Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ka mea e hana ʻia ana i ka meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai ma hope o kona komo ʻana i loko o ko kākou ʻōpū? Ma hea e hele ai kēlā meaʻai ma hope o ka ʻōpū? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kahi wahi koʻikoʻi loa ma ia huakaʻi. He koa liʻiliʻi kēia e hana mālie ana i kahi hana nui i loko o kā kākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe. E ʻike kākou iā ia me nā kikoʻī.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka duodenum ?
ʻO ka duodenum ka ʻāpana mua o kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi . ʻOiai ua kapa ʻia ʻo "ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi," ʻo ia ka ʻāpana lōʻihi loa o kā mākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe. Maanei e wāwahi ʻia ai nā meaola (nā protein, nā momona, nā huaora , a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i loko o ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai i loko o kahi ʻano wai e hiki ai i ke kino ke omo.
Ua like ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi me kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi i ke ʻano o ka leka 'C'. ʻO ka meaʻai mai ka ʻōpū e komo mua i loko o kēia ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻelua aʻe o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi ʻo ia ka jejunum a me ka ileum.
He aha nā hana nui o ka honua?
ʻO ka hana nui o ka ʻōpū, ʻo ia ke hoʻomau i ke kaʻina hana ʻai e hoʻomaka ana ma ka waha a me ka ʻōpū a hoʻomaka i ka omo ʻana o nā meaʻai i loko o ke koko. E noʻonoʻo ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i ka ʻōpū, ua hui pū ka meaʻai me ka lawai a me nā waikawa o ka ʻōpū e hana i kahi wai mānoanoa, a i ʻole e ʻōlelo kākou "food porridge" (`chyme`). Hoʻololi ʻia kēlā porridge meaʻai i mau meaʻai e hiki ai i ke kino ke hoʻohana i loko o ka ʻōpū.
Eia nā mea nui e hana ʻia ana i loko o ka honua:
| Hana | He maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana. |
|---|---|
| Ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka waikawa o nā meaʻai | He ʻakika loa ka meaʻai (chyme) i puka mai ka ʻōpū. Hoʻokuʻu kahi hormone (secretin) i hana ʻia e ka pancreas i kahi enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo bicarbonate, kahi e hōʻemi ai i kēia acidity. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka omo ʻana i nā meaola a pale i ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka nui o ka waikawa. |
| Hoʻolilo i ka meaʻai i mau meaʻai | Hoʻopuka ka pancreas i kahi hormone ʻē aʻe (cholecystokinin). Hōʻailona kēia i kāu pancreas, gallbladder, a me ke akepaʻa e hoʻouna i nā mea āu e pono ai e hoʻoheheʻe i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka Bile, ka mea i puka mai ka gallbladder a me ke akepaʻa, hoʻoheheʻe i nā momona. Hoʻopau nā enzymes mai ka pancreas i nā momona, nā kalapona, a me nā protein. A laila komo kēia mau meaola i loko o ke koko. |
| Ke hoʻokuke nei i ka meaʻai i mua | Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻāpana meaʻai i koe i omo ʻole ʻia i loko o ka ʻāpana aʻe o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi (ka jejunum). Hana ʻia kēia ma o kahi neʻe rhythmic (peristalsis) kahi e ʻaelike ai a hoʻonui ai nā paia o ka jejunum. |
He aha ka nui a me ke kūlana o ka honua?
ʻO ka duodenum ka ʻāpana pōkole loa o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. He ʻaneʻane 10 ʻīniha ka lōʻihi. He emi iki ia ma mua o hoʻokahi kapuaʻi. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo Latina "duodenum" ʻo ia hoʻi "12 mau manamana lima." ʻO ia hoʻi, ua like ka lōʻihi me 12 mau manamana lima i kau ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao.
E noʻonoʻo, he 22 kapuaʻi ka lōʻihi o kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ia hoʻi ka lōʻihi o kahi kahua tenisi. Akā, ma kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi he 10 ʻīniha o ia lōʻihi wale nō e omo ai kēia mau meaʻai koʻikoʻi.
Aia ka esophagus ma lalo o ka ʻōpū. Piʻo ia ma ke ʻano 'C' i ka ʻākau a me ke kua, i lalo, a laila i ka hema. Aia ka ʻāpana ākea loa o kou pancreas i loko o kēia piʻo ʻano 'C'.
Nā ʻāpana ʻehā o ka honua
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka honua i ʻehā ʻāpana nui, i kapa ʻia e like me ko lākou wahi a me ke ʻano.
1. ʻĀpana kiʻekiʻe: ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe loa e pili ana i ka ʻōpū. He ʻelua ʻīniha ka lōʻihi. No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka puka ʻana o nā ʻōpū ma kēia ʻāpana.
2. ʻĀpana iho: E like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, ʻo kēia ka ʻāpana ʻano 'C' e iho ana i lalo. He ʻehā ʻīniha ka lōʻihi. Hoʻopili nā ducts mai ka pancreas , ka gallbladder , a me ke akepaʻa i kēia ʻāpana. Hoʻohui pū ka Bile a me nā enzymes mai kēia mau ʻōpū e wāwahi i nā momona , nā protein, a me nā carbohydrates.
3. ʻĀpana pae:He ʻehā ʻīniha ka lōʻihi o kēia. Holo ia mai ka ʻākau a i ka hema, a aia ma luna o kekahi mau kīʻaha koko nui i loko o ko kākou kino.
4. ʻĀpana piʻi: ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. He ʻuʻuku iki kona lōʻihi ma mua o hoʻokahi ʻīniha. Hoʻolōʻihi ia i luna a pili i ka ʻāpana aʻe o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi (ka jejunum).
