He aha ke koko? (Koko) E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i kēia!

Ua loaʻa anei iā ʻoe kahi ʻeha liʻiliʻi a ʻike i kahi kulu a ʻelua paha o ke koko ʻulaʻula e puka mai ana mai loko mai? Malia paha ke ʻoki ʻoe i kou lima me kahi ʻāpana pepa. Ua ʻike mākou a pau he mea ʻulaʻula ke koko. Akā, he aha maoli kēia koko? He aha ke kuleana o kēia koko i loko o ko mākou kino? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia lā, e like me ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kahi hoaaloha.

He aha ke koko a no ke aha he mea nui ia iā kākou?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he mea nui ke koko no ko kākou ola. Ua like ia me ka ʻaila no ke kaʻa, ke koko no ko kākou kino. ʻO kēia koko ke lawe i nā mea e pono ai kēlā me kēia ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ko kākou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi, kēlā me kēia ʻiʻo a me nā ʻiʻo, e hana. E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me kahi lawelawe kalaka e lawe ana i nā waiwai ma loko o ke kūlanakauhale.

• Hoʻoili i ka oxygen: Ke hanu mākou, lawe ʻia ka oxygen e komo ana i loko o ko mākou mau māmā e ke koko i nā ʻāpana ma loko o ko mākou kino. Me ka ʻole o kēia oxygen, ʻaʻole hiki i kā mākou mau ʻāpana ke ola.
• Hāʻawi i ka meaʻai: ʻO nā meaʻai , e like me ka glucose, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a omo ʻia mai ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa ma o ke koko. ʻO kēia nā mea e hāʻawi i ka ikehu i ko mākou mau cell.
• Ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻōpala: Lawe ke koko i nā huahana ʻōpala ( e like me ke kalapona ʻokikene) i hana ʻia e ko kākou mau cell i nā māmā, kahi a kākou e hoʻokuʻu aku ai iā lākou. Kōkua pū ke koko i ka wehe ʻana i nā huahana ʻōpala ʻē aʻe mai ke kino ma o nā ʻōpū e like me nā puʻupaʻa a me ke akepaʻa.
• Pale i nā maʻi: Aia nā ʻāpana kūikawā i loko o ke koko e hakakā ana i nā germs, e like me nā bacteria a me nā virus, e komo i loko o ko mākou kino a pale iā mākou mai nā maʻi . Ua like ia me kahi pūʻali koa pale i loko o ko mākou kino.
• Lawe nā hormones i nā leka: He mau ʻelele kemika nā hormones e kaohi ana i kēlā me kēia hana i loko o ko kākou kino. Lawe ʻia kēia mau hormones mai kekahi wahi a i kekahi wahi i loko o ke koko.
• Hoʻoponopono i ka mahana o ke kino: Kōkua pū ke koko i ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana o ko mākou kino .
• Hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i ka wā e ʻeha ai: Hiki i ke koko ke kāohi i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ma ka pale ʻana i ke kahe nui ʻana mai kahi ʻeha liʻiliʻi, ma ke kumu ʻana i ke koko e paʻa (coagulation koko) .

ʻIke ʻoe, ʻaʻole ke koko he wai ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi wale nō. He mea paʻakikī loa ia a he mea kupaianaha hoʻi e hoʻomau nei i ke ola o ko kākou kino!

He aha ka mea i hana ʻia ai ke koko?

E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o nā mea e hana ai i kēia mea kupaianaha, ʻo ke koko. ʻElua mau ʻāpana nui o ke koko.

1. Plasma - ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana wai.

2. Nā hunaola koko - ʻO kēia nā ʻano hunaola e lana ana i loko o ka plasma.

He aha ka Plasma?

E noʻonoʻo, inā ua like ke koko me ka salakeke huaʻai, a laila plasmaUa like ia me ka syrup e lana ana i nā ʻāpana hua i loko o kēlā salakeke. Akā, he wai melemele kēia. He 55% wale nō o ko kākou koko he plasma .

