Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ka Trypanosomiasis, ka maʻi hiamoe i loaʻa ma ʻApelika?

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kahi maʻi ʻē a weliweli iki e kū nei ma nā wahi o ʻApelika? Ua kapa ʻia e nā kauka he trypanosomiasis. Ua kapa pū kekahi poʻe iā ia he "ʻAferika hiamoe maʻi" no ka mea e hoʻohiamoe nui ai ʻoe. He maʻi koʻikoʻi maoli ia i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi parasite. E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i nā mea āpau i kēia lā.

He aha kēia ʻano Trypanosomiasis?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he maʻi parasitic koʻikoʻi loa ka trypanosomiasis. Hiki iā ia ke laha i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ko mākou kino. E nānā kākou i kahi e pili ai:

• No kou ʻili
• No kou koko
• I kou mau lymph nodes
• ʻO kou lolo a me ke wai e hoʻopuni ana i kou lolo a me ke kaula spinal , i kapa ʻia ʻo ka wai cerebrospinal.

Hoʻolaha ʻia kēia maʻi ma o ka nahu ʻana o kahi ʻano lele kūikawā i loaʻa ma ʻApelika ʻEkuatoa . Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau lele he mau lele tsetse . He mau lele nui kēia mau lele tsetse, melemele-ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha e omo ana i ke koko. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, hiki i kēia mau lele ke loaʻa ma kahi o 0.2 a 0.6 ʻīniha (ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o 6 a 16 millimeters) ka lōʻihi. ʻO ʻApelika ʻEkuatoa ka ʻāpana o ʻApelika e holo ana ma ka ekuatoa, ma lalo o ka Wao nahele ʻo Sahara. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona i loko o kekahi mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina ma hope o ka maʻi.

ʻO ka mea nui, he maʻi hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka trypanosomiasis. Eia naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka make .

Ua kapa ʻia kēia maʻi e kekahi mau inoa ʻē aʻe:

• Maʻi hiamoe ʻApelika
• ʻO ka trypanosomiasis ʻApelika
• ʻO ka trypanosomiasis kanaka ʻApelika (HAT)

No ke aha i kapa ʻia ai kēia ʻo "ʻApelika hiamoe maʻi"?

Ua kapa ʻia kēia maʻi trypanosomiasis e ka poʻe he "maʻi hiamoe ʻApelika" no ʻelua mau kumu. ʻO kekahi, ʻo nā parasites e hoʻoulu ai i ia mea e hoʻolaha ʻia e nā lele tsetse ma Equatorial Africa. ʻO kekahi, ʻo kekahi o nā hōʻailona nui o kēia maʻi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i kāu hiamoe . ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hiamoe mau.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi?

He maʻi maʻamau loa ka Trypanosomiasis ma mua. Wahi a ka World Health Organization (WHO), aia ma kahi o 30,000 mau hihia i ka hopena o nā makahiki 1990 a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 2000. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o nā hana kaohi i lawe ʻia i nā makahiki he 20 i hala iho nei, ua emi nui ka nui o nā hihia.I ka makahiki 2020, ua emi ma mua o 700 mau hihia o ka trypanosomiasis i hōʻike ʻia.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi Trypanosomiasis?

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona o kēia maʻi kekahi ma hope o kekahi. E nānā inā ua kamaʻāina ʻoe i kēia mau mea (ʻoiai ʻaʻole kēia maʻi i loaʻa maoli ma ko mākou ʻāina, he mea nui e ʻike i kēia mau mea):

• Hiki ke ulu aʻe kahi puʻupuʻu pehu, ʻeleʻele (ʻulaʻula, poni, a ʻeleʻele paha) ma kahi o ka nahu ʻana. Hiki ke ʻeha kēia.
• He kuni e hele mai a hele aku (kuni hou) .
• Ke anu nei ke kino .
• ʻEha poʻo .
• ʻEha ʻiʻo .
• ʻEha hui .
• ʻŌhūhū ʻili .
• ʻO ka emi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula i loko o ke koko, ʻo ia hoʻi , ka anemia .
• Ka pehu ʻana o ka maka a me/a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kikowaena lymph .
• Ka paʻakikī e ala, ka hiamoe pinepine .
• Ka hiki ʻole ke noʻonoʻo pono, kahi kūlana o ka ʻike ʻole (Confusion) .
• Ka paʻakikī i ka hele ʻana a i ʻole ke kamaʻilio ʻana .

Inā ʻaʻole i mālama pono ʻia , hiki i ka trypanosomiasis ke hana i nā kuʻi , ka coma, a me ka make .

He aha ke kumu o ka trypanosomiasis?

Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia maʻi e ʻelua ʻano o nā parasite microscopic hoʻokahi-cell i kapa ʻia ʻo protozoa .

• ʻO Trypanosoma brucei gambiense . ʻO kēia parasite ke kuleana no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% o nā hihia o ka trypanosomiasis.
• ʻO Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense . ʻO kēia parasite ke kuleana no ka emi ma mua o 10% o nā hihia.

