i ko kākou pūʻali koa pale kupaianaha i ke olakino a me ka ikaika.

• E hōʻalo i ka waiʻona a i ʻole e kaupalena nui iā ia.
• E ʻai i ka ʻai kaulike. E hoʻokomo i nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, nā legume, nā ʻiʻo wīwī, nā iʻa, nā nati, a me nā meaʻai momona.
• E hoʻoikaika kino i nā manawa a pau. E hoʻokomo i nā ʻano hoʻoikaika kino like ʻole e like me ka hele wāwae, ka holo ʻana, a me ka hāpai kaumaha.
• E hiamoe maikaʻi. E ho'āʻo e hiamoe no 7-8 mau hola i ka lā.
• E pale loa i ka puhipaka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka. Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua e haʻalele i kēia ʻano maʻamau, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea.
• E holoi pinepine i kou mau lima me ke kopa a me ka wai. Hiki i kēia ke pale aku i nā germs mai ke komo ʻana i loko o kou kino.