Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ke ʻano koʻikoʻi a laha ʻole i loaʻa ma kekahi mau wahi o ʻApelika? Ua kapa ʻia kēia e nā kauka ʻo Trypanosomiasis . He nui ka poʻe e kapa pinepine iā ia ʻo "African Sleeping Sickness" no ka mea, ʻo kekahi o kāna mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi he makemake nui a mau loa e hiamoe i ka wā e holomua ai ke ʻano. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he maʻi koʻikoʻi kēia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi parasite. Ma Nirogi Lanka , makemake mākou e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo pono i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kēia ʻano a me nā mea āu e ʻike ai e pili ana iā ia.
He aha ka Trypanosomiasis?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi parasitic koʻikoʻi ʻo Trypanosomiasis e hiki ke laha ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kou kino. Hoʻopilikia pinepine ia i:
- Kou ʻili
- Kou koko
- ʻO kou mau lymph nodes
- ʻO kou lolo a me ke wai e hoʻopuni ana i kou lolo a me ke kaula spinal , i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka wai cerebrospinal.
Hoʻolaha ʻia kēia maʻi ma o ka nahu ʻana o kahi ʻano lele kikoʻī i loaʻa ma ʻApelika Equatorial , i kapa ʻia ʻo ka lele Tsetse.He mau pepeke hānai koko nui, melemele-ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha nā nalo Tsetse, ma ke ʻano maʻamau mai 0.2 a 0.6 ʻīniha (ma kahi o 6 a 16 mm) ka lōʻihi. ʻO ʻApelika Equatorial ka ʻāina e hele ana ma ka equator ma lalo o ka wao nahele ʻo Sahara. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona ma nā wahi a pau mai kekahi mau pule a i kekahi mau mahina ma hope o ka maʻi.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻoiai he maʻi hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka Trypanosomiasis, hiki ke make inā waiho ʻole ʻia .
Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma kekahi mau inoa ʻē aʻe:
- Maʻi hiamoe ʻApelika
- ʻO ka trypanosomiasis ʻApelika
- ʻO ka trypanosomiasis kanaka ʻApelika (HAT)
No ke aha i kapa ʻia ai ʻo "ʻApelika hiamoe maʻi"?
ʻElua kumu nui no kēia inoa. ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻolaha ʻia nā parasites e ka lele Tsetse maoli i Equatorial Africa. ʻO ka lua, ʻo kahi hōʻailona o ka maʻi pehea ia e hoʻopilikia ai i kāu pōʻaiapuni hiamoe , e hoʻoulu pinepine ai i ka hiamoe mau a koʻikoʻi i ke ao.
Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi?
I ka mōʻaukala, ua laha loa ka Trypanosomiasis. Wahi a ka World Ola kino Organization (WHO), ua hōʻike ʻia ma kahi o 30,000 mau hihia i ka hopena o nā makahiki 1990 a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 2000. Eia nō naʻe, mahalo i nā hana kaohi koʻikoʻi i hoʻokō ʻia i nā makahiki he iwakālua i hala iho nei, ua emi nui ka nui o nā hihia . I ka makahiki 2020, ua emi ma mua o 700 mau hihia i hōʻike ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi Trypanosomiasis?
Hoʻomaka mālie nā hōʻailona. ʻOiai ʻaʻole kēia maʻi i hānau maoli i ko mākou ʻāina, he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia mau hōʻailona:
- He puʻupuʻu pehu, ʻeleʻele ke kala (ʻulaʻula, poni, a ʻeleʻele paha) ma kahi i nahu ʻia ai e ka nalo, a he mea ʻeha paha ia.
- Fiva hou .
- Nā anu .
- Nā ʻeha poʻo .
- ʻEha nā ʻiʻo .
- ʻEha hui .
- ʻŌhūhū ʻili .
- Anemia (ka helu haʻahaʻa o nā ʻāpana koko ʻulaʻula).
- Ka pehu ʻana o ka maka a me/a i ʻole nā lipine lymph .
- Ka hiamoe a me ka paʻakikī e ala.
- Ka huikau a paʻakikī paha i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana.
- Ka paʻakikī i ka hele ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo ʻana .
Me ka ʻole o ka mālama lapaʻau kūpono , hiki i ka Trypanosomiasis ke alakaʻi i ka hopu ʻana, ka coma, a me ka make .
He aha ke kumu o ka Trypanosomiasis?
Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia kūlana e ʻelua ʻano protozoa microscopic, single-celled :
- ʻO Trypanosoma brucei gambiense : Kuleana no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% o nā hihia.
- ʻO Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense : Kuleana no ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 10% o nā hihia.
Pehea e laha ai kēia maʻi i kānaka?
Loaʻa i nā kānaka ka Trypanosomiasis ma o ka nahu ʻana o kahi nalo Tsetse i loaʻa i ka maʻi . Loaʻa i kēia mau nalo nā parasites mai nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi (e like me nā bipi, hipa, kao, puaʻa, lio, a i ʻole nā kāmelo) a i ʻole mai nā kānaka ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi.
He laha anei ka Trypanosomiasis?
Hoʻolaha nui ʻia ia ma o nā nahu nalo. Eia nō naʻe, inā hāpai ʻoe, hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka maʻi i kāu pēpē .
Eia kekahi, ʻoiai he mea kakaikahi loa, hiki ke laha ma o ke kahe koko . E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo e hahai nā mea lawelawe olakino i nā kaʻina hana palekana koʻikoʻi e hōʻoia i ka nānā ʻia ʻana a palekana nā hāʻawi koko āpau.
ʻO wai ka mea i pilikia nui i kēia maʻi?
He ʻano diurnal nā nalo Tsetse, ʻo ia hoʻi, hana lākou i ke ao. Noho nui lākou i nā wahi ulu lāʻau a me nā savannas (kahi ʻāina e hui pū ana i nā ʻano o ka nahele a me ka mauʻu) ma ʻApelika equatorial. Inā ʻoe e hoʻolilo i ka manawa ma kēia mau wahi kikoʻī, e piʻi nui ana kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka Trypanosomiasis.
Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka Trypanosomiasis?
Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻike i ka Trypanosomiasis ma ka nānā ʻana i kāu mōʻaukala olakino, ke kūkākūkā ʻana i kāu mau hōʻailona a me ka mōʻaukala huakaʻi hou, a me ka hana ʻana i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino piha.
Ma hope o kēia, hiki i kāu kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua diagnostic kikoʻī e hōʻoia i ka maʻi.
He aha nā hoʻokolohua diagnostics i hoʻohana ʻia?
Kōkua kēia mau hoʻokolohua i ka ʻike ʻana i ka Trypanosomiasis:
- Nā hoʻāʻo koko: E hoʻohana kekahi mea mālama ola i kahi nila lahilahi e hōʻiliʻili i kahi hāpana koko liʻiliʻi mai kahi aa koko ma kou lima. A laila e nānā ʻia kēia hāpana ma lalo o kahi microscope e nānā i ke alo o nā parasites.
- Hoʻāʻo wai o ka lymph node: Hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻohana i kahi nila e unuhi i ka wai mai kahi lymph node pehu e nānā ai no nā parasites.
- ʻO ke kī ʻana o ka iwi kuamoʻo (Lumbar puncture): Ma kēia kaʻina hana, hoʻokomo ke kauka i kahi nila ma waena o nā vertebrae ma kou kua haʻahaʻa e hōʻiliʻili i ka wai cerebrospinal . Hoʻopili lākou i kēia wai no ke alo o nā parasites a i ʻole nā hōʻailona o ka mumū, e like me ka helu koko keʻokeʻo kiʻekiʻe.
Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka Trypanosomiasis?
ʻAe, me ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama kūpono, hiki ke ho'ōla piha ʻia ka Trypanosomiasis. Aia kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau i nā ʻano kikoʻī o Protozoa i hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi a inā ua laha ka parasite i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino, ʻoi aku hoʻi kou lolo.