Pehea e loaʻa ai kēia maʻi i nā kānaka?

Hoʻolaha ʻia ka Trypanosomiasis i nā kānaka ma o ka nahu ʻana o nā nalo tsetse i loaʻa i ka maʻi. Loaʻa i nā nalo tsetse kēia mau parasite mai nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka maʻi (e like me nā bipi, nā hipa, nā kao, nā puaʻa, nā lio, a me nā kāmelo) a i ʻole mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi.

He maʻi lele anei ka Trypanosomiasis?

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻo ka trypanosomiasis ka nahu ʻana o kahi lele tsetse i loaʻa i ka maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, inā hāpai ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoili i ka maʻi i kāu pēpē .

ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, he liʻiliʻi loa ka manawa e hiki ai ke laha kēia maʻi ma o ke kahe koko . Akā, he mea kākaʻikahi loa ia. No ka mea, lawe nā mea lawelawe olakino i nā hana palekana he nui e palekana ai ka hāʻawi koko.

ʻO wai ka mea i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia e kēia maʻi?

ʻO nā nalo Tsetse he mau nalo diurnal e hana ana i ke ao.He ʻano nalo. Noho lākou ma nā wahi ulu lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​savannah (ka hui pū ʻana o ka nahele a me ka wao nahele) ma ʻApelika ʻEkuatoa. No laila, inā ʻoe e hoʻolilo i ka manawa ma kēia mau wahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o kou loaʻa ʻana i ka trypanosomiasis.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka Trypanosomiasis?

Hiki i ke kauka ke ʻike i ka trypanosomiasis ma ka lawe ʻana i kāu mōʻaukala olakino, e nīnau e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a me ka mōʻaukala huakaʻi hou, a me ka hana ʻana i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino.

Ma hope o kēlā, hiki i ke kauka ke kauoha i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua kūikawā e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua diagnostics?

Kōkua kēia mau hoʻokolohua i ka ʻike ʻana i ka trypanosomiasis:

• Nā hoʻāʻo koko : Ma kēia, lawe ke kauka i kahi hāpana koko liʻiliʻi mai kahi aʻa koko ma kou lima me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila lahilahi. A laila e nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā he mau parasites.
• Hoʻāʻo wai o ka lymph node : Hoʻohana ke kauka i kahi nila e lawe i kekahi wai mai kahi lymph node pehu a nānā iā ia no nā parasites.
• ʻO ke kī ʻana o ka iwi kuamoʻo / lumbar puncture : Ma kēia, hoʻokomo ke kauka i kahi nila ma waena o ʻelua vertebrae ma kou kua haʻahaʻa (ʻāpana lumbar) a wehe i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka wai cerebrospinal . Nānā ʻia no nā parasites, ka helu kiʻekiʻe o nā cell koko keʻokeʻo, a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi.

Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia ka trypanosomiasis?

ʻAe, inā ʻike mua ʻia a mālama pono ʻia, hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia ka trypanosomiasis. Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke ʻano o ka protozoa i hoʻopilikia iā ʻoe, a inā ua laha ka maʻi i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino, ʻoi aku ka lolo.

• Inā ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi trypanosomiasis i kou lolo a i ʻole ka wai cerebrospinal , hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me:
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻo Suramin, kahi parasite i kapa ʻia ʻo Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka lāʻau ʻo '(Trypanosoma brucei gambiense)', e lawe iā Fexinidazole a i ʻole Pentamidine .
• Inā ua hoʻopilikia ka maʻi trypanosomiasis i kou lolo a i ʻole ka wai cerebrospinal , hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me:
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻo Melarsoprol, i kapa ʻia ʻo (Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense).
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense), pono ʻoe e lawe iā Fexinidazole , Eflornithine , Nifurtimox a i ʻoleʻO Melarsoprol.

I kekahi manawa, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia nā corticosteroids e hōʻemi i ka pehu a me ka ʻeha o nā hono a me nā ʻiʻo.

Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe ma ke ʻano he pila (me ka wai) a i ʻole he wai i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o kahi aʻa (intravenously). ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka lawe ʻana i ka papa holoʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia e kāu kauka, ʻoiai inā hoʻomaka ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu. A i ʻole, e hoʻi hou mai paha ka trypanosomiasis, e paʻakikī ai ka mālama ʻana.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia ma hope o ka mālama ʻana? Pehea e nānā ai inā e hoʻōla mau ana au?

ʻAʻohe hoʻāʻo paʻa e hiki ke hōʻoia ʻaʻole ʻoe i loaʻa hou i ka trypanosomiasis. No laila, e nānā nā kauka iā ʻoe no ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope o ka mālama ʻana e ʻike inā hoʻi mai nā hōʻailona. Inā loaʻa hou iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona, ​​​​hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua koko a me ka wai cerebrospinal e nānā i nā parasites.

