Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ke koʻikoʻi a me ka palupalu o ko kākou lolo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo ? ʻO kēia nā kikowaena hoʻomalu o ko kākou kino holoʻokoʻa. Inā ʻaʻole kākou e makaʻala, hiki i kahi ulia liʻiliʻi ke hōʻeha nui. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, he ʻōnaehana pale kupaianaha ko ko kākou kino e pale aku i kēia mau ʻōpū waiwai nui ʻelua. ʻO kēlā mea pale, ʻo ia nā meninges a kākou e kamaʻilio nei i kēia lā. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻekolu mau papa o nā membrane pale e hoʻopuni ana i ko kākou ʻōnaehana nerve waena (CNS).
He aha nā meninges? He aha kēia mau papa ʻekolu?
E like me ka ʻili o ka ʻakaʻakai, ua hana ʻia nā meninges i ʻekolu papa. He hana kūikawā ko kēlā me kēia papa. E nānā kākou i ko lākou ʻano:
1. Dura Mater: ʻO kēia ka papa mānoanoa a ikaika loa o ka lolo . Ua like ia me kahi ʻaʻahu paʻa e uhi ana i ko mākou lolo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo Latina "dura mater" ʻo ia hoʻi "makuahine paʻakikī." Pēlā kona palekana. Aia ia ma lalo pono o ko mākou poʻo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo. ʻO kāna hana nui, ʻo ia ke paʻa pono i ka lolo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo a mālama iā lākou mai ka hōʻino ʻia.
2. Arachnoid Mater: ʻO kēia ka papa waena . ʻOi aku ka lahilahi ma mua o ka dura mater. ʻO "Arachnoid" ke ʻano o "nanana." Loaʻa kona inoa no ka mea ʻo nā olonā maikaʻi e hoʻopili ana i kēia papa i ka pia mater ma lalo e like me nā wāwae o ka nanana. ʻAʻohe kīʻaha koko a i ʻole nā aʻalolo o kēia papa.
3. Pia Mater: ʻO kēia ka papa o loko loa, ka papa lahilahi loa i hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia i ka lolo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo . E like me kahi ʻāpana cellophane, ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kēlā me kēia māwae a me ka ʻāpana o ka lolo. He nui nā kīʻaha koko e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka ʻiʻo lolo e hele ana ma o kēia papa.
ʻO keʻano kūikawā, ua kapa ʻia ka arachnoid mater a me ka pia mater ʻo ia nā leptomeninges .
He aha nā hakahaka ma waena o nā papa o nā meninges?
ʻEkolu mau hakahaka koʻikoʻi ma waena o kēia mau papa membrane ʻekolu. ʻAʻole kēia he mau hakahaka wale nō, he mau hana kūikawā nō hoʻi kā lākou.
- Wahi Epidural: Aia kēia ma waena o kou iwi poʻo a me ka dura mater. ʻO ia hoʻi ka wahi ma waena o ke kaula iwi kuamoʻo a me ka dura mater. Ua lohe paha ʻoe ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi "epidural" no kekahi mau ʻoki kino a i ʻole e hōʻemi i ka ʻeha i ka wā hānau. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā analgesics a me ka anesthesia i loko o kēia wahi epidural. Hoʻopau ko mākou kaula iwi kuamoʻo ma waenakonu o ka iwi kuamoʻo, ma waena o ka vertebrae lumbar mua a me ka lua. Ma waho aʻe o kēlā, aia wale nō ka wai cerebrospinal. Lumbar PunctureʻO kekahi, a i ʻole e like me kā mākou e ʻōlelo nei, "ke lawe ʻana i ka wai mai ke kua mai," ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo i hana ʻia mai ia wahi ponoʻī.
- Ka Lewa Subdural: Aia kēia ma waena o ka dura mater a me ka arachnoid mater. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, ʻaʻole kēia he "lewa" nui. Eia nō naʻe, inā he hahau nui i ke poʻo a me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko i loko o ka lolo, e like me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko o ka lolo, a i ʻole ma muli o kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe, hiki i kēia wahi ke hāmama.
- Ka Lewa Subarachnoid: Aia kēia ma waena o ka arachnoid mater a me ka pia mater. Ua piha kēia wahi i ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF) . He mea nui loa kēia wai i kapa ʻia ʻo CSF. Mālama ia i ko kākou lolo a me ke kaula spinal mai nā ʻano haʻalulu like ʻole, e like me ka uluna. Eia kekahi, kōkua kēia CSF i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā meaʻai a me ka wehe ʻana i nā huahana ʻōpala.
