Ua ʻike paha ʻoe, a i ʻole ua haʻi ʻia mai e ke kauka, he mau puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā puʻupuʻu i loko o kou kino, malia paha i loko o kou mau māmā, a i kekahi manawa ma kou ʻili? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "Granuloma" ma nā ʻōlelo lapaʻau. Mai makaʻu i kou lohe ʻana i kēia inoa, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ia e like me ke kanesa. Akā, he mea nui loa ia e ʻike pono i ke ʻano o ia mea, no ke aha e hana ʻia ai, a me ka mea e hana ai e pili ana i ia mea.
He aha ka granuloma? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou!
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he wahi liʻiliʻi ka granuloma o ka mumū e kū mai ana ma kekahi wahi o ko mākou kino. I kēia manawa ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka mumū. ʻO ka mumū ke ala e hakakā ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino i kahi mea ʻino i ko mākou kino, no ka laʻana he germ a i ʻole Fremdkörper (mea haole) e like me ke kākalaioa liʻiliʻi.
I loko o ka granuloma, kahi ʻano o ke koko keʻokeʻo i loko o ko kākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pūnaewele i kapa ʻia ʻo macrophages, e hoʻopuni ana i nā mea ʻē i komo i loko o ke kino a hoʻāʻo e pale aku iā ia mai ka laha ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Ua like ia me ka hoʻopuni ʻana i kahi ʻenemi a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana iā lākou. Hoʻohui pū kēia mau pūnaewele e hana i kahi puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole he hui.
Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia kēia mau granulomas i loko o nā māmā. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hana ma nā wahi āpau o ke kino, e like me ke akepaʻa, nā puʻupaʻa, a me ka ʻili.
He aha nā granulomas caseating a me nā granulomas non-caseating?
ʻOiai he mau huaʻōlelo lapaʻau kēia, he mea maikaʻi ke ʻike.
- Caseating Granuloma: Loaʻa i kēia ʻano granuloma nā ʻāpana make, a i ʻole necrosis. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia pēlā no ka mea ua like ia me kahi ʻāpana tīhi (no laila ka huaʻōlelo "caseating" ʻo ia hoʻi ka tīhi) ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hiki i ke alo o kēia mau ʻāpana make ke kōkua i nā kauka e hoʻoholo i ke kumu o ka granuloma. No ka laʻana, hāʻule nā granulomas i hoʻokumu ʻia e kekahi mau maʻi, e like me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, i loko o kēia māhele.
- ʻO ka granuloma non-caseating: ʻAʻohe o kēia ʻano granuloma i nā pūnaewele make. Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ia e nā kumu ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia, e like me ka sarcoidosis, a i ʻole nā kino ʻē i komo i loko o ke kino.
ʻO wai ka mea e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā granulomas?
ʻOiai hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa nā granulomas, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi poʻe iā lākou.
- ʻO nā kānaka me nā maʻi lōʻihi , e like me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu a me ka histoplasmosis.
- No nā poʻe me nā maʻi mumū lōʻihi , ʻo ka maʻi ʻo Crohn kekahi o ia ʻano maʻi.
- Hoʻomohala pū ʻia nā Granulomas i nā poʻe me ke ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo sarcoidosis , akā ʻaʻole maopopo ke kumu pololei.
He mea weliweli anei nā granulomas?
I ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole ia he mea weliweli ka loaʻa ʻana o hoʻokahi granuloma. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole kēia he maʻi kanesa. He pane wale nō ia mai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa hiki i kēia mau granuloma ke lilo i hōʻailona o kekahi maʻi lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. No laila e hopohopo ʻoe no lākou.
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka granuloma?
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole hōʻike nā granulomas i kekahi mau hōʻailona kikoʻī. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona, e hilinaʻi lākou i kahi o ka granuloma. Hiki nō hoʻi ke ʻike ʻia me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi i hoʻokumu i ka granuloma. ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau:
- Kuni.
- Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana (dyspnea).
- Kuke.
- Nā ʻōpū lymph pehu.
- E hou ana i ka pō.
- ʻUlaʻula a ʻeha paha nā maka.
- Nā pilikia ʻike.
- Nā puʻupuʻu paʻakikī a ʻeha ma ka ʻili.
- ʻEha poʻo.
Eia kekahi laʻana, inā loaʻa i kekahi kahi granuloma i loko o ko lākou mau māmā, hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me ke kuni ʻana a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana. Inā loaʻa ia ma ka ʻili, hiki ke ʻike ʻia he puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi.
He aha ke ʻano o ka granuloma?
