Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes Type 2? A i ʻole ke hakakā nei ʻoe me ke kaumaha o ke kino (momona)? A laila ua haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kahi ʻano lāʻau hou e kamaʻilio nui ʻia nei e nā poʻe he nui i kēia mau lā. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia papa o nā lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo GLP-1 agonists. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o kēia mau mea, pehea lākou e hana ai, a me wai lākou e kūpono ai.
He aha nā agonists GLP-1?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo nā agonists GLP-1 kahi papa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā pae kō koko (glucose), ʻo ia hoʻi i nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes Type 2. Kōkua pū kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka momona, a i ʻole ke kaumaha o ke kino .
ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hele mai ma ke ʻano he inikini. ʻO ia hoʻi, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi syringe a me ka nila e inikini i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau wai. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia inikini i loko o ka ʻiʻo momona ma lalo o ka ʻili (inikini subcutaneous). Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia kēia inikini ma nā wahi i loaʻa ai ka momona ma ka ʻōpū, ke kua o nā ʻūhā, nā puʻupuʻu o luna, a me ke kua o nā lima. Loaʻa pū kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau waha, e like me nā papa Semaglutide (Rybelsus®).
Ua ʻike ʻia kēia hui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kekahi mau inoa ʻē aʻe:
- Nā agonists peptide-1 e like me Glucagon
- Nā agonists receptor GLP-1
- Nā mimetics incretin
He mea hou kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua ʻāpono ʻia ka agonist GLP-1 mua (exenatide) i ka makahiki 2005. Ke ʻimi nei nā kānaka noiʻi i nā hoʻohana ʻē aʻe no kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
Akā hoʻokahi mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai: ʻAʻole hiki i nā agonists GLP-1 wale nō ke ho'ōla loa i ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ka momona. Pono nā kūlana ʻelua i ka ʻai maikaʻi a me nā hoʻololi nohona .
Pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke kino?
I mea e maopopo ai pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e nānā mua kākou i kahi hormone i hana maoli ʻia i loko o ko kākou kino i kapa ʻia ʻo GLP-1. ʻO GLP-1 kahi hormone i hana ʻia e ko kākou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Hana ia i kekahi mau mea i loko o ko kākou kino.
- Kōkua i ka pancreas e hoʻokuʻu i ka insulin: ʻO ka insulin kahi hormone e pono ai no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai i ikehu. Hoʻemi ia i ka nui o ke kō i loko o ke koko. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka insulin, piʻi ka pae kō koko a ulu ka maʻi diabetes.
- Ua ālai ʻia ka hormone Glucagon: ʻO ka Glucagon kahi hormone e hoʻonui ai i nā pae kō koko i ka wā e pono ai. No laila, ālai ʻo GLP-1 i kēia, e pale ana i ke kō pono ʻole mai ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i loko o ke koko.
- Hoʻolohi i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ka ʻōpū: Ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai a hoʻokahe ʻia mai ka ʻōpū ma kahi wikiwiki, ua komo ke kō mai ka meaʻai i loko o ke koko. Kāohi kēia i ka piʻi koke ʻana o ke kō koko.
- Hoʻokumu ka ʻai ʻana i kahi manaʻo o ka piha (māʻona):Hoʻopilikia ka hormone GLP-1 i nā ʻāpana o ko kākou lolo e kaohi ana i ka pōloli a me ka māʻona.
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hana a kēia lāʻau agonist GLP-1, ʻo ia ke ʻano like me ka hormone GLP-1 i loko o ko mākou kino. ʻO ia hoʻi, hana ia 'e like me ia'. Hoʻopaʻa kēia lāʻau i nā mea loaʻa GLP-1 a hana i nā hana like me ka hormone kūlohelohe. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka lāʻau, ʻo ka nui o kēia hopena.
No wai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia?
ʻO ke kauka ke kuhikuhi nui nei i kēia mau lāʻau agonist GLP-1 no ʻelua mau kūlana: ka maʻi diabetes type 2 a me ka momona.
No ka maʻi diabetes ʻano 2
Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā agonists GLP-1, i hui pū ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi diabetes nui (metformin), inā ʻaʻole ia e kāohi pono i kāu kō koko, a i ʻole no nā kumu ʻē aʻe.
- Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka kaohi ʻana i ke kō koko me ka metformin wale nō.
- Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka metformin no nā kumu olakino ʻē aʻe.
- Inā ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o kāu pae A1C ma mua o ka pahuhopu.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka hāʻule ʻana o ka puʻuwai congestive, a i ʻole ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa.
