Skip to main content

Makaʻu i kahi scan MRI? E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i ia mea (MRI Scan)

Makaʻu i kahi scan MRI? E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i ia mea (MRI Scan)

Ke haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kahi scan MRI , makaʻu iki paha ʻoe a hoihoi paha. He mea maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻana o nā nīnau he nui e like me, "He aha ka MRI ?", "E ʻeha anei?", "Pono anei au e komo i loko o kahi mīkini nui?" Akā, ʻaʻohe kumu e makaʻu ai. ʻO ka MRI kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua koʻikoʻi a palekana loa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia lā. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ia mea ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa.

He aha kēia kiʻi MRI?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo MRI kahi huaʻōlelo pōkole no Magnetic Resonance Imaging . Hoʻohana ia i kahi kahua magnetic ikaika loa, nā nalu lekiō, a me ka ʻenehana kamepiula e lawe i nā kiʻi maopopo a kikoʻī loa o nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻiʻo i loko o kou kino.

ʻO kekahi o nā pono nui o kēia, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohana i kekahi radiation e hōʻino i ke kino, ʻaʻole e like me nā X - ray a i ʻole nā ​​​​scan CT . No laila, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he hoʻāʻo palekana loa.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka MRI a me ka CT scan?

He nui ka poʻe e huikau ana ma waena o kēia mau ʻano scan ʻelua. ʻOiai ke kiʻi nei lāua ʻelua i nā kiʻi o loko o ke kino, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano hana a me nā kūlana i hoʻohana ʻia ai. E nānā kākou i ka ʻokoʻa.

Hiʻona MRI Scan CT Scan
ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia Nā kahua magnetic ikaika a me nā nalu lekiō. Nā kukuna X a me ka ʻenehana kamepiula.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o No nā pilikia me nā ʻiʻo palupalu (e like me ka lolo, nā ʻiʻo, nā ligaments), ka ʻōnaehana nerve, a me nā hono.No nā haki, nā puʻupuʻu, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko, a me nā pilikia.
Ka manawa i hoʻolilo ʻia ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki ke hala mai 30 mau minuke a i hoʻokahi hola a ʻoi aku paha. Wikiwiki loa. Hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia i loko o 10-15 mau minuke wale nō.
Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka radiation ʻAʻole. Palekana loa. ʻAe. Hoʻohana ia i nā kukuna X.
Nā kikoʻī ma nā kiʻi Kikoʻī loa. Hōʻike maikaʻi loa i nā loli i nā ʻiʻo palupalu. Maikaʻi nā kikoʻī, akā, ʻaʻole i kikoʻī e like me ka MRI.

He aha nā maʻi e hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka MRI scan?

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi MRI e nānā i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana i kahi MRI e ʻike i kahi maʻi a i ʻole e ʻike pehea e pane ai kou kino i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ka lolo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo

Nā Puʻuwai a me nā Kiʻaha Koko

  • Nā kīʻaha koko i ālai ʻia
  • ʻO ka pōʻino i hana ʻia e ka hōʻeha puʻuwai
  • Maʻi puʻuwai
  • ʻO ka mumū o ka membrane e hoʻopuni ana i ka puʻuwai (pericarditis)
  • Nā pilikia me ka aorta

Nā iwi a me nā hono

  • Nā maʻi hono e like me ka arthritis
  • Nā maʻi iwi
  • Ka maʻi ʻaʻai iwi
  • ʻO ka hōʻino ʻana i nā hono, e like me nā ligaments i haehae ʻia
  • Nā pilikia me nā diski ma waena o nā vertebrae o ka iwi kuamoʻo

Hiki i kahi scan MRI ke ʻike maopopo i nā maʻi, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā hono e like me ke kuli a me ka poʻohiwi.

Eia kekahi, he mea nui loa ka MRI no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o nā ʻōpū e like me ka umauma, ke akepaʻa, nā puʻupaʻa, ka uterus, a me ka prostate.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia me kahi scan MRI?

