Pehea lā ʻoe e mālama ai i ka mumū e hele mai me kou hānō? E kamaʻilio kāua!

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hānō, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana i kekahi manawa. ʻO ka manaʻo o ka paʻa i loko o kou umauma a me ka wheezing nā hōʻailona nui o ka hānō. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia ka pehu ʻana i loko o kou mau ala ea, a i ʻole ka mea a mākou e kapa nei ma ke ʻano lapaʻau he 'inflammation' . ʻO kēia mumū ke kumu o kou mau ala ea e lilo i mea haiki a piha i ka mucus, e paʻakikī ai ka hanu ʻana.

He aha ka pilina ma waena o ka hānō a me ka mumū?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hānō, ʻike paha ʻoe ʻo kēia mumū ke kumu o ka pehu ʻana o ka uhi o kou mau alaloa a hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o ka mucus. E noʻonoʻo iā ia e like me ka paipu wai i paʻa, e paʻakikī ai ke kahe ʻana o ka wai. Hoʻolilo kēia mumū i kou mau alaloa i mea maʻalahi loa. A laila, i ka wā e komo ai kekahi mau mea (kapa mākou i kēia mau "mea hoʻoulu") e like me ka lepo, ka uahi, a me ka dander holoholona i kou kino, hiki iā lākou ke lawe koke mai i ka hānō, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hoʻouka hānō .

ʻO ia ke kumu he mea nui nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory no ka poʻe me ka hānō. Hoʻōki lākou i ke kaʻina hana e hoʻāla ai i ka hānō. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like lākou me ke kau ʻana i ka wai ma ke ahi.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hānō?

Aia nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kāohi i ka mumū e kū mai ana i ka hānō. ʻO nā mea nui:

• ʻO nā Corticosteroids i hoʻokomo pololei ʻia i loko o ke ala hanu (kapa mākou i kēia he inhaler).
• Hāʻawi ʻia nā corticosteroids systemic (lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau pila a i ʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi aa) e hoʻopilikia i ke kino holoʻokoʻa.
• Eia kekahi, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo "Mast cell stabilizers" a me "Leukotriene modifiers". Kōkua kēia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka mumū i hoʻokumu ʻia e "Corticosteroids".
• ʻO kahi koho lapaʻau hou aʻe ʻo ia nā "antibodies Monoclonal" a i ʻole "biologic therapy". Hoʻopili pololei kēia i nā pūnaewele e pili ana i ka mumū ("eosinophil cells").

I kēia manawa, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēlā me kēia o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau me nā kikoʻī hou aku .

ʻO nā Corticosteroids hanu ʻia: He hoaaloha maikaʻi loa no ka kaohi ʻana i ka hānō!

ʻO nā corticosteroids i hanu ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa e loaʻa ai e hōʻemi i ka pehu a me ka hana mucus i loko o kou mau alaloa . ʻO kēia ʻano inhaler ka mea mua a ke kauka e kuhikuhi ai no ka hānō.

He aha nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau mea?

Nui nā pono o ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i kēia inhaler:

• Ua hoʻemi ʻia nā hōʻailona o ka hānō a me nā lapalapa .
• Hoʻohana ʻia nā agonists beta hana pōkole, a i ʻole e like me kā mākou e kapa nei iā lākou , nā mea hoʻomaha, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻopakele inhaler, i nā pilikia a hōʻemi i ka nui o nā manawa e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻohana iā lākou.
• Hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka hana o kou māmā.
• E emi ana ka pono e hele i nā lumi pilikia a e lawe ʻia i ka haukapila.
• Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, hiki ke hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻia ka hānō.

Mea nui: E hoʻomanaʻo i kēia mau mea i ka wā e hoʻohana ai!

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo he pale wale kēia mau steroid hanu i nā hōʻailona hānō, ʻaʻole e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hōʻailona e kū nei . ʻO ke ʻano kēia inā ʻoe e lawe iā lākou i ka wā e loaʻa ai iā ʻoe kahi hoʻouka hānō, ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa koke i ka hōʻoluʻolu. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka inhaler reliever.

Pono e hoʻohana ʻia kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe "controller" (e like me kā mākou e kapa nei) i kēlā me kēia lā, e like me ke kuhikuhi a kāu kauka . No kekahi poʻe, ʻelua paha i ka lā, no kekahi poʻe, hoʻokahi i ka lā. ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo maikaʻi e hōʻemi a hoʻōki paha i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau mea me ka ʻole o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu kauka, me ka manaʻo e hoʻomaikaʻi ana kāu mau hōʻailona. ʻO ka hana ʻana pēlā e hoʻonui hou ai i kou hānō.

He aha kēia mau corticosteroids nasal?