He aha nā hana nui o nā meninges?
I kēia manawa, ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi manaʻo iki no ke koʻikoʻi o kēia mau membrane i kapa ʻia ʻo meninges. E nānā kākou i kā lākou mau hana nui:
- Ka pale ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena (CNS): I ka hanana ʻana o kahi ʻeha poʻo a i ʻole kahi ulia, ʻo ka mea nui e pale i ka lolo a me ke kaula spinal ma ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopau haʻalulu , ma mua o ka hoʻouna pololei ʻana i ka haʻalulu i ka lolo.
- Ke hoʻopaʻa nei i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena: Kōkua kēia mau membrane i ka mālama ʻana i ka lolo a me ke kaula spinal i loko o ke poʻo a me ke kolamu spinal, e pale ana iā lākou mai ka neʻe ʻana a puni.
- Kākoʻo no nā kīʻaha koko, nā aʻalolo, a me ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic: Kōkua nā meninges i ke kākoʻo a me ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko e hoʻolako i ke koko i ka lolo a me ke kaula spinal (no ka laʻana , ʻo ka Middle Meningeal Artery) , nā aʻalolo (no ka laʻana, ʻo ka Trigeminal Nerve , ʻo ka Vagus Nerve ), a me ka ʻōnaehana lymphatic (ka ʻōnaehana e wehe i nā huahana ʻōpala). He mea nui nō hoʻi lākou no ke kahe kūpono o ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF).
Nā ʻano kūikawā o kēlā me kēia papa meningeal
E nānā kākou i kēia mau papa ʻekolu me nā kikoʻī hou aku.
Nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana iā Dura Mater
E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻo kēia ka membrane waho loa, mānoanoa loa, a ikaika loa. Hana ʻia ia me ʻelua papa o nā ʻiʻo hoʻohui. Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi ʻaoʻao i ka iwi poʻo, a hoʻopili ʻia kekahi ʻaoʻao i ka arachnoid mater.
Loaʻa i kēia dura mater kahi ʻōnaehana kūikawā o nā kīʻaha koko i kapa ʻia ʻo dural venous sinuses . ʻO kēia nā mea e hoʻokahe i ke koko lepo mai ka lolo a hoʻihoʻi i ka CSF i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopuni koko.
Loaʻa ke koko i ka dura mater mai ka Middle Meningeal Artery . ʻO ke aʻalolo trigeminal, he mea nui ia no ko kākou ʻike maka a me ka nau ʻana, hele pū ma ia.
ʻO kekahi mea kūikawā e pili ana i ka dura mater, ʻo ia ka pelu ʻana i loko, e hana ana i ʻehā mau membrane i kapa ʻia ʻo dural reflections . Ua like kēia me nā pale liʻiliʻi i loko o ka lolo, e hoʻokaʻawale ana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka lolo (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā hemispheres cerebral) a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana iā lākou i ke kaʻina.
Nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana i ka Arachnoid Mater
ʻO kēia ka papa waena ma lalo o ka dura mater. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia pēlā no ka mea he lahilahi loa ia a ua like ia me ka ʻupena nananana. ʻAʻohe ona kīʻaha koko a i ʻole nā aʻalolo. Eia nō naʻe, he mau ʻōpuʻu i hana ʻia me nā ʻiʻo pili e hoʻopili ai iā ia i ka dura mater. Ua piha ka hakahaka subarachnoid ma waena o ka arachnoid mater a me ka dura mater me ka wai cerebrospinal (CSF), ka mea e hāʻawi ana i ka hopena cushioning i ka lolo.
Nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana iā Pia Mater
ʻO kēia ka membrane lahilahi loa i loko e pili pono ana i ka ʻili o ka lolo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo. Me he mea lā ua komo hohonu i loko o kēlā me kēia kihi a me nā lua o ka lolo. He nui nā kīʻaha koko e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka ʻiʻo lolo e hele ma o kēia. Kōkua pū ia i ka mālama ʻana i ka `CSF` ma kahi hoʻokahi. I ke ʻano o ke kaula kuamoʻo, hāʻawi pū kēia matrix i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kaula kuamoʻo i kekahi paʻakikī a me ka ikaika.
He aha nā maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i ka meninges?
Hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia nā meninges, ka poʻe e hana ana i kahi hana koʻikoʻi, e nā maʻi like ʻole. Hiki i kekahi o lākou ke lilo i mea weliweli loa. E nānā kākou i kekahi o nā kūlana nui i ʻike ʻia:
- Meningitis: He ʻano "fiva lolo" kēia a kākou a pau i lohe ai. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi ia (muhū) o nā meninges. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia maʻi e nā bacteria, nā virus, a i ʻole nā fungi . No ka ʻike pono ʻana i ke ʻano o ia mea , hana pinepine ʻia kahi puncture lumbar e hoʻāʻo i kahi hāpana o ka wai cerebrospinal. No ka laʻana, inā loaʻa koke i kahi keiki liʻiliʻi ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, ka ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa, a me ka luaʻi ʻana, hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona o ka meningitis. He mea nui e ʻike koke i ke kauka. He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki ke loaʻa ka meningitis me ka ʻole o ka maʻi ma muli o ke kanesa, nā maʻi mumū ʻē aʻe, ke ʻoki ʻana o ka lolo, a i ʻole kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Hematoma Subdural: He hōʻiliʻili koko kēia ma waena o ka dura mater a me ka arachnoid mater ma muli o ka haki ʻana o ke kīʻaha koko. ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia ʻano ma hope o ka hōʻeha poʻo, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka poʻe ʻelemakule, a i ʻole i ka poʻe e lawe ana i nā lāʻau hoʻokahe koko . I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ka hāʻule iki ʻana hiki ke hana i kēia ʻano kahe koko.
- Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko ma nā papa meningeal ʻē aʻe: No ka mea, he nui nā kīʻaha koko e holo ana ma nā papa o nā meninges, hiki i kahi hōʻeha poʻo ke hoʻoulu i ke kahe koko ma waena o kekahi o kēia mau papa.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia, aia kekahi mau kūlana ʻē aʻe:
- Meningioma: He ʻano puʻupuʻu kēia e ulu ana i loko o nā meninges. ʻO kēia mau meaʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole maʻi kanesa nā puʻupuʻu (benign), ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e laha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, inā ulu nui kēia mau puʻupuʻu e komo i ka lolo a lilo i mea hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, pono paha e wehe ʻia ma ke ʻoki kino.
- ʻO Meningeal Carcinomatoses: ʻO kēia ka wā e laha ai ka maʻi kanesa i hoʻomaka ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino i nā meninges. He kūlana koʻikoʻi kēia.
Aia kekahi mau maʻi ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia ana i kēlā me kēia o kēia mau papa ma ke kaʻawale. No ka mea, ʻo nā meninges ka pale nui e pale ai i ko kākou lolo, pono kākou e hoʻomanaʻo e hiki i kekahi maʻi e hoʻopilikia ana i kēia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola .
Leka Lawe-Home
No laila, i kēia manawa ua maopopo iā ʻoe ke waiwai nui o kēia mau membrane ʻekolu i kapa ʻia ʻo meninges i ko kākou lolo a me ke kaula spinal. E like me nā kiaʻi ʻekolu e pale ana i kā kākou waiwai makamae loa.
ʻO kēia mau papa ʻekolu, ʻo ka dura mater, ka arachnoid mater, a me ka pia mater, me ka wai cerebrospinal, e pale i ko mākou ʻiʻo lolo mai ke kuʻi ʻana i ka iwi poʻo. Hana pū lākou i nā hana koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe he nui.
No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻeha poʻo mai kahi ulia (e like me kahi ulia kaʻa, pāʻani haʻuki, a hāʻule paha), mai lawe māmā. I kekahi manawa, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kahi ʻeha nui mai waho mai, hiki ke hōʻino ʻia nā meninges a i ʻole nā ʻiʻo lolo mai loko mai a hoʻoulu i ke kahe koko (Intracranial Hemorrhage). No laila, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ʻeha poʻo, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka a loaʻa ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. A laila, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai, a inā he pilikia, hiki ke hoʻomaka koke ʻia ka lāʻau. E hoʻomanaʻo, he ʻōkana waiwai nui ko kākou lolo, a ʻo kā kākou kuleana ke mālama iā ia!
ʻO Meninges, lolo, kaula iwi kuamoʻo, Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, Pia Mater, Wai Cerebrospinal, Meningitis, Hematoma Subdural, Meninges, CSF, CNS, Ola o ka lolo, kaula iwi kuamoʻo
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