He hoʻāʻo palekana loa ka MRI, akā aia kekahi mau mea e makaʻala ai i kekahi mau kūlana.

Inā he mau ʻāpana metala i loko o ke kino

ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa a koʻikoʻi e makaʻala ai . He magnet ikaika loa ko ka mīkini MRI. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho i kekahi mea metala i loko a i waho paha o kou kino. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i nā limahana e pili ana i kēia ma mua o ke scan.

E hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka a me ke koʻokoʻo MRI inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana ma kou kino:

  • Mea hana pacemaker a i ʻole ka mea ICD
  • Nā ʻoki aneurysm no nā aneurysm o ka lolo
  • Nā mea hoʻokomo cochlear
  • Nā pamu lāʻau i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ke kino
  • Nā kiwikā puʻuwai hana
  • Nā ʻāpana pōkā a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana metala ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kino
  • Nā hui hana, nā pine a i ʻole nā ​​wili

He nui nā pacemakers hou a me nā hono hana i kūlike me ka MRI, akā he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e pili ana i kēia ma mua o ke scan.

Ka hāpai ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū

Inā hāpai ʻoe, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka trimester mua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi scan MRI ke ʻole he mea pono loa. Pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā i kēia me kāu kauka. He palekana ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi scan MRI, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e hānai waiū ana. I kekahi manawa, inā hoʻohana ʻia ka mea hoʻohālikelike, e aʻo ʻia paha ʻoe e pale i ka hānai waiū no kahi o 24 mau hola.

Wai hoʻohālikelike

I kekahi mau scan MRI, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai kūikawā (contrast dye) i loko o kahi aa koko ma ka lima e loaʻa ai nā kiʻi maopopo. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no kēia ʻo ia ka gadolinium. Pono ka poʻe me nā maʻi allergies i kēia a me ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻupaʻa koʻikoʻi e hoʻomaopopo i ke kauka e pili ana i kēia ma mua.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi MRI?

Aia kekahi mau mea e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ma mua o kou hele ʻana no kahi MRI.

Hoʻomākaukau ma mua o ke kiʻi MRI
He aha kāu e haʻi aku ai i kāu kauka a me nā limahana:
  • Ua hāpai ʻoe, a i ʻole he kānalua paha kāu no ia mea?
  • Inā he maʻi ʻaleka kou, ka hānō, nā maʻi puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ke akepaʻa.
  • Inā paha iā ʻoe kekahi o nā mea hao i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻāpana i loko o kou kino.
  • Inā paha he makaʻu kou i nā wahi paʻa a liʻiliʻi (claustrophobia). (Inā pēlā, hāʻawi paha lākou iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻoluʻolu iā ʻoe.)
  • Inā he mau peʻa kou, e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo iā lākou no ka mea aia paha he metala i loko o kekahi ʻano ʻīnika.
Nā mea e pale aku ai a e wehe aku mai ka lumi scan:
  • Nā mea hoʻonani a pau (nā apo pepeiao, nā lei, nā apo, nā kūpeʻe lima)
  • Uaki
  • Kelepona paʻalima, nā kāleka hōʻaiʻē
  • Nā aniani maka, nā pine lauoho, nā mea kōkua lohe
  • Pale umauma uea ʻole
  • Nā niho kuʻi hiki ke wehe ʻia
  • Nā mea hao a pau e like me nā kī, nā ʻāpana kālā, a pēlā aku.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i nā lole ʻoluʻolu a palupalu me ka ʻole o nā pihi hao a i ʻole nā ​​zippers i ka lā o ke scan. E hāʻawi pinepine lākou iā ʻoe i kahi lole kūikawā e ʻaʻahu ai.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o ke scan?

E moe ʻoe ma luna o kahi papa e neʻe mālie ana i loko o ka scanner. No ka mea he mea nui e noho mālie i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻoe me nā kaula.