No ka momona
Ua ʻae ʻia hoʻi nā agonists GLP-1 e like me Semaglutide lāua ʻo Liraglutide ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no ka momona no ka mea kōkua lākou i ka pohō kaumaha. Ua wehewehe ʻia ka momona ma ke ʻano he helu nui o ke kino (BMI) o 30 a ʻoi aku paha. Hiki i nā kauka ke kuhikuhi i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka poʻe momona (BMI 25-29.9) a he mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe (e.g., ke koko kiʻekiʻe, cholesterol), no ka mea, hiki i ka pohō kaumaha ke kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i kēlā mau kūlana.
Hiki i nā kānaka me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1 ke lawe i kēia mau mea?
Aia nō kēia i ke kahua noiʻi. ʻAʻole i ʻae ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi diabetes Type 1. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ia "off-label" inā pono. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia.
E aʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me kona mau hopena ʻaoʻao.
Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ka pinepine o kou lawe ʻana i kēia lāʻau. He mea nui loa ia e hahai pololei i kēlā mau kuhikuhi.
| Inoa lāʻau lapaʻau (GLP-1 Agonist) | Ka pinepine e lawe ai |
|---|---|
| ʻO Dulaglutide (Trulicity®) | Hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule |
| ʻO Exenatide (Byetta®) | ʻElua manawa i ka lā |
| ʻO Liraglutide (Victoza®) | Hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā |
| ʻO Semaglutide (Ozempic®, Rybelsus®) | Hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule (inikini) / i kēlā me kēia lā (nā pila) |
He aha nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau?
E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i kēia ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao.
- Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau: ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia i ka wā mua o ka mālama ʻana.
- Makemake nui
- Ka luaʻi
- Ka luaʻi ʻana
- Ka maʻi pākī
- Nā hopena ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe:
- Pōʻino
- Ka wikiwiki iki o ka puʻuwai
- ʻEha poʻo
- ʻŌpū huhū
- Nā hopena ʻaoʻao kakaikahi akā hiki ke koʻikoʻi:
- ʻO ka maʻi pancreatitis
- He ʻano maʻi kanesa thyroid (Medullary thyroid cancer)
- ʻEha puʻupaʻa koʻikoʻi
- Ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka retinopathy e pili ana i ka maʻi diabetes
He aha nā pilikia o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻOiai he palekana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano laulā, aia kekahi mau mea e makaʻala ai.
Nā hopena maʻi ʻaleka
Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe kahi hopena maʻi i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maneʻo mau a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula ma kahi i inikini ʻia, e haʻi i kāu kauka. Eia nō naʻe, he pilikia kahi hopena maʻi koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo anaphylaxis .
Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, ka ʻeha o ke kino, ka paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana, a i ʻole ka ʻūlū o ka umauma , e hele koke i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila kokoke loa.
E hoʻohana i ka wā hāpai
ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia nā agonists GLP-1 no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā hāpai . Inā ʻoe e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi ʻano hana kaohi hānau hilinaʻi. Inā hāpai ʻoe i ka wā e lawe ana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka.
Ke kō koko haʻahaʻa (Hypoglycemia)
Haʻahaʻa ka pilikia o ka hypoglycemia ke lawe wale ʻoe i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, inā lawe pū ʻoe me nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi diabetes ʻē aʻe, e like me ka insulin a i ʻole sulfonylureas, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia o ka hypoglycemia. Inā hāʻule kou kō koko ma lalo o 70 mg/dL, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me ka haʻalulu, ka hou ʻana, ka poniuniu, a me ka pōloli nui. Inā hana kēia, pono ʻoe e ʻai i kahi mea me ke kō (e like me ka mea inu kō, ka maiʻa) i ka hikiwawe loa.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO nā agonists GLP-1 kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka maʻi diabetes Type 2 a me ka momona, a hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he inikini.
- Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka hormone GLP-1 i loko o ko mākou kino, e hoʻonui ana i ka hana ʻana o ka insulin, e hana ana i kahi manaʻo o ka piha, a kōkua i ke kō a me ka kaohi kaumaha.
- I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea nui e hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka nohona a me nā ʻano ʻai. ʻAʻole lawa ka lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō.
- He mea maʻamau nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka nausea a me ka luaʻi ʻana i ka wā mua. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona maʻi ʻaleka koʻikoʻi (e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana) , e hele koke i ka ETU .
- Mai hoʻohana i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hāpai.
- E kūkākūkā wale me kāu kauka inā kūpono kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe, pehea e hoʻohana ai, a me ke ʻano o ka lāʻau.
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