ʻO ka wai ka mea nui o ka plasma. Akā, aia pū kekahi mau mea nui ʻē aʻe i loko:

• Nā Pūmua: Aia kekahi mau ʻano pūmua, e like me ka albumin, globulin, a me ka fibrinogen. Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ke koko, hana i nā antibodies e kūʻē i nā maʻi, a kōkua i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko.
• Nā Meaʻai: ʻO nā mea e like me ka glucose, nā waikawa amino, nā wikamina, a me nā waikawa momona a mākou i kamaʻilio ai ma mua ua lawe ʻia i nā cell ma o ke koko koko.
• Nā Hormone: ʻO nā hormones e kaohi ana i nā hana like ʻole i loko o ko mākou kino e hele a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kēia plasma.
• Nā Electrolytes: Nā paʻakai e like me ka sodium, potassium, a me ka calcium. He mea nui kēia no ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana nerve a me ka hana ʻiʻo.
• ʻŌpala: ʻO nā huahana ʻōpala e like me ka urea i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā pūnaewele e lawe ʻia i nā puʻupaʻa e ka plasma.

No laila, ʻaʻole wale ka plasma he wai, akā he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ia o ka ʻōnaehana halihali o ko mākou kino, ka lako meaʻai, ka hoʻolei ʻōpala, a me ka ʻōnaehana pale.

He aha nā ʻano o nā hunaola koko?

I kēia manawa, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i nā hunaola koko e lana ana i loko o kahi wai i kapa ʻia ʻo plasma. ʻEkolu mau ʻano nui o kēia mau hunaola koko. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano kahi hana kikoʻī.

1. Nā Kelepona Koko ʻUlaʻula / Nā Erythrocytes - ʻO nā kelepona e lawe mai i ke ola i ko kākou kino!

ʻO kēia ke ʻano o nā cell i nui loa i loko o ko kākou koko. I ka pololei, ʻo kēia mau cell koko ʻulaʻula ka mea e hāʻawi ai i ke koko i kona kala ʻulaʻula. He mau disc biconcave liʻiliʻi loa kēia mau cell. E noʻonoʻo iā lākou he donut liʻiliʻi, akā ma kahi o kahi lua ma waena, aia kahi lua ma waena.

• Hana nui: ʻO kahi protein kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo "Hemoglobin" i loko o nā ʻulaʻula koko e ʻae i kēia mau ʻulaʻula e lawe i ka oxygen . ʻO ka oxygen a mākou e lawe ai mai nā māmā e hoʻopaʻa i ka hemoglobin a lawe ʻia e nā ʻulaʻula koko i nā ʻulaʻula koko ʻē aʻe a pau o ke kino. Kōkua pū lākou i ka lawe ʻana mai i kekahi o ke kalapona ʻokikene i hana ʻia i loko o nā ʻulaʻula i nā māmā.
• Ka Lā Ola: Hoʻokahi ke koko ʻulaʻula e ola ana no kahi o 120 mau lā. Ma hope o kēlā, ua luku ʻia lākou i loko o ke akepaʻa a me ka spleen, a ua hana ʻia nā keena hou.
• Ma hea lākou i hana ʻia ai?: Hana ʻia nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula ma kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo ka iwi iwi i loko o ko kākou mau iwi nui.
• Nā pilikia: Inā emi ka helu o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, a inā emi ka nui o ka hemoglobin, ʻaʻole lawa ka oxygen i ko mākou kino. Kāhea mākou i kēia maʻi he "Anemia" . A laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona e like me ka luhi, ka mae, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana.

2. Nā Kelepona Koko Keʻokeʻo / Leukocytes - Nā koa pale o ke kino!

ʻO nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo nā koa nui o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino . ʻOi aku ko lākou nui ma mua o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ko lākou helu i loko o ke koko ma mua o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.