Pehea ka wikiwiki o koʻu ho'ōla ʻana ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO kāu kauka ke kanaka kūpono loa e pane i kēia. Ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o kou maʻi, hiki iā ia ke kuhi i ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ʻoe e ʻoluʻolu ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

He aha ka mea e hana inā loaʻa iaʻu ka trypanosomiasis?

Inā ʻike mua ʻia a mālama pono ʻia, maikaʻi loa ka manawa e hoʻōla ai mai ka trypanosomiasis. Hoʻōla ka hapa nui o ka poʻe inā loaʻa iā lākou ka lāʻau i loko o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule o ka maʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia, nui ka poʻe e make ana mai ka trypanosomiasis. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o ka parasite i ka lolo a me ka wai cerebrospinal. Eia nō naʻe, haʻahaʻa ka manawa e hoʻopakele ai i nā ola.

He aha nā mea e hiki ai ke ola i ka maʻi hiamoe?

Me ka mālama kūpono, ʻoi aku ma mua o 95% o ka poʻe me ka trypanosomiasis e ola.

He aha ka manaʻolana no ka trypanosomiasis?

I nā makahiki he 20 i hala iho nei, ua holomua loa nā hana e hōʻemi i ka nui o nā hihia o ka trypanosomiasis. Ua hoʻonohonoho ka World Health Organization (WHO) i kahi pahuhopu o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka trypanosomiasis ma ke ʻano he pilikia olakino lehulehu ma ka makahiki 2030. Manaʻolana lākou e hoʻokō i kēia pahuhopu ma o:

• E hoʻolako i nā kālā hou aku no ka noiʻi.
• Ke hoʻomohala nei i nā ʻano hoʻāʻo maikaʻi aʻe.
• Ke hāʻawi wikiwiki nei i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Ke kaupalena nei i ka pilina ma waena o nā nalo tsetse a me nā kānaka.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka Trypanosomiasis?

ʻAe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kēia mau mea e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho mai ka nahu ʻia ʻana e nā nalo tsetse (ʻoi aku hoʻi inā ʻoe e hele ana i nā wahi i laha ai kēia maʻi):

• Mai ho'āʻo e hele i nā wahi i loaʻa i ka maʻi.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā lole mānoanoa , nā lole loloa, a me nā lima lima lōʻihi, no ka mea, hiki i nā nalo tsetse ke nahu i nā lole lahilahi.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā lole kala kūlike ʻole. Hoʻowalewale ʻia nā nalo Tsetse i nā kala ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻālohilohi. E koho i nā lole i nā kala e like me ke keʻokeʻo, hina, kirīmi, ʻeleʻele, a i ʻole beige.
• E pale i ke kau ʻana a puni nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi i ke ao. ʻOiai he hana nui nā nalo tsetse i ke ao, i kekahi manawa ke ʻimi nei lākou i ka malu ma waena o nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi i ka wā wela loa o ka lā.
• E hoʻouka i nā pale ma nā puka makani a me nā puka.
• E noho i loko o ka hale i nā manawa e hana nui ai nā nalo tsetse.
• E hoʻopili i nā pīpī a i ʻole nā ​​​​kemika i nā lole, nā halelewa, a me nā uhi ʻupena e pale aku ai i nā nalo tsetse.
• E hiamoe i loko o kahi halelewa me kahi ʻupena lahilahi, a i ʻole e hoʻohana i ka ʻupena pale i kou wā e hiamoe ai. E hōʻoia e pani pono i kou halelewa.
• Ma mua o ke komo ʻana i loko o nā kaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​kalaka, e nānā i loko no nā nalo tsetse. Hoʻowalewale ʻia lākou e ka neʻe ʻana a me ka lepo i hoʻoulu ʻia e nā kaʻa.

Aia kekahi lāʻau pale no ka Trypanosomiasis?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻohe lāʻau pale a lāʻau ʻē aʻe paha i kēia manawa e hiki ke pale aku i ka trypanosomiasis.

Pehea wau e mālama ai iaʻu iho inā loaʻa iaʻu ka trypanosomiasis?

Inā hoʻomaka ʻoe e maʻi ma hope o ka huakaʻi ʻana i kahi wahi i maʻamau ai ka trypanosomiasis, he mea nui e ʻike koke i ke kauka . ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo i ka nahu ʻia ʻana e kahi lele tsetse, e haʻi i kāu kauka inā ua noho ʻoe ma kahi i pilikia ai ʻoe. E hahai pololei i kā lākou hoʻolālā lapaʻau e hoʻōla piha ai.

Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻomaha nui a me ka inu ʻana i nā wai he nui e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻōla koke.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā ua noho ʻoe i ka manawa ma nā wahi i pilikia ai ʻoe i ka nahu ʻia e nā nalo tsetse a loaʻa nā hōʻailona o ka trypanosomiasis, e ʻike koke i ