Loaʻa pinepine anei i kāu keiki liʻiliʻi ke anu a he ihu paʻa? A i ʻole he ʻūlū a paʻakikī paha ka hanu ʻana o kou mau mākua ʻelemakule? Hiki i kēia mau kūlana ke lilo i mau hōʻailona o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka niumonia. Akā, mai hopohopo, aia kekahi ala kūpono loa e pale aku ai i kā mākou poʻe liʻiliʻi a me nā mākua mai ia mau maʻi weliweli. ʻO ia ka lāʻau pale pneumococcal. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā mea āpau e pili ana i kēia lāʻau pale.
He aha ka lāʻau pale Pneumococcal?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like kēia me kahi pale pale i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ko mākou kino. Mālama kēia lāʻau pale iā mākou mai nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae. ʻO kēia bacteria ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he 'pneumococcus' no ka pōkole.
Hiki i kēia bacteria ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi hanu koʻikoʻi (paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana) a me nā pilikia koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā keiki ʻōpio a me ka poʻe ʻelemakule. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e hoʻohana ai i kēia lāʻau pale e pale aku ai.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano lāʻau pale pneumococcal e hoʻohana ʻia nei i kēia manawa. Ua kapa ʻia lākou he 'nā lāʻau pale conjugate'. ʻO ke ʻano kēia ua hoʻolālā ʻia lākou e hoʻoulu maikaʻi i ka hiki o ko mākou kino ke hakakā i nā maʻi (immunity). ʻO nā ʻano nui:
- PCV13
- PCV15
- PCV20
- PCV21
Hōʻike nā helu ma kēia mau inoa i ka helu o nā ʻano bacteria pneumococcus e hiki i ka lāʻau pale ke hoʻomalu.
Eia kekahi, aia kekahi lāʻau pale kahiko i kapa ʻia ʻo `PPSV23`. Hāʻawi pinepine ʻia kēia i nā keiki ma luna o 2 mau makahiki, ka poʻe me kekahi mau maʻi mau, a me nā pākeke i loaʻa mua i ka lāʻau pale PCV15.
He aha nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi pneumococcal?
Ke komo ka bacteria pneumococcus i loko o ko kākou kino, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā ʻano maʻi weliweli like ʻole. Loaʻa paha kēia bacteria i loko o ko lākou puʻu i kekahi poʻe me ka ʻole o nā hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēlā poʻe ke hoʻolaha iā ia i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma o nā kulu liʻiliʻi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka wā e hanu ai, ʻū, a ʻū paha.
Mālama kēia lāʻau pale iā mākou mai nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me:
| Maʻi | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka maʻi meningitis bacteria | ʻO ka maʻi o nā membrane e hoʻopuni ana i ka lolo a me ke kaula kuamoʻo. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i nā hopena koʻikoʻi e like me ka nalowale o ka hoʻomanaʻo, ka coma, ka make, ka makapō, a i ʻole ka maʻi lolo. |
| Pneumonia | He maʻi o nā māmā. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ke kuni, ke kuni, a me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana. |
| ʻO ka maʻi pepeiao waena (Otitis Media) | ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo pū ana me ka ʻeha o ka pepeiao, ka pehu ʻana, ka hiamoe ʻole, ke kuni, a i nā keiki ʻōpio, ka uē pinepine. |
| Bacteremia | He kūlana weliweli kahi e komo ai nā germs i loko o ke koko a laha a puni ke kino. |
| Nā maʻi sinus | Nā maʻi e pili ana i nā lua o ka maka (sinuses). |
E noʻonoʻo, ma mua o ka hoʻolauna ʻia ʻana o kēia lāʻau pale, ua make ka nui o nā keiki ma lalo o 5 mau makahiki i ka maʻi niumonia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Akā ma hope o ka hoʻolauna ʻia ʻana o kēia lāʻau pale i ka makahiki 2000, ua emi nui ka laha o kēia maʻi i waena o nā keiki a me nā pākeke.
He palekana maoli anei kēia mau lāʻau pale? Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao?
ʻAe, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō. He palekana loa nā lāʻau pale PCV a me PPSV. E like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, he liʻiliʻi ka manawa e loaʻa ai kahi hopena alerika, akā haʻahaʻa loa ka pilikia o ka pōʻino nui a i ʻole ka make.
Eia nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi i ʻike pinepine ʻia:
- No nā keiki ʻōpio (ma hope o ka lāʻau pale PCV):
- ʻUlaʻula, ʻeha iki, a pehu paha ma kahi i inikini ʻia.