Ke holo nei ka mīkini, e lohe ʻoe i ke kani nui "thump" a i ʻole "tock tock" . He mea maʻamau kēia. E hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i nā pani pepeiao a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea uhi pepeiao e hōʻemi i kēia walaʻau. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻano ʻūlū iki ma kekahi mau wahi o kou kino ma muli o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ke aʻalolo. He mea maʻamau nō hoʻi kēia, mai hopohopo.

E hana ke loea i ka hoʻāʻo mai kahi lumi ʻokoʻa, e nānā ana i ka pale kamepiula, a e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā kuhikuhi, e like me ke kāohi ʻana i kou hanu, i ka wā e pono ai. Hiki i ka hoʻāʻo holoʻokoʻa, me ka manawa hoʻomākaukau, ke lawe i kēlā me kēia wahi mai 15 a 90 mau minuke.

Leka Lawe-Home

  • He hoʻāʻo palekana loa ka MRI ʻaʻole ia e pili ana i kekahi radiation ʻino a hiki ke hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī.
  • He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻoe i ke kauka a me nā limahana ma mua o ke kiʻi ʻana e pili ana i kekahi mau mea metala i loko a i waho paha o kou kino (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā pacemakers, nā hono hana).
  • E hōʻoia e haʻi aku inā hāpai ʻoe, he mau maʻi allergies, a i ʻole he maʻi puʻupaʻa.
  • E wehe i nā mea hao a pau e like me nā mea hoʻonani, nā wati, a me nā kelepona ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka lumi scan.
  • He mea maʻamau ke lohe i kahi walaʻau nui i ka wā o ke scan. Mai hopohopo ʻoe i ia mea.
  • Inā he mau hopohopo a makaʻu paha kāu, e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka a i ʻole ke limahana MRI e pili ana iā lākou. E kōkua lākou iā ʻoe.

MRI, MRI scan, MRI Sinhala, MRI scan, MRI lolo, CT scan, MRI ʻokoʻa

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.

Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo

E ʻoluʻolu e helu: 5 + 7 =
Makaʻu i kahi scan MRI? E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i ia mea (MRI Scan)
Nā Halemai a me nā Kauka23 Kepakemapa 2025

Makaʻu i kahi scan MRI? E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i ia mea (MRI Scan)

Ke haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kahi scan MRI , makaʻu iki paha ʻoe a hoihoi paha. He mea maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻana o nā nīnau he nui e like me, "He aha ka MRI ?", "E ʻeha anei?", "Pono anei au e komo i loko o kahi mīkini nui?" Akā, ʻaʻohe kumu e makaʻu ai. ʻO ka MRI kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua koʻikoʻi a palekana loa i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia lā. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ia mea ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa.

He aha kēia kiʻi MRI?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo MRI kahi huaʻōlelo pōkole no Magnetic Resonance Imaging . Hoʻohana ia i kahi kahua magnetic ikaika loa, nā nalu lekiō, a me ka ʻenehana kamepiula e lawe i nā kiʻi maopopo a kikoʻī loa o nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻiʻo i loko o kou kino.

ʻO kekahi o nā pono nui o kēia, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohana i kekahi radiation e hōʻino i ke kino, ʻaʻole e like me nā X - ray a i ʻole nā ​​​​scan CT . No laila, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he hoʻāʻo palekana loa.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka MRI a me ka CT scan?

He nui ka poʻe e huikau ana ma waena o kēia mau ʻano scan ʻelua. ʻOiai ke kiʻi nei lāua ʻelua i nā kiʻi o loko o ke kino, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano hana a me nā kūlana i hoʻohana ʻia ai. E nānā kākou i ka ʻokoʻa.

Hiʻona MRI Scan CT Scan
ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia Nā kahua magnetic ikaika a me nā nalu lekiō. Nā kukuna X a me ka ʻenehana kamepiula.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o No nā pilikia me nā ʻiʻo palupalu (e like me ka lolo, nā ʻiʻo, nā ligaments), ka ʻōnaehana nerve, a me nā hono.No nā haki, nā puʻupuʻu, ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko, a me nā pilikia.
Ka manawa i hoʻolilo ʻia ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki ke hala mai 30 mau minuke a i hoʻokahi hola a ʻoi aku paha. Wikiwiki loa. Hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia i loko o 10-15 mau minuke wale nō.
Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka radiation ʻAʻole. Palekana loa. ʻAe. Hoʻohana ia i nā kukuna X.
Nā kikoʻī ma nā kiʻi Kikoʻī loa. Hōʻike maikaʻi loa i nā loli i nā ʻiʻo palupalu. Maikaʻi nā kikoʻī, akā, ʻaʻole i kikoʻī e like me ka MRI.

He aha nā maʻi e hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka MRI scan?

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi MRI e nānā i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino. Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana i kahi MRI e ʻike i kahi maʻi a i ʻole e ʻike pehea e pane ai kou kino i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ka lolo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo

Nā Puʻuwai a me nā Kiʻaha Koko

  • Nā kīʻaha koko i ālai ʻia
  • ʻO ka pōʻino i hana ʻia e ka hōʻeha puʻuwai
  • Maʻi puʻuwai
  • ʻO ka mumū o ka membrane e hoʻopuni ana i ka puʻuwai (pericarditis)
  • Nā pilikia me ka aorta

Nā iwi a me nā hono

  • Nā maʻi hono e like me ka arthritis
  • Nā maʻi iwi
  • Ka maʻi ʻaʻai iwi
  • ʻO ka hōʻino ʻana i nā hono, e like me nā ligaments i haehae ʻia
  • Nā pilikia me nā diski ma waena o nā vertebrae o ka iwi kuamoʻo

Hiki i kahi scan MRI ke ʻike maopopo i nā maʻi, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā hono e like me ke kuli a me ka poʻohiwi.

Eia kekahi, he mea nui loa ka MRI no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe o nā ʻōpū e like me ka umauma, ke akepaʻa, nā puʻupaʻa, ka uterus, a me ka prostate.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia me kahi scan MRI?

He hoʻāʻo palekana loa ka MRI, akā aia kekahi mau mea e makaʻala ai i kekahi mau kūlana.

Inā he mau ʻāpana metala i loko o ke kino

ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa a koʻikoʻi e makaʻala ai . He magnet ikaika loa ko ka mīkini MRI. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho i kekahi mea metala i loko a i waho paha o kou kino. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i nā limahana e pili ana i kēia ma mua o ke scan.

E hōʻoia e haʻi i kāu kauka a me ke koʻokoʻo MRI inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau kūlana ma kou kino:

  • Mea hana pacemaker a i ʻole ka mea ICD
  • Nā ʻoki aneurysm no nā aneurysm o ka lolo
  • Nā mea hoʻokomo cochlear
  • Nā pamu lāʻau i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ke kino
  • Nā kiwikā puʻuwai hana
  • Nā ʻāpana pōkā a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana metala ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kino
  • Nā hui hana, nā pine a i ʻole nā ​​wili

He nui nā pacemakers hou a me nā hono hana i kūlike me ka MRI, akā he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e pili ana i kēia ma mua o ke scan.

Ka hāpai ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū

Inā hāpai ʻoe, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka trimester mua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi scan MRI ke ʻole he mea pono loa. Pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā i kēia me kāu kauka. He palekana ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi scan MRI, ʻoiai inā ʻoe e hānai waiū ana. I kekahi manawa, inā hoʻohana ʻia ka mea hoʻohālikelike, e aʻo ʻia paha ʻoe e pale i ka hānai waiū no kahi o 24 mau hola.

Wai hoʻohālikelike

I kekahi mau scan MRI, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai kūikawā (contrast dye) i loko o kahi aa koko ma ka lima e loaʻa ai nā kiʻi maopopo. ʻO ke ʻano maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no kēia ʻo ia ka gadolinium. Pono ka poʻe me nā maʻi allergies i kēia a me ka poʻe me ka maʻi puʻupaʻa koʻikoʻi e hoʻomaopopo i ke kauka e pili ana i kēia ma mua.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi MRI?

Aia kekahi mau mea e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ma mua o kou hele ʻana no kahi MRI.