ʻO nā granulomas e kū mai ana ma ka ʻili he mau puʻupuʻu paʻakikī a puʻupuʻu. Hiki ke ʻoi aku ka māmā a ʻeleʻele paha ko lākou kala ma mua o ka ʻili e hoʻopuni ana, a i kekahi manawa he kala poni-ʻulaʻula. Hiki i kekahi o lākou ke ʻeha i ka pā ʻana.
Inā ʻoe e nānā iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike ua paʻa loa nā pūnaewele i loko o ka granuloma. No laila, he mea paʻakikī i kekahi manawa ke ʻike i kahi e pau ai kekahi pūnaewele a hoʻomaka ka mea aʻe.
He aha ke kumu o nā granulomas?
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Granulomas i ka wā e hiki ʻole ai i kā mākou mau pūnaewele pale kino, ʻoiai nā macrophages, ke luku i kahi mea a lākou e manaʻo ai he mea weliweli. Hiki i kēia mea weliweli ke lilo i maʻi (e like me ka bacteria a i ʻole ka fungus) a i ʻole kekahi mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ko mākou kino (e like me kahi ʻāpana kaula humuhumu a i ʻole kahi kākalaioa i paʻa i ka ʻili).
He ʻano kūikawā nā macrophages o nā cell pale i loko o ko kākou kino. E like me nā robots liʻiliʻi, "moni" lākou a luku i nā mea ʻaʻole pono i ke kino. Akā inā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke luku i kekahi mea, huki ia i nā cell pale ʻē aʻe i ka wahi. I ka hopena, hui pū kēia mau cell a pau e hana i kahi hui paʻa, i kapa ʻia he granuloma.
I kekahi manawa, pane nui ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale a hoʻoulu i ka mumū ke ʻole he mea e hakakā ai. ʻIke ʻia kēia i kekahi mau maʻi autoimmune.
He aha nā maʻi e hoʻoulu ai i nā granulomas?
ʻO ke kumu nui o ka maʻi granulomas ʻo ia ka maʻi puʻupuʻu . Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā maʻi bacteria ʻē aʻe, nā maʻi fungal, nā parasites, a me nā virus ke hana i nā granulomas. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:
- ʻO ka Aspergillosis
- ʻO ka Blastomycosis
- Kandidiasis
- ʻO ka maʻi ʻōpala pōpoki, kahi maʻi i laha ʻia e nā pōpoki
- Coccidioidomycosis (One Fever)
- ʻO ka maʻi Cytomegalovirus (Cytomegalovirus)
- ʻO ka Histoplasmosis `(Histoplasmosis)`
- Lepera (ka maʻi Hansen)
- Ka maʻi ahulau
- ʻO Mycobacterium marinum (granuloma pahu iʻa)
Nā kumu autoimmune a me nā kumu ʻole o nā granulomas
ʻO Sarcoidosis, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ke kumu nui ʻole o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka granuloma. Aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe ma waho aʻe o kēlā:
- ʻO ka meaʻai a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe e komo ana i loko o nā māmā (aspiration)
- ʻO Berylliosis (ma muli o ka ʻike ʻana i ka metala beryllium)
- Ka maʻi granulomatous mau loa (CGD)
- ka maʻi o Crohn
- Fremdkörper (kino ʻē) i loko o ka ʻili. Eia kekahi laʻana: nā kaula humuhumu, ka ʻīnika peʻa, nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.
- ʻO ka Granulomatosis me ka polyangiitis
- kuni rumatika
- ʻO ka ʻāʻī rheumatoid
- ʻO ka granuloma sperm (kahi pilikia ma hope o ka vasectomy)
Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā he granuloma kou? (Diagnosis)
Ma muli o kahi o ka granuloma, hiki i ke kauka ke nānā iā ʻoe a hana i kahi "hoʻokolokolo kino" a i ʻole kahi hoʻāʻo kiʻi e like me ka "X-ray", "ultrasound", a i ʻole "CT scan" e loaʻa ai kahi manaʻo o kēia.
Eia nō naʻe, i mea e hōʻoia ai he granuloma kēia, pono e lawe ʻia kahi hāpana ʻiʻo a nānā ʻia. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he biopsy. Nānā ʻia kēia hāpana biopsy ma lalo o kahi microscope e kahi pathologist.
No ka mea, ʻaʻohe mea ʻino o ka hapa nui o nā granulomas, ʻaʻole paha e hana koke ke kauka i kahi biopsy. E kali paha lākou i kekahi manawa e ʻike inā e loli ka nui a i ʻole e nalo wale ia.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai nā granulomas?
ʻAʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā no hoʻokahi granuloma. No ka mea, he hopena pinepine ia o kahi maʻi olakino ma lalo , kālele nā kauka i ka mālama ʻana i ke kūlana ma lalo i hoʻokumu ai i ka granuloma.
E noʻonoʻo, inā he granulomas ko kekahi i loko o ko lākou mau māmā ma muli o ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi puʻupuʻu. A laila, i ka ho'ōla ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi, hiki ke emi iho nā granulomas.
Nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka granuloma
Ma muli o ke kumu, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e mālama ai i nā granulomas:
- E hōʻemi i ka mumū me nā corticosteroids .
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā granulomas ma muli o kahi maʻi autoimmune, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i nā immunosuppressants .
- Inā he maʻi ka kumu, e kuhikuhi ʻia ka lāʻau antibiotic, antifungal, a i ʻole antiparasitic kūpono.
Pehea e mālama ai i nā hōʻailona?
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi granuloma ʻeha, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka hōʻoluʻolu ma ka lawe ʻana i ka acetaminophen (e.g., Tylenol®) a i ʻole ibuprofen (e.g., Advil®, Motrin®). Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nānā ʻana me kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau. E nīnau iā ia e pili ana i nā mea ʻē aʻe e hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻana i kāu mau hōʻailona.
Hiki ke pale ʻia ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka granuloma?
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe mea hiki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe ke hana e pale aku i ka ulu ʻana o nā granulomas. He ʻāpana lākou o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi olakino ma lalo, e like me ka maʻi autoimmune a i ʻole kahi maʻi maʻi mau, ʻo ka mālama pono ʻana i kēlā kūlana hiki ke hōʻemi i kou pilikia o ka ulu ʻana o nā granulomas.
He aha ka mea e hana inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi granuloma? (He aha ka mea e manaʻo ai)
ʻAʻohe mea ʻino ka hapa nui o nā granulomas. Hiki iā lākou ke hele wale aku me ka ʻole o ka mālama ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole paha e hele maʻalahi nā granulomas calcified (nā granulomas i paʻakikī ma muli o nā waihona calcium). Ua ʻike paha ʻoe ua hōʻike ʻia kāu mau hōʻike kiʻi i ka granuloma calcified like no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole lākou e hele, ʻo nā granulomas calcified i noho mau ʻole no ka manawa lōʻihi he mea ʻino ʻole ia.
E haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana i nā kūlana olakino ma lalo e hiki ai ke kumu o kāu granulomas. Inā loaʻa pinepine iā ʻoe nā granulomas, hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i kāu mau hōʻailona.
Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho?
ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa hiki iā ʻoe ke hana, ʻo ia ke hoʻokele i kekahi mau kūlana olakino ma lalo e hiki ai ke kumu o kāu granuloma. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ke ʻano e mālama ai i kou kūlana kikoʻī.
Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?
E ʻike pono i ke kauka i kēia mau hihia:
- Inā kānalua ʻoe a hopohopo paha e pili ana i kahi kūlana olakino ma lalo e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka granuloma.
- Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i kahi granuloma i loaʻa i ke kauka ma kahi X-ray a i ʻole CT scan.
- Inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona hou, e like me ke kuni a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana, a inā e ʻoi aʻe ka ʻino o nā hōʻailona e kū nei.
He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i ke kauka?
He mea maikaʻi ke nīnau i kāu kauka i nā nīnau e like me kēia:
- Ke hoʻoikaika nei kekahi kūlana olakino iaʻu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā granulomas?
- Pono anei au e mālama ʻia no ka granuloma?
- Hiki iaʻu ke pale aku i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā granulomas?
- He aha kaʻu e hana ai e pili ana i nā hōʻailona o ka granuloma?
ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai (Leka Lawe-Home)
ʻO nā Granulomas kekahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana pale kūlohelohe o ko mākou kino. Hoʻomohala ka poʻe he nui iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mau puʻupuʻu i loko o nā māmā a i ʻole a puni kahi Fremdkörper (mea haole) ma ka ʻili. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole pono lākou i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a nalowale iā lākou iho.
Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi e like me ka sarcoidosis a i ʻole kahi maʻi autoimmune, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā granulomas. Inā he mau hopohopo kāu e pili ana i kēia, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka. Aia paha kekahi mau koho ʻē aʻe e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e mālama i kou kūlana. E noho olakino!
ʻO Granuloma, ka palekana, nā maʻi, nā puʻupuʻu ʻili, nā māmā, nā hōʻailona, ka lāʻau lapaʻau
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