- He kuni haʻahaʻa (ma kahi o hoʻokahi i loko o ʻekolu mau keiki).
- He kuni iki (ma kahi o hoʻokahi i loko o 50 mau keiki).
- I kekahi manawa aia ka nalowale o ka makemake e ʻai, ka uē pinepine ʻana, a i ʻole ka hiamoe.
- No nā mākua (ma hope o ka lāʻau pale PPSV):
- ʻUlaʻula a ʻeha paha ma kahi i inikini ʻia (ma kahi o 1 i loko o 2 mau kānaka).
- ʻAʻole i hiki i ka 1% ke ʻike i nā mea e like me ke kuni a i ʻole ka ʻehaʻeha o nā ʻiʻo.
ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia a nalo loa i loko o kekahi mau lā.
ʻO wai ka mea e pono ke kiʻi i kēia lāʻau pale? Āhea?
E nānā kākou i kēia manawa no wai i ʻōlelo ʻia ai kēia lāʻau pale a me ka papa manawa e hāʻawi ʻia ai.
No nā pēpē a me nā keiki liʻiliʻi
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia e loaʻa i nā pēpē a pau ma lalo o 2 mau makahiki he 4 mau lāʻau o ka lāʻau pale, ma kēia kaʻina:
- Ka mahele mua: I 2 mahina
- ʻO ka lua o ka lāʻau: I 4 mahina
- ʻO ke kolu o ka mahele lāʻau: I ka 6 mahina
- Ka nui o ka lāʻau hoʻonui: Ma waena o 12-15 mau mahina
Inā no kekahi kumu ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau pale i kēia manawa, e hāʻawi ke kauka i kahi papa hana kūpono e pili ana i ka makahiki o ke keiki.
No nā keiki 2-18 makahiki
Hiki i nā keiki i hoʻopau ʻole i ke kaʻina o nā lāʻau pale i ko lākou wā kamaliʻi a i ʻole he mau maʻi olakino kūikawā, e like me ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau, ke loaʻa i kēia lāʻau pale. Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano kūpono loa a me ka papa hana no kēia.
No nā mākua
Hiki i kēlā me kēia kanaka makua olakino ma luna o 50 mau makahiki ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau pale ma kekahi o kēia mau ʻano:
- Hoʻokahi mahele o ka lāʻau pale PCV15 a hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope, hoʻokahi mahele o ka lāʻau pale PPSV23.
- Hoʻokahi mahele o ka lāʻau pale PCV20.
- Hoʻokahi mahele o ka lāʻau pale PCV21.
No ka poʻe i ka pilikia kūikawā
ʻO ka poʻe i piha i nā makahiki 18-49, akā he maʻi ko lākou (e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka maʻi māmā, ke kanesa, HIV/AIDS) a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau (e like me nā steroids, chemotherapy) e hoʻonāwaliwali ana i ka ʻōnaehana pale, hiki nō hoʻi ke loaʻa i ka lāʻau pale ma ke ʻano like me nā pākeke ma luna.
Ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe, 'He 50 koʻu mau makahiki i kēia manawa, ua olakino au, no laila pono anei au i kēia?' ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻae. Ua ʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi ʻo ka poʻe pākeke ma waena o 50 a me 64 mau makahiki ka lua o ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe loa o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi.
No laila, inā ʻoe ma luna o 50 mau makahiki, a i ʻole he maʻi mau e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ka maʻi puʻuwai, a i ʻole ka hānō, he hana palekana maikaʻi loa ia e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a loaʻa i kēia lāʻau pale. No ka mea, kiʻekiʻe loa ka nui o ka make ma waena o nā pākeke ma muli o kēia maʻi.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He pale koʻikoʻi ka lāʻau pale pneumococcal i nā maʻi ʻino e like me ka maʻi pneumonia a me ka meningitis.
- Ua ʻōlelo kūikawā ʻia kēia lāʻau pale no nā keiki ʻōpio ma waena o 2 mahina a me 2 makahiki a no nā pākeke a pau ma luna o 50 mau makahiki.
- He mea nui loa ia no kekahi o kēlā me kēia makahiki me nā maʻi maʻi e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka maʻi māmā, ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, a i ʻole ke kanesa e loaʻa i kēia lāʻau pale.
- He mea liʻiliʻi loa ka hapa nui o nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka lāʻau pale a nalo i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā.
- Inā he mau hopohopo kāu a i ʻole kāu keiki e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia lāʻau pale, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ʻohana.
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