Hoʻomākaukau ma mua o ke kiʻi MRI
He aha kāu e haʻi aku ai i kāu kauka a me nā limahana:
  • Ua hāpai ʻoe, a i ʻole he kānalua paha kāu no ia mea?
  • Inā he maʻi ʻaleka kou, ka hānō, nā maʻi puʻupaʻa a i ʻole ke akepaʻa.
  • Inā paha iā ʻoe kekahi o nā mea hao i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻāpana i loko o kou kino.
  • Inā paha he makaʻu kou i nā wahi paʻa a liʻiliʻi (claustrophobia). (Inā pēlā, hāʻawi paha lākou iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻoluʻolu iā ʻoe.)
  • Inā he mau peʻa kou, e ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo iā lākou no ka mea aia paha he metala i loko o kekahi ʻano ʻīnika.
Nā mea e pale aku ai a e wehe aku mai ka lumi scan:
  • Nā mea hoʻonani a pau (nā apo pepeiao, nā lei, nā apo, nā kūpeʻe lima)
  • Uaki
  • Kelepona paʻalima, nā kāleka hōʻaiʻē
  • Nā aniani maka, nā pine lauoho, nā mea kōkua lohe
  • Pale umauma uea ʻole
  • Nā niho kuʻi hiki ke wehe ʻia
  • Nā mea hao a pau e like me nā kī, nā ʻāpana kālā, a pēlā aku.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke komo i nā lole ʻoluʻolu a palupalu me ka ʻole o nā pihi hao a i ʻole nā ​​zippers i ka lā o ke scan. E hāʻawi pinepine lākou iā ʻoe i kahi lole kūikawā e ʻaʻahu ai.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o ke scan?

E moe ʻoe ma luna o kahi papa e neʻe mālie ana i loko o ka scanner. No ka mea he mea nui e noho mālie i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻoe me nā kaula.

Ke holo nei ka mīkini, e lohe ʻoe i ke kani nui "thump" a i ʻole "tock tock" . He mea maʻamau kēia. E hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i nā pani pepeiao a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea uhi pepeiao e hōʻemi i kēia walaʻau. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i kahi ʻano ʻūlū iki ma kekahi mau wahi o kou kino ma muli o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ke aʻalolo. He mea maʻamau nō hoʻi kēia, mai hopohopo.

E hana ke loea i ka hoʻāʻo mai kahi lumi ʻokoʻa, e nānā ana i ka pale kamepiula, a e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā kuhikuhi, e like me ke kāohi ʻana i kou hanu, i ka wā e pono ai. Hiki i ka hoʻāʻo holoʻokoʻa, me ka manawa hoʻomākaukau, ke lawe i kēlā me kēia wahi mai 15 a 90 mau minuke.

Leka Lawe-Home

  • He hoʻāʻo palekana loa ka MRI ʻaʻole ia e pili ana i kekahi radiation ʻino a hiki ke hana i nā kiʻi kikoʻī.
  • He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻoe i ke kauka a me nā limahana ma mua o ke kiʻi ʻana e pili ana i kekahi mau mea metala i loko a i waho paha o kou kino (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā pacemakers, nā hono hana).
  • E hōʻoia e haʻi aku inā hāpai ʻoe, he mau maʻi allergies, a i ʻole he maʻi puʻupaʻa.
  • E wehe i nā mea hao a pau e like me nā mea hoʻonani, nā wati, a me nā kelepona ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka lumi scan.
  • He mea maʻamau ke lohe i kahi walaʻau nui i ka wā o ke scan. Mai hopohopo ʻoe i ia mea.
  • Inā he mau hopohopo a makaʻu paha kāu, e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka a i ʻole ke limahana MRI e pili ana iā lākou. E kōkua lākou iā ʻoe.

MRI, MRI scan, MRI Sinhala, MRI scan, MRI lolo, CT scan, MRI ʻokoʻa

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

💬 Comments (0)

ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.

Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo

E ʻoluʻolu e helu: 5 + 7 =