- Inā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi i kou lolo a i ʻole ka wai cerebrospinal , hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi:
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe (Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense) : Suramin .
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense) : Fexinidazole a i ʻole Pentamidine .
- Inā ua hiki aku ka maʻi i kou lolo a i ʻole ka wai cerebrospinal , hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi:
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe (Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense) : Melarsoprol .
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense) : Fexinidazole , Eflornithine , Nifurtimox , a i ʻole Melarsoprol .
I kekahi mau hihia, hiki ke lawelawe ʻia nā corticosteroids e hōʻemi i ka mumū, ka ʻeha hui, a me nā ʻehaʻeha o nā ʻiʻo.
Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he mau pila waha a i ʻole ma ke ʻano intravenous. He mea nui e hoʻopau ʻoe i ka papa holoʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā hoʻomaka ʻoe e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO ka hana ʻole ʻana pēlā e alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻi hou ʻana, kahi e ʻoi aku ai ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ma hope o ka mālama ʻana? Pehea mākou e nānā ai i ka hoʻōla hou ʻana?
ʻAʻohe hoʻāʻo hoʻokahi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe loa ʻia ka parasite mai kou kino. No laila, e nānā kāu kauka iā ʻoe no ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope o ka mālama ʻana e nānā i kekahi hoʻi hou ʻana o nā hōʻailona. Inā hoʻi mai nā hōʻailona, e hana hou lākou i nā hoʻāʻo koko a me ka wai cerebrospinal e nānā i ke alo o ka parasite.
Pehea ka wikiwiki o koʻu ho'ōla ʻana ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
ʻO kāu hui mālama ola ke kumu maikaʻi loa no kēia ʻike. Ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o kāu maʻi kikoʻī, hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i kahi manawa i manaʻo ʻia no kou hoʻōla ʻana.
He aha ka mea e hana inā loaʻa iaʻu ka Trypanosomiasis?
Me ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama kūpono, maikaʻi loa kou manaʻo no ka hoʻōla ʻana. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi e loaʻa ana ka mālama ʻia i loko o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule o ka maʻi e ʻike i ka hoʻōla piha ʻana.
Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i ka Trypanosomiasis ke make. ʻOiai hiki ke mālama ʻia ma hope o ka hiki ʻana o ka parasite i ka lolo a me ka wai cerebrospinal, lilo ia i mea paʻakikī loa a emi iho ka prognosis no ke ola.
He aha ka helu ola no ka maʻi hiamoe?
Ke mālama koke ʻia a pololei ʻia, ʻoi aku ma mua o 95% o nā kānaka me Trypanosomiasis e ola.
He aha ka manaʻo no ka Trypanosomiasis?
Ua holomua nui nā hoʻoikaika ʻana e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā hihia Trypanosomiasis i nā makahiki he 20 i hala. Ua hoʻonohonoho ka World Ola kino Organization (WHO) i kahi pahuhopu e hoʻopau i ka Trypanosomiasis ma ke ʻano he hoʻoweliweli olakino lehulehu ma ka makahiki 2030. Manaʻo lākou e hoʻokō i kēia ma o kekahi mau hoʻolālā koʻikoʻi:
- Ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kālā no ka noiʻi.
- Ke hoʻomohala nei i nā ʻano hoʻāʻo diagnostic i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia.
- Ke hāʻawi nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau wikiwiki a kūpono hoʻi.
- Ke kaupalena nei i ka pilina ma waena o nā nalo Tsetse a me nā kānaka.
Hiki ke pale ʻia ka Trypanosomiasis?
ʻAe. Inā ʻoe e hele ana i nā wahi i laha ai kēia maʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā nahu lele Tsetse ma ka hahai ʻana i kēia mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo mai Nirogi Lanka:
- E pale i ka hele ʻana i nā wahi pilikia loa.
- E ʻaʻahu i nā lole kaumaha a palekana, e like me nā lole lōʻihi a me nā pālule lima lōʻihi, no ka mea, hiki i nā nalo Tsetse ke nahu i ka lole lahilahi.
