He aha nā enzymes? No ke aha lākou i koʻikoʻi ai i ko mākou kino?

Aloha! Pehea ʻoe? I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kahi hui o nā mea e hana mālie ana, akā he mea nui loa i loko o ko kākou kino. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he mau enzymes. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kēia inoa. Inā ʻaʻole, ʻaʻohe mea nui, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana.

No laila he aha kēia mau enzymes? No ke aha mākou e pono ai iā lākou?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻano protein nā enzymes. Ua like lākou me nā robots liʻiliʻi e hana ana i loko o ko mākou kino. ʻO kā lākou hana nui ka hoʻolalelale ʻana i nā hopena kemika i loko o ko mākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ko mākou metabolism . E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, kōkua kēia mau enzymes i ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau mea a me ka wāwahi ʻana i kekahi mau mea. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, loaʻa i nā mea ola āpau nā enzymes. Hoʻopuka ko mākou kino i nā enzymes ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe. Loaʻa iā mākou nā enzymes mai kekahi o nā meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai a inu ai, a mai kekahi mau huahana i hana ʻia.

He aha ke kōkua nui a nā enzymes e hāʻawi ai i ko mākou kino?

ʻO kekahi o nā mea nui a nā enzymes e hana ai, ʻo ia ke kōkua i ka ʻai ʻana . ʻO kēia ke kaʻina hana e hoʻololi ʻia ai ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai i ikehu. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana iā ia, aia nā enzymes i loko o ko mākou lawai, pancreas, naʻau, a me ka ʻōpū. ʻO kēia nā mea e wāwahi a ʻai i nā momona, nā protein, a me nā carbohydrates a mākou e ʻai ai. A laila hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau meaʻai e ko mākou kino no ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā cell. ʻAʻole wale ia, kōkua nā enzymes i nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. E nānā:

• E hanu pū
• No ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻiʻo
• Hana aʻalolo
• ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopau i nā mea ʻawaʻawa mai ko mākou kino me ka ʻole o kēia mau enzymes.

He nui nā ʻano enzymes?

ʻAe, he mau tausani o nā ʻano enzyme like ʻole i loko o ko kākou kino. Akā ʻo ka mea kūikawā , hoʻokahi wale nō hana a kēlā me kēia ʻano enzyme e hana ai . E like me ke kī hoʻokahi e hiki ke wehe i hoʻokahi laka. No ka laʻana, hoʻopau ka enzyme Sucrase i ka sucrose kō. Hoʻopau ka enzyme Lactase i ka lactose kō i loaʻa i nā huahana waiū. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā ʻano nui o nā enzyme e kōkua pinepine iā mākou e hoʻoheheʻe i ka meaʻai:

He aha nā ʻāpana o kahi enzyme? Pehea lākou e hana ai?

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia enzyme kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'active site' . He ʻano kūikawā ko kēia wahi. Kāhea mākou i ka mea a ka enzyme e hana ai ma luna o kahi 'substrate' . He ʻano kūikawā nō hoʻi ko kēia substrate. E like me ka laka a me ke kī. Pono ka enzyme a me ka substrate e kūpono pono i ka hana. Ke kūpono wale lākou i hiki ai ke hana ʻia ka hopena kemika.

Pehea ka hopena o ka mahana a me ka pH i nā enzymes?

Pono nā ʻenzymes i nā kūlana kaiapuni kūpono e hana pono ai. Inā ʻaʻole kūpono kēia mau kūlana, hiki i nā ʻenzymes ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano. A laila, ʻaʻole lākou e kūlike me nā substrates a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua. No laila, ʻaʻole lākou e hana pono. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻenzyme kahi mahana a me ka pH kikoʻī e kūpono loa ai:

• pH: He ʻano maʻalahi loa nā enzymes i ka acidity a me ka alkalinity. ʻAʻole lākou e hana pono inā ʻoi aku ka acidic a i ʻole ka alkaline o ke kaiapuni. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka enzyme pepsin i loko o ko kākou ʻōpū e wāwahi i nā protein. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka acid i loko o kou ʻōpū, ʻaʻole hiki i ka pepsin ke hana pono.
• Mahana: Hana maikaʻi nā enzymes ke pae maʻamau ka mahana o kou kino , ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o 37 degere Celsius (37°C). Ke piʻi ka mahana, piʻi pū nā hopena enzyme. Eia nō naʻe, inā piʻi nui ka mahana, e pau ka hana a nā enzymes. ʻO ia ke kumu e lohi ai ka hana o ko mākou kino ke loaʻa iā mākou ke kuni kiʻekiʻe.

He aha nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā pilikia enzyme?

Hoʻomaka pinepine nā maʻi metabolic ke lawa ʻole kahi enzyme. Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia kēia mau mea ma o nā genes (hoʻoilina) mai nā mākua a i nā keiki. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā maʻi metabolic genetic maʻamau:

• ʻO ka maʻi Fabry : He kūlana kēia kahi hiki ʻole i ke kino ke hana i ka enzyme alpha-galactosidase A, ka mea e pono ai e wāwahi i nā lipid.
• ʻO ka maʻi Krabbe (globoid cell leukodystrophy): Hoʻopilikia kēia i nā enzymes e pono ai no ka uhi pale o nā hunaola nerve , ʻo ia hoʻi ka myelin (Central Nervous System).
• Maʻi mimi syrup maple: Hoʻopilikia kēia i nā enzymes e pono ai e wāwahi i kekahi mau waikawa amino kaulahao lālā .

Ma waho aʻe o kēia, aia kekahi mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hana ʻia e nā hemahema o ka enzyme:

• ʻO ka maʻi o Crohn: ʻO kahi kaulike ʻole o ka bacteria i loko o kou ʻōpū (gut microbiome ) hiki ke hana i kahi pane autoimmune i loko o ka ʻōpū. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopilikia i nā hōʻailona a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi o Crohn.
• ʻO ka lawa ʻole o ka pancreatic exocrine (EPI): ʻO kēia ka manawa ʻaʻole lawa ka hana ʻana o kāu pancreas i nā enzymes digestive, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke wāwahi pono i ka meaʻai a komo paha i nā meaʻai.
• ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka lactose: Hana ʻia kēia e ka nele o ka enzyme e pono ai ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka lactose, kahi kō i loaʻa i ka waiū a me nā huahana waiū.

Āhea ʻoe e ʻike ai i ke kauka e pili ana i kahi pilikia enzyme?

He mea hiki ʻole ke ʻike maopopo inā he pilikia enzyme kou me ka ʻole o kahi hoʻāʻo koko. Eia nō naʻe, he manaʻo maikaʻi e ʻike i ke kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona:

• ʻEha ʻōpū
• Pehu a kinoea paha
• Ka maʻi pākī
• Manaʻo luhi loa (Fatigue)
• Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi
• Ka pohō kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia
• Anemia
• Ke kahe koko ʻana o ka ʻōpū