• Hana nui: ʻO ka hana nui o kēia mau pūnaewele, ʻo ia ke kaua a me ka luku ʻana i nā germs (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites) e komo i loko o ko mākou kino, a pale iā mākou mai nā maʻi . Kōkua pū lākou i ka ʻike a me ka luku ʻana i nā pūnaewele ʻē, e like me nā pūnaewele maʻi kanesa.
• Nā ʻano like ʻole: ʻAʻole hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano o ke koko keʻokeʻo. E like me nā regiment like ʻole i loko o kahi pūʻali koa, aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā koko keʻokeʻo. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano kahi hana kikoʻī:
• Nā Neutrophils: ʻO kēia ke ʻano nui loa o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo. Hoʻouka nui lākou i nā maʻi bacteria.
• Nā Lymphocytes: ʻElua ʻano lymphocytes, nā cell-B a me nā cell-T. Hoʻopuka nā cell-B i nā antibodies . He mau protein kūikawā kēia mau antibodies e kōkua i ka ʻike a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā germs. Hoʻopau pololei nā cell-T i nā cell i loaʻa i ka maʻi a kāohi i nā cell immune ʻē aʻe.
• Nā Monocytes: ʻO kēia nā keʻena koko keʻokeʻo nui loa. Ke neʻe lākou mai ke koko i loko o nā ʻiʻo, lilo lākou i mau keʻena i kapa ʻia ʻo macrophages, ka mea e "moni" a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā germs, nā keʻena make, a me nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe.
• ʻO Eosinophils: Ke kaua nui nei kēia mau mea i nā maʻi parasitic. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia lākou i nā hopena allergies.
• Nā Basophils: ʻO kēia ke ʻano liʻiliʻi loa o nā hunaola koko keʻokeʻo. Hoʻokuʻu lākou i nā kemika e like me ka histamine i ka wā o nā hopena allergies.
• Ma hea lākou i hana ʻia ai?: Hana ʻia kēia mau hunaola koko keʻokeʻo ma ka iwi iwi. Hoʻomohala pū kekahi mau ʻano, e like me nā lymphocytes, ma nā wahi e like me nā lymph nodes.
• Nā pilikia: ʻO ka helu o nā keʻokeʻo koko kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa paha e hōʻike i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole. No ka laʻana, hiki i kahi maʻi ke hoʻonui i ka helu o nā keʻokeʻo koko. ʻO ka leukemia kahi maʻi ʻaʻai o nā keʻokeʻo koko.

3. Nā Platelets / Thrombocytes - ʻO nā koa liʻiliʻi e hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko!

ʻAʻole maoli nā platelets he mau pūnaewele holoʻokoʻa. He mau ʻāpana pūnaewele liʻiliʻi loa lākou e haki ana mai nā pūnaewele nui i kapa ʻia ʻo megakaryocytes i loko o ka iwi iwi. ʻAʻohe o lākou nucleus.

• ʻO ka hana nui: Inā loaʻa iā mākou kahi ʻeha ma kekahi wahi o ko mākou kino a haki kekahi kīʻaha koko, kōkua ia i ka hoʻōki ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.ʻO kēia ka hana nui o kēia mau platelets koko. Hiki lākou i kahi o ka ʻeha a hui pū e hana i kahi "plug" pipili. A laila hui pū lākou me kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo fibrinogen i loko o ka plasma e hana i kahi clot koko, e hoʻōki loa ana i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
• Ma hea lākou i hana ʻia ai?: Hana ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o ka iwi iwi.
• Nā pilikia: Inā emi ka helu o nā platelets koko (ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano he 'Thrombocytopenia'), hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko. A laila, hiki i kahi ʻeha liʻiliʻi ke paʻakikī ke hoʻōki i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, a hiki i ka ʻili ke palapū maʻalahi. Ua lohe paha ʻoe e emi ana kēia helu o nā platelets koko i nā maʻi e like me ka dengue. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka helu o nā platelets a i ʻole kā lākou hana maʻamau ʻole e alakaʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā clots koko pono ʻole ('Thrombosis').

I kēia manawa ua maopopo paha iā ʻoe ʻaʻole wale ke koko he wai ʻulaʻula, akā, pehea ka nui o nā mea paʻakikī a kupaianaha e hana ʻia ana i loko.

No ke aha i ʻulaʻula ai ke koko?

He pilikia kēia i loaʻa i nā kānaka he nui. E like me kā mākou i kūkākūkā ai, ʻulaʻula ke koko ma muli o kahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo hemoglobin i loko o nā ʻulaʻula koko . Loaʻa i kēia hemoglobin ka hao. Ke hoʻopaʻa ka hemoglobin i ka oxygen (oxyhemoglobin), lilo ia i kala ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e ʻike pinepine ai i loko o ke koko i loko o nā aʻa. ʻO ke koko i loko o nā aʻa, nona ka oxygen liʻiliʻi (deoxyhemoglobin), lilo i kala ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele iki, poni. Eia nō naʻe, he koko polū a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha ko kekahi mau holoholona, ​​no ka mea, he mau kemika like ʻole ko lākou koko e lawe ana i ka oxygen. He ʻulaʻula ko mākou koko ma muli o ka hemoglobin!