Pehea i hana ʻia ai ka pā o ka honua?
ʻEhā papa nui o ka paia o ka ʻōpū.
- Mucosa: ʻO kēia ka papa o loko loa. He mau ʻōpuʻu liʻiliʻi e like me nā manamana lima (microvilli). Hoʻonui kēia i ka ʻili o ka ʻōpū, e ʻae ana i ka omo nui ʻana o nā meaola.
- Submucosa: Aia i loko o kēia papa nā kīʻaha koko a me nā ʻiʻo hoʻohui. Loaʻa pū kekahi iā ia nā kelepa Brunner, ka mea e hana i kahi mea e hōʻemi ai i ka waikawa o ka meaʻai e puka mai ana mai ka ʻōpū.
- Muscularis: Hana ʻia kēia me nā ʻiʻo laumania. ʻO kāna hana nui ka hoʻohuihui a hoʻoneʻe i ka meaʻai i mua.
- ʻO Serosa: ʻO kēia ka uhi pale waho loa.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like ka grahini me kahi mīkini blender a me ka kānana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻomalu ia i ka ʻakika o ka meaʻai, hoʻohui i nā enzymes e pono ai, hoʻokaʻawale i nā meaolaola, a hoʻouna i ke koena i ke kahua aʻe.
Nā maʻi a me nā pilikia e pili ana i ka honua
Ma muli o kona kokoke ʻana i ka ʻōpū, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o ka esophagus inā piʻi ka acidity o ka ʻōpū. Hiki i kēia waikawa ke hana i nā ʻōpū ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū. ʻElua mau kumu nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka maʻi bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo `H. pylori` a me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā mea hoʻomaha ʻeha i kapa ʻia ʻo `NSAIDs` (nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal) (e.g. aspirin, ibuprofen) .
Inā hōʻeha nui kahi ʻeha i mālama ʻole ʻia i ka paia o ka ʻōpū a hōʻino i kahi kīʻaha koko ma hope ona, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokahe koko nui. He kūlana kēia e pono ai ka mālama olakino ulia pōpilikia.
Nui nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ana i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka pancreas.
- ʻO ka maʻi o Crohn: ʻO kahi kūlana e hoʻoulu ai i ka mumū a me ka pehu ʻana o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.
- Maʻi Celiac: ʻO kahi kūlana e hoʻoulu ai i nā pilikia o ka ʻōpū ke ʻai ʻia nā meaʻai i loaʻa ka gluten.
- Ka maʻi ʻaʻai Duodenal: Ke kanesa e hoʻomaka ana i loko o nā pūnaewele o ka duodenum.
- Duodenitis: Ka mumū o ka duodenum.
- Ka ālai ʻana o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi: He ālai piha a hapa paha o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, me ka rectum. He pilikia olakino nō hoʻi kēia.
Nā hōʻailona maʻamau e hōʻike ana i kahi pilikia
Inā he pilikia, ʻokoʻa paha nā hōʻailona ma muli o ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, eia nā hōʻailona i ʻike nui ʻia i nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe.
- ʻeha ka ʻōpū
- ʻŌpū pehu a me ka flatulence
- Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū
- Ka maʻi pākī
- Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
- ʻO ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana (Indigestion)
- Ka luaʻi ʻana i ke koko a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpala (hiki i kēia ke hōʻailona o ke kahe ʻana mai kahi ʻeha)
Inā hoʻomau kēia mau hōʻailona, e ʻike pono i kāu kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo .
Nā ʻano hana e nānā ai i ke olakino o ka ʻōpū
E kauoha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona. ʻO kekahi o lākou:
- Hoʻāʻo hanu no ka maʻi H. pylori.
- Nā Scan: Nā hoʻokolohua e like me ka 'Ultrasound', 'X-ray', 'CT scan' a i ʻole 'MRI' e nānā i nā puʻupuʻu a me ka mumū i loko o ka ʻōpū.
- Endoscopy: Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi me kahi kāmela i hoʻopili ʻia ma ka waha e nānā i loko o ka esophagus.
- Biopsy: Inā he puʻupuʻu ʻē aʻe, lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai ia mea a hoʻāʻo ʻia no nā hunaola kanesa.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no nā maʻi uterine
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ke kūlana.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau: No nā maʻi bacteria e like me H. pylori.
- Nā lāʻau steroid (Corticosteroids): No ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka mumū nui.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻēmi i ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū: Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā 'Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)', 'H2 blockers' a me nā 'antacids'.
- ʻoki kino: Pono paha ke ʻoki kino no nā maʻi kanesa a i ʻole nā pilikia kūkulu ʻē aʻe.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka duodenum ka ʻāpana mua, ʻano 'C' o kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai he liʻiliʻi ia, he kuleana koʻikoʻi kona i ka ʻeli ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka omo ʻana i nā meaola.
- ʻO kēia kahi e hoʻemi ʻia ai ka ʻakika o nā meaʻai ʻakika loa e puka mai ana mai ka ʻōpū, hoʻololi ʻia i mau meaola, a hoʻomaka e komo i loko o ke koko.
- ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻeha (NSAID) a me ka maʻi H. pylori hiki ke hana i nā ʻeha i loko o ka ʻōpū.
- Inā hoʻomau nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka pehu ʻana, a me ka luaʻi ʻana, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou a e ʻike i kāu kauka.
- ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai momona i ka fiber, nā mea kanu, a me ka inu ʻana i ka wai lawa, a me ka pale ʻana i ka puhipaka a me ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona, he mea maikaʻi loa ia no kāu ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe holoʻokoʻa a me kou ʻōpū.
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