Nui nā ʻano corticosteroids inhaled like ʻole ma ka mākeke. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• ʻ`Beclomethasone dipropionate (Qvar RediHaler®)''
• ʻO `Budesonide (Pulmicort®; Symbicort®)`. (ʻO kēia `(Symbicort®)` he hui pū ʻana o `(budesonide)` a me `(formoterol)`.)
• ʻO ka Ciclisonide (Alvesco® HFA)
• ʻO ka Fluticasone (Flovent® HFA; Advair® HFA a me diskus, Wixela® Inhub, AirDuo®)`. (Aia i loko o kēia mau mea ʻo `(fluticasone)` a me `(salmeterol)`.)
• ʻO Fluticasone furoate (Arnuity® Ellipta; Breo® Ellipta; Trelegy® Ellipta). (Aia i loko o Breo® ka fluticasone furoate a me kahi agonist beta hana lōʻihi i kapa ʻia ʻo vilanterol. Loaʻa iā Trelegy® ka umeclidinium ma waho aʻe o kēia mau mea ʻelua.)
• ʻO Fluticasone propionate (ArmonAir® RespiClick)
• ʻO `Mometasone (Asmanex®, Dulera®)`. (Aia i loko o `(Dulera®)` `(mometasone)` me `(formoterol)`.)

Pehea e hana ʻia ai kēia ʻano inhalers?

Loaʻa kēia mau "(corticosteroids hanu ʻia)" i ʻekolu mau ʻano nui:

1. `(Metered Dose Inhaler - MDI)`: ʻO kēia ke ʻano e like me kahi kini liʻiliʻi, a hoʻohana ʻoe ma luna. I ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana me kahi `(valved holding chamber)` a i ʻole kahi `(spacer)` (kahi mea a mākou e kapa nei ʻo 'intermediate chamber' ma Sinhala). Kōkua kēia `(spacer)` i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hele pololei i nā māmā, a hoʻemi i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i waiho ʻia i loko o ka waha a me ka puʻu. Ua like kēia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻōmole i ka wā e pīpī ana i ka wai mai kahi kini hoʻoinu wai.

2. `(Dry Powder Inhaler - DPI)`: Loaʻa i kēia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he pauka maloʻo. Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ka hanu hohonu ʻana.

3. `(Nā hopena Nebulizer)`: Hiki mai kēia ma ke ʻano he wai. Hoʻomāhu ʻia a hanu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini liʻiliʻi (`(mīkini nebulizer)`). Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hana no nā keiki ʻōpio a me ka poʻe me ka hānō koʻikoʻi.

Pono anei au e makaʻu i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau mea? Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao?

He lāʻau lapaʻau palekana loa nā corticosteroids i hanu ʻia no nā pākeke a me nā keiki . He kākaʻikahi nā hopena ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā dosis haʻahaʻa.

Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa, inā ʻoe e hoʻohana iā lākou i nā nui nui, hiki ke ulu kahi maʻi fungal i loko o ka waha (thrush) , a hiki ke loli kou leo ​​(lilo i ka leo ʻoi). He mea maʻalahi loa kēia e pale aku. Ma hope o kēlā me kēia hoʻohana ʻana i ka inhaler , holoi pono i kou waha, gargle, a kuha i waho i ka lāʻau . Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi MDI, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i kēia pilikia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi spacer. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka thrush, hiki ke mālama maʻalahi ʻia me kahi wai waha anti-fungal i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka.

Pehea e hāʻawi ai ke kauka i kēia mau mea?

E ho'āʻo mau kāu kauka e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lāʻau haʻahaʻa loa o kēia lāʻau e kāohi i kou hānō. Makaʻu ka poʻe he nui ke lohe lākou i ka huaʻōlelo "steroids." ʻO kēia no ka mea ua lohe lākou i nā steroids anabolic, i hoʻohana ʻia e nā mea pāʻani e kūkulu i nā ʻiʻo. Akā, ʻaʻole like nā steroids no ka hānō . He mau lāʻau anti-inflammatory lākou. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka lawe ʻana iā lākou i kēlā me kēia lā hiki ke kōkua i ka kāohi ʻana i kou hānō.

ʻO Systemic Corticosteroids: Kōkua no ka hānō koʻikoʻi!

ʻO kēia mau "corticosteroids systemic" he mau lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā hanana hānō koʻikoʻi. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he mau pila a i ʻole nā ​​​​wai ("waha"), a i ʻole hāʻawi ʻia i loko o ke kino ma o kahi aʻa ("intravenous - IV").

ʻO ka manawa hea i hāʻawi ʻia ai kēia mau mea?

Hoʻohana ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e kāohi i nā hoʻouka hānō i koʻikoʻi koke, a i ʻole e mālama i ka hānō lōʻihi, paʻakikī ke kāohi.

Pehea e hoʻomaka ai kēia mau hana?

ʻEkolu hola ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana o nā steroids systemic, a ʻike ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi loa ma hope o ʻeono a ʻumikūmālua hola. I kekahi manawa hāʻawi ʻia lākou i nā dosis kiʻekiʻe no kekahi mau lā (i kapa ʻia he steroid burst), a i ʻole e hoʻemi mālie ʻia ka nui i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa (i kapa ʻia he steroid taper). I kekahi manawa, no ka kaohi lōʻihi, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou i nā dosis haʻahaʻa i kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole i kēlā me kēia lā ʻē aʻe.

He aha kēia mau ʻano '(Systemic Steroids)'?

