E aʻo hou aʻe kākou e pili ana i ka maʻi Lepera a i ʻole ka maʻi Hansen.

Ke ʻōlelo ʻoe he 'lepera', e hopohopo iki paha ʻoe, ʻeā? I ka wā ma mua, he maʻi kēia i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai nā kānaka a makaʻu ʻia i ka wā i loaʻa ai iā lākou. Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i kēia manawa he maʻi hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ka lepera ʻaʻole hiki ke laha maʻalahi. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi bacteria ka maʻi lepera. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia nui i kou mau aʻalolo, ʻili, maka, ʻiʻo, a me ka ʻōnaehana hanu . I kekahi manawa hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i ke kala o ka ʻili, ka mae ʻana, a me ke kīnā mau loa inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia.

Aia nō anei ka maʻi lepera ma ke ao nei?

ʻAe, aia nō ka maʻi lepera ma ka honua. Ma kahi o ʻelua haneli tausani mau hihia hou i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, ma kekahi mau ʻāina, no ka laʻana, ma nā ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika, he mea kakaikahi loa ia. Eia nō naʻe, ma nā ʻāina ʻĀsia e like me kā mākou, nā ʻāina ʻApelika a me ʻAmelika Hema, ʻike mau ʻia kēia maʻi. ʻOiai ua hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā hihia lepera ma Sri Lanka, he mea naʻauao ke ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli ʻē i kou ʻili.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻo Hansen?

ʻIke mālie ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi lēpela. I kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona i nā makahiki, a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻumi makahiki, ma hope o ke komo ʻana o ka bacteria i loko o ke kino . ʻO nā hōʻailona nui e ʻike ʻia:

• Nā lepili ʻili: He ʻokoʻa kēia mai ka ʻili maʻamau. Hiki ke loli ke kala (palupalu), ʻulaʻula, mānoanoa, pehu, a mae paha. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kihi o kēia mau lepili i luna.
• Nā puʻupuʻu ʻulaʻula a poni paha: Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻili e like me nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā ​​​​puʻupuʻu ma nā wahi.
• ʻEha ʻeha ʻole ma nā kapuwaʻi wāwae: Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻeha ʻeha ʻole, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā kapuwaʻi wāwae. He mea weliweli loa kēia, no ka mea, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike he ʻeha kou, hiki ke pala a ulu nui.
• Nā aʻalolo pehu: Hiki i kekahi mau aʻalolo ke pehu a palupalu ke hoʻopā ʻia.
• Nāwaliwali a i ʻole ka maʻi lolo: Ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo, a i kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke nalowale ka hana o ka lālā (paralysis).
• ʻO ka nalowale o ka lauoho kuʻemaka a i ʻole ka lihilihi maka: He hōʻailona kēia i ʻike ʻia e kekahi poʻe.
• Nā pilikia ʻike: Hiki ke emi iho ka ʻike a hiki mai paha nā pilikia maka ʻē aʻe.

Pehea e laha ai ka maʻi lepera?

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi lepera e kahi bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo Mycobacterium leprae. ʻAʻole maopopo loa i nā kauka pehea e laha ai mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka. Akā, ʻo ka mea paha e laha ana ma o nā kulu liʻiliʻi e komo i ka lewa i ka wā e ʻū ai a ʻūhā paha ka mea maʻi .

ʻAe, he maʻi lele ka maʻi lēpela. Akā , ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka laha ʻana ma mua o kou manaʻo. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi lēpela, pono ʻoe e pili pono me kahi kanaka i loaʻa i ka maʻi no nā mahina . Eia kekahi, ke kaua nei ka hapa nui o nā ʻōnaehana pale o ka poʻe i ka bacteria a mālama iā ia.ʻO ka mea nui loa, ke hoʻomaka ʻoe e loaʻa ka lāʻau no ka maʻi lēpela, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolaha i ka maʻi i kekahi.

Mai hopohopo! ʻAʻole laha maʻalahi ka maʻi lepera. Ke mālama ʻia, e pau loa ka laha ʻana.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi lēpela?

ʻO ka poʻe e noho ana ma nā wahi i laha nui ai ka maʻi lepera ka poʻe i ka pilikia nui loa. ʻO kēia kekahi mau ʻāpana o ʻAsia, ʻApelika, a me ʻAmelika Hema. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā hihia lepera ma Sri Lanka, no laila he mea naʻauao ke ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i kou ʻili.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana ma muli o ka maʻi lēpela?

Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia ka maʻi lepera, hiki ke loaʻa nā pilikia like ʻole. Hiki i kekahi o kēia mau mea ke mau loa:

• Ka maʻi lolo mau loa.
• Ka hōʻino mau loa i nā lima a me nā wāwae: Hiki i kēia ke paʻakikī i ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou.
• Nā loli mau loa i ke ʻano: Hiki ke loli i ka maka a me ka ʻili.
• Manamana lima pōkole: Hiki ke pōkole a kīnā nā manamana lima o nā lālā.
• Nā ʻeha ʻaʻole e ho'ōla: ʻO nā ʻeha, ʻoiai nā mea ma nā wahi mae, hiki ke hoʻomau me ka ʻole o ka ho'ōla ʻana.
• Makapō.
• ʻEha mau loa.

ʻO ia ke kumu a mākou e ʻōlelo nei he mea nui loa ke ʻike i ke kauka a hoʻomaka i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā e ʻike ai ʻoe i nā hōʻailona .

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i ka maʻi lēpera?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi lēpela, e nānā ke kauka iā ʻoe. ʻO lākou ka mea nui:

• Ka hoʻokolokolo kino: E nānā pono ʻia kou ʻili, a e nānā ʻia ʻoe no ka mae ʻana a me nā aʻalolo pehu.
• Ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili a i ʻole ke aʻalolo (Biopsy): No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka maʻi, hiki ke lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili (skin biopsy) a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. I kekahi manawa hiki ke lawe ʻia kekahi ʻāpana o ke aʻalolo.
• Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe: Hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua koko a me nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokele aʻalolo.

Ma muli o kou mau hōʻailona, ​​e haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka maʻi lēpera āu. Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui:

• Lepera Tuberculoid / Lepera Paucibacillary: ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā hōʻailona i kēia ʻano. He mau ʻāpana keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha ma ka ʻili, nāwaliwali iki o nā ʻiʻo, a me ka mae iki ʻana o ka ʻiʻo. He haʻahaʻa ka helu o nā bacteria i kēia ʻano.
• Lepromatous leper / Multibacillary leper: ʻOi aku ka nui o nā hōʻailona o kēia ʻano. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻeha a me nā puʻupuʻu ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Hiki ke hōʻino ʻia nā aʻalolo, ka ʻili, a me nā ʻōpū o loko. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia e ka nui o nā bacteria.
• Lepera palena / Lepera dimorphous: Loaʻa paha i kēia kahi hui pū ʻana o nā hiʻohiʻona mai nā ʻano ʻelua i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi lepera?

ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa: hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ka maʻi lepera!Hoʻohana nā kauka i ka hui pū ʻana o nā lāʻau antibiotic, kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo Multidrug Therapy (MDT), e pepehi i ka bacteria.

ʻO nā antibiotics nui i hāʻawi ʻia:

• ʻO Dapsone
• ʻO ka Rifampin
• ʻO ke klofazimina

Pono ʻoe e lawe mau i kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no 6 a 12 mau mahina (ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki) . ʻOiai inā e hoʻomaikaʻi kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​pono ʻoe e lawe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka manawa piha a kāu kauka e haʻi aku ai iā ʻoe. ʻAʻohe pono e hoʻokaʻawale iā ʻoe iho mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i kou wā e mālama ʻia ai.

I kekahi manawa, ʻōlelo paha nā kauka i ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i nā ʻōpū ʻili a kōkua i ka hōʻino ʻana o nā aʻalolo.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau ʻeha ʻili, ka mae ʻana o ka ʻili, a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo, e ʻike koke i ke kauka. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoholo inā he maʻi lepera a i ʻole kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana e maʻalahi ai ka mālama ʻana a hōʻemi i nā pilikia.

E noʻonoʻo, aia kekahi kanaka i kapa ʻia ʻo Nilanthi. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i kahi wahi ʻeleʻele a mae iki ma kona lima. Ua hoʻowahāwahā ʻo ia. Ma hope o kekahi mau lā, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻili a puni ka wahi e mānoanoa. Ua makaʻu ʻo ia a hele akula e ʻike i ke kauka, a ʻike wale ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi lepera. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua ʻike mua ʻia ʻo ia a ua ola koke me ka mālama ʻana.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka maʻi lepera?

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi lepera. Eia nō naʻe, inā pili kokoke ʻoe me kahi mea maʻi lepera (no ka laʻana, e noho ana ma ka hale hoʻokahi), hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e hoʻāʻo ʻia ʻoe i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. Ma kēia ʻano, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hōʻailona.