He ʻano koko like anei ko kākou a pau? E aʻo iki kākou e pili ana i nā ʻano koko.

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i nā moʻolelo e like me "ʻO koʻu ʻano koko he B maikaʻi" a "Pono ka lā i ke koko ʻO maikaʻi ʻole." ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole like ke koko o kēlā me kēia kanaka. Aia kekahi mea i kapa ʻia ʻo 'nā hui koko' .

Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia mau ʻano koko e nā protein kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Antigens' ma luna o ka ʻili o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā ʻōnaehana ʻano koko koʻikoʻi ʻelua:

1. ʻŌnaehana ABO: No laila, ʻehā mau ʻano koko: A, B, AB, a me O.

2. ʻŌnaehana Rh: No laila, aia ʻelua ʻano: Rh maikaʻi (loaʻa ka Rh factor) a me Rh maikaʻi ʻole (ʻaʻohe Rh factor).

Hoʻohui pinepine mākou i nā ʻōnaehana koko ABO a me Rh (e.g. A maikaʻi, O maikaʻi ʻole).

No ke aha he mea nui kēia mau ʻano koko?

ʻO ka mea nui loa, i ka hoʻoili koko ʻana , ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko i kekahi, pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i kahi ʻano koko kūpono. Inā hāʻawi ʻoe i kahi ʻano koko kūpono ʻole, hiki ke loaʻa kahi hopena weliweli ('Transfusion reaction') i loko o ke kino o ka mea e loaʻa ana ke koko a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. ʻO ia ke kumu, inā paha e hāʻawi ana i ke koko a i ʻole e loaʻa ana ke koko, ua ʻike pololei ʻia ke ʻano koko a ua kūlike.

He aha kā mākou e hana ai e mālama i ke olakino o ko mākou koko?

He mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana i ke koko olakino, kahi mea e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ko kākou kino. Aia kekahi mau mea maʻalahi hiki iā kākou ke hana e kōkua:

• ʻAi kaulike: Pono ʻoe e ʻai i nā meaʻai waiwai i ka hao (nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula, nā legume), ka waikawa folic, a me ka huaora B12 (he mea nui kēia no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula). E hōʻoia e hoʻokomo i nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai hou i kāu papaʻai.
• E inu i ka wai lawa: ʻO ke koko ka wai nui (plasma). No laila, he mea nui e pale i ka maloʻo ʻana o ke kino no ke olakino o ke koko.
• E hoʻoikaika kino mau: Hoʻomaikaʻi ka hoʻoikaika kino i ka helu o ka puʻuwai a me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
• E pale i ka puhipaka a me ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona: He mea ʻino kēia mau hana i ke koko a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa.
• Nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau: Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau e like me ka helu koko piha (FBC) ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilikia koko i ka wā mua.

E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo ke ola kino olakino ke kī maikaʻi loa i kahi ʻōnaehana koko olakino!

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo: Nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

ʻAe, ua kamaʻilio nui kākou e pili ana i ke koko i kēia lā, ʻeā?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he mea ola ke koko e lawe ana i ka oxygen a me nā meaʻai i kēlā me kēia cell i loko o ko mākou kino, hoʻopau i nā huahana ʻōpala , pale iā mākou mai nā maʻi , a hana i nā hana koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe he nui.

Ua hana ʻia ke koko me nā ʻele i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Nā Kelepona Koko ʻUlaʻula' , 'Nā Kelepona Koko Keʻokeʻo' , a me 'Nā Platelets', e lana ana i loko o kahi wai i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Plasma' . Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o kēia mau ʻele kahi hana kikoʻī.

He mea nui loa ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano ʻai maikaʻi, ka hoʻoikaika kino, a me ka noho mamao aku mai nā ʻano maikaʻi ʻole e mālama ai i ke olakino o ko kākou koko.

Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu e pili ana i kou koko, mai kānalua e nīnau i ke kauka. ʻO ka ʻike i kou kino ke ala maikaʻi loa e ola ai i kahi ola olakino.

Ua maopopo iaʻu? Ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo ua ʻoi aku kou maopopo i kēia wai ʻulaʻula ʻē e holo ana i loko o kou kino!

Koko , Plasma, Nā Kelepona Koko ʻUlaʻula, Nā Kelepona Koko Keʻokeʻo, Nā Platelets, Hemoglobin, Nā Hui Koko