- E koho i nā lole kala kūlike ʻole. Hoʻowalewale ʻia nā nalo Tsetse i nā kala ʻālohilohi a me nā kala ʻeleʻele. E koho i nā leo keʻokeʻo, hina, kirīmi, a beige paha.
- Mai hoʻomaha kokoke i nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi i ke ao. ʻOiai he hana nui nā nalo Tsetse i ke ao, ʻimi pinepine lākou i ka malu ma kēia mau wahi i nā wā wela loa o ka lā.
- E hoʻouka i nā pale ma nā puka makani a me nā puka.
- E noho i loko o ka hale i nā hola kiʻekiʻe o ka hana a nā lele Tsetse.
- E hoʻopili i nā mea pale pepeke a i ʻole nā kemika i ʻāpono ʻia i kou mau lole, nā halelewa, a me ka ʻupena.
- E hiamoe i loko o kahi halelewa mesh maikaʻi a i ʻole ma lalo o ka ʻupena pale. E hōʻoia i ka paʻa pono ʻana o kou halelewa i nā manawa a pau.
- E nānā i nā kaʻa(nā kaʻa a i ʻole nā kalaka) no nā nalo Tsetse ma mua o ke komo ʻana, no ka mea, ua huki ʻia lākou e ka neʻe ʻana a me ka lepo.
Aia kekahi lāʻau pale no ka Trypanosomiasis?
ʻAʻole, ʻaʻohe lāʻau pale a lāʻau pale paha i loaʻa no ka Trypanosomiasis i kēia manawa.
Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho inā loaʻa iaʻu ka Trypanosomiasis?
Inā ʻoe e maʻi ma hope o kou hoʻi ʻana mai kahi wahi i maʻamau ai ka Trypanosomiasis, he mea nui e ʻike koke i ke kauka . ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i kou nahu ʻia ʻana, e hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala huakaʻi. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hoʻōla piha ʻana, e pili pono i kāu hoʻolālā lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻomaha maikaʻi a me ka noho hydrated ma ka inu ʻana i nā wai he nui e kākoʻo i kāu kaʻina hana hoʻōla.
Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?
Inā ua noho ʻoe i ka manawa ma nā wahi me ka pilikia o nā nahu ʻana o nā lele Tsetse a loaʻa nā hōʻailona o Trypanosomiasis, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
Ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e hele i nā nānā maʻamau - ʻo ia hoʻi i kēlā me kēia ʻeono mahina no ka liʻiliʻi o ʻelua mau makahiki. Inā he mau hōʻailona o kahi maʻi e hoʻi hou ana, hiki i kāu kauka ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua ma ke koko a me ka wai cerebrospinal.
Āhea wau e hele ai i kahi lumi pilikia (ER)?
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi ma lalo nei, e hele koke i ka ʻoihana pilikia kokoke loa, a i ʻole e kelepona i ka 911 (a i ʻole kāu helu lawelawe pilikia kūloko):
- Ke kuni ma mua o 103°F (40°C).
- Ka huikau a i ʻole ka pio ʻana.
- Nā ʻōʻili.
Nā nīnau e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka
Ke kipa aku ʻoe i kāu mea mālama ola kino, makemake paha ʻoe e nīnau i kēia mau nīnau:
- Pehea lā i loaʻa ai iaʻu ka Trypanosomiasis?
- Inā ʻaʻole kēia he Trypanosomiasis, he aha nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e hiki ke wehewehe i kaʻu mau hōʻailona?
- Pehea ke koʻikoʻi o koʻu kūlana?
- He aha nā hoʻokolohua āu e hana ai e hōʻoia i ka trypanosomiasis?
- He aha ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e paipai nei?
- Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻōlelo ʻia?
- Āhea wau e manaʻo ai e hoʻomaka e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?
- He aha hou aʻe kaʻu e hana ai e wikiwiki ai koʻu ho'ōla ʻana?