Aia kekahi mau ʻano "steroids systemic" i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia (loaʻa pū kekahi mau mea ma ke ʻano he huahana "generic"):

• ʻO ka ʻasetate cortisone
• ʻO Dexamethasone
• ʻO ka Hydrocortisone (Cortef®)
• ʻO ka Methylprednisolone (Medrol®, Solu-Medrol®, Depo-medrol®)
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Prednisone (Deltasone®)
• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Prednisolone (Prelone®, Pediapred®, Orapred®)

Pono anei mākou e makaʻala i nā hopena ʻaoʻao?

ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā hopena ʻaoʻao o nā steroids systemic me ka hoʻohana lōʻihi . Hiki i kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao ke komo pū me:

• ʻAkika.
• Piʻi ke kaumaha.
• Nā loli i ke ʻano a i ʻole ke ʻano.
• ʻO ka ʻōpū ʻeha (e.g. gastritis).
• Ka nāwaliwali o ka iwi, ka nalowale o ka iwi.
• Nā loli o ka maka, no ka laʻana glaucoma (hoʻonui ʻia ke kaomi maka) a i ʻole cataracts (poʻo o ka maka).
• (Nā inoa o nā keiki) lohi o ka ulu ʻana.

Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, he mea kakaikahi loa kēia mau hopena ʻaoʻao ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā pōkole . Pono ʻoe e hoʻohana iā lākou no kahi manawa pōkole ke koʻikoʻi loa kou hānō. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hānō i kāohi ʻole ʻia a pono e hoʻohana i nā steroids no ka manawa lōʻihi, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kahi pulmonologist a i ʻole kahi allergist. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau holomua a kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i nā loea ʻē aʻe inā pono.

Nā Mea Hoʻololi Leukotriene: ʻO kekahi kōkua ʻē aʻe!

He aha kēia mau mea? Pehea lākou e hana ai?

He mau kemika nā leukotrienes e kū maoli ana i loko o ko kākou kino. Hoʻoulu lākou i nā ʻiʻo i loko o ko kākou mau ala ea e hoʻopaʻa a hoʻonui i ka hana mucus. Hoʻopaʻa nā mea hoʻololi leukotriene i ka hana o nā leukotrienes. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hanu ʻana a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hōʻailona hānō. Loaʻa lākou ma ke ʻano o nā papa. Lawe ʻia lākou i hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha i ka lā. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi i ka nui o nā lāʻau hānō ʻē aʻe āu e pono ai.

He aha nā ʻano o nā `(Nā Mea Hoʻololi Leukotriene)`?

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma kēia māhele:

• ʻO Montelukast (Singulair®)
• ʻO Zafirlukast (Accolate®)
• ʻO Zileuton (Zyflo®)

Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao?

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau ka ʻeha poʻo a me ka nausea. Hiki i nā mea hoʻololi Leukotriene ke launa pū me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe (no ka laʻana, ka lāʻau hānō theophylline a me ka warfarin mea hoʻokahe koko). No laila he mea nui e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe nei.

Nā Antibodies Monoclonal - Biologic Therapy: Manaʻolana hou no ka hānō koʻikoʻi!

ʻO nā antibodies monoclonal kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau biologic i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka hānō koʻikoʻi. Hana lākou ma ke ālai ʻana i ka pane a ke kino i nā mea hoʻoulu e hoʻoulu ai i ka mumū. Hoʻopaʻa pololei lākou i nā pūnaewele he ʻāpana o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale, e like me nā pūnaewele eosinophil.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau. Hāʻawi ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he inikini ma lalo o ka ʻili ma ke keʻena o ke kauka, ma ke ʻano he IV infusion ma kahi keʻena lapaʻau a haukapila paha, a i ʻole hiki ke inikini ponoʻī ʻia kekahi ma ka home. ʻO ka poʻe e lawe ana i kēia mau biologics e loaʻa pinepine i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kēlā me kēia 2 a 8 mau pule (ma muli o ke biologic). Pono ʻoe e mālama ʻia e kahi pulmonologist a i ʻole allergist inā ʻoe e lawe nei i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā Mea Hoʻopaʻa Kelepona Mast: He Lāʻau Lapaʻau i Hoʻohana Kākaʻikahi ʻia

Hana nā mea hoʻopaʻa pūnaewele mast ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka histamine a me nā mea mumū ʻē aʻe mai nā pūnaewele mast. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia mau mea e mālama ai i ka hānō.

ʻO ka mea nui loa e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo!

He mumū mau loa ka hānō (ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻomau) o nā alaea i loko o kou mau māmā. Hiki ke like me kahi hunaahi liʻiliʻi e noho mau ana i loko. No laila, ma ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka i kuhikuhi ai nou, hiki iā ʻoe ke kāohi maikaʻi i kou hānō a mālama i nā māmā olakino i ka wā lōʻihi.

E hoʻomanaʻo, hiki ke paʻakikī ke ola me ka hānō, akā me ka mālama pono ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke alakaʻi i kahi ola maʻamau a hana. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a hoʻomohala i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau e kūpono loa iā ʻoe. ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa ia e hanu olakino ai!

ʻAsthma , Mumū, Mea Hanu, Corticosteroids, Lāʻau Lapaʻau, Maʻi Hanu