He aha ka mea e hana ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka maʻi lepera?

Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe he maʻi lēpela, e hoʻomaka koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka hiki ke loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi a mau loa paha. E nānā kāu kauka iā ʻoe no kekahi mau makahiki ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hiki i nā lāʻau antibiotic ke ho'ōla i ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke mau loa ka pōʻino a me ke kīnā o ke aʻalolo i hana mua ʻia e ka maʻi lepera . I kekahi manawa, hiki i kēia pōʻino ke ʻoi aku ka ʻino a hiki i nā makahiki ma hope o ka mālama ʻana. No laila he mea nui ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.

He aha ke ola o ka maʻi lepera?

Inā mālama pono ʻia, hiki i ke kanaka me ka maʻi lēpela liʻiliʻi ke manaʻo e ola like me ke kanaka olakino. Eia nō naʻe , inā waiho ʻole ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiki i ka maʻi lēpela ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi a me ka make.

Aia nō anei nā kolone lepera?

ʻAe, aia nō kekahi mau kolone lepera. I ka wā ma mua, ua manaʻo ka poʻe e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā maʻi lepera mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma muli o ka kuhihewa a me ka makaʻu i ka maʻi. Akā i kēia manawa ua ʻike mākou ʻaʻole ia he ʻoiaʻiʻo.Ua mālama ʻia nā maʻi he nui i kēia manawa ma ke ʻano outpatient, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka home. Akā, noho mau kekahi poʻe ma ia mau kaiāulu, malia paha ma muli o ka stigma o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻana, a no ka mea, ʻo ia ko lākou home no nā makahiki.

Ma Sri Lanka, aia nā haukapila lepera ma nā wahi e like me Hendala lāua ʻo Manthivu. Akā i kēia manawa, no ka mea ua holomua nā ʻano lapaʻau, ʻaʻole pono hou kēlā ʻano hoʻokaʻawale.

He maʻi laha ma ke ʻano moekolohe (STD) anei ka maʻi lēpera?

ʻAʻole. ʻAʻole ka maʻi lepera he maʻi i laha ma ke ʻano moekolohe (STI). Ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopilikia nui ia i ka ʻōnaehana hanu.

Hiki i nā armadillos ke hoʻolaha i ka maʻi lepera?

ʻAe, hiki i kekahi mau armadillos. Hiki i kekahi mau ʻano armadillo ma ka hema o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Mekiko ke lawe i ka bacteria lepera i loko o ko lākou kino a hoʻoili iā ia i nā kānaka. Akā he mea kakaikahi loa kēia.

I ka wā ma mua, ua makaʻu ka poʻe i ka huaʻōlelo lepera a ua pale aku i ka poʻe i loaʻa iā ia. ʻO ke kumu o kēia, ʻaʻohe ʻike kūpono o ka maʻi i kēlā manawa. Akā i kēia lā ua ʻike mākou i ke kumu o ka lepera, hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia, a ʻaʻole hiki ke laha maʻalahi.

ʻO ka mea kaumaha, aia nō kekahi poʻe i nā manaʻo kuhihewa e pili ana i ka maʻi. Ke hana mau nei nā loea olakino a puni ka honua e hoʻopau i kēia stigma a hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka manaʻo o ka poʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi lepera.

No laila, he aha nā mea e pono ai kākou e hoʻomanaʻo mai kēia moʻolelo?

• He maʻi bacteria ka lepera, ʻaʻole ia he maʻi koʻikoʻi a pohihihi.
• Hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia kēia me kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo "Multidrug Therapy (MDT)".
• ʻAʻole hiki ke laha maʻalahi ka maʻi lepera mai ke kanaka a i ke kanaka. Pono ia i ka pilina pili no ka manawa lōʻihi.
• Ke hoʻomaka ʻoe e loaʻa ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopili i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe.
• E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me ke kala ʻana o ka ʻili, ka mae ʻana o ka ʻiʻo, a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo. Hiki i ka ʻike mua ʻana ke hōʻemi i nā pilikia.
• ʻAʻohe kumu e hoʻokaʻawale ai a makaʻu paha i ka poʻe lepera. Pono lākou i ko kākou aloha, lokomaikaʻi, a me ke kākoʻo.

ʻO ka maʻi lepera, ka maʻi Hansen, nā maʻi ʻili, ka hōʻino ʻana o ke aʻalolo, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka laha ʻana, nā hōʻailona, ​​​​bacteria, ka maʻi, ka mae ʻana o ka hanu, MDT