- Pono anei au e makaʻala no kekahi mau hōʻailona hou a i ʻole e ʻoi aʻe ana ka ʻino?
- Āhea wau e hoʻi hou ai no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma hope?
Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa iā Trypanosomiasis ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa?
ʻAe, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa iā Trypanosomiasis ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa. ʻO ka ho'ōla maikaʻi ʻana mai kahi maʻi ma mua ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka palekana, ʻo ia hoʻi ke maʻalahi nei ʻoe i ka maʻi hou.
He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka Trypanosomiasis ʻApelika a me ka Trypanosomiasis ʻAmelika?
ʻOi aku ka ʻike ʻia o ka American Trypanosomiasis ʻo ka maʻi Chagas . He maʻi parasitic ʻokoʻa kēia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka parasite Trypanosoma cruzi . Hoʻoili nui ʻia ia i nā kānaka ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā ʻōpala o nā pepeke Triatomine i loaʻa i ka maʻi, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo "kissing bugs."
Nā Manaʻo Koʻikoʻi (Leka Lawe-Home)
E hōʻuluʻulu kākou i nā mea nui e pili ana i ka Trypanosomiasis no kou olakino:
- He maʻi parasitic ia i laha ʻia e ka nahu ʻana o nā nalo Tsetse , i loaʻa ma nā wahi kikoʻī o ʻApelika.
- ʻOiai hiki ke mālama ʻia inā ʻike ʻia i ka wā mua , hiki ke lilo i mea hoʻoweliweli i ke ola inā waiho ʻole ʻia.
- ʻO nā hōʻailona mua e pili ana i ke kuni, ka ʻehaʻeha o nā ʻiʻo, a me nā pehu o nā lymph node, e holomua ana i ka hiamoe nui i ke ao a me ka huikau.
- Inā ʻoe e huakaʻi ana i nā wahi laha ʻole, he mea nui e mālama pono i nā nahu ʻana o nā nalo .
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona ma hope o ke kipa ʻana i ia mau wahi, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau .
Lana ko mākou manaʻo e kōkua kēia ʻike iā ʻoe e noho mākaukau. E noho palekana a olakino me Nirogi Lanka!
👩🏽⚕️ Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia (FAQs)
💬 Hoʻolaha ʻia anei ka Trypanosomiasis (ʻApelika Maʻi Moe) e nā makika?
ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole ia e laha ʻia e nā makika. Hoʻolaha ʻia ia ma o ka nahu ʻana o ka lele Tsetse i loaʻa ma ʻApelika hema o ka Sahara. Komo ka parasite (Trypanosoma brucei) i loko o kou koko ma o ka nahu ʻana o ka lele a hiki i ka hopena ke hoʻouka i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena, e alakaʻi ana i kahi maʻi parasitic koʻikoʻi.
💬 No ke aha i kapa ʻia ai ʻo 'Maʻi hiamoe'?
Pili kēia i ke kahua ʻelua koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi. Ke hele ka maʻi i ka pale koko-lolo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena, hoʻopilikia ia i kāu pōʻaiapuni hiamoe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka hiamoe nui i ke ao aʻo ʻoe e ʻeha ana i ka insomnia i ka pō. Me ka ʻole o ka mālama ʻia, hiki i kēia kahua ke alakaʻi i ka coma a me ka make.
💬 Aia wau i ka pilikia ma Sri Lanka? Loaʻa anei ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hele i nā wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia (e like me nā ʻāpana o ʻApelika hema o ka Sahara), ʻaʻole ʻoe i pilikia, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe lele Tsetse ma Sri Lanka. Loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā (e like me Pentamidine a i ʻole Eflornithine), akā pono e lawelawe ʻia ma lalo o ka mālama loea. He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo he make kēia maʻi me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai ke hiki i ke kahua neurological.
Nā lepili: Trypanosomiasis, Maʻi hiamoe ʻApelika, lele Tsetse, maʻi parasitic, olakino huakaʻi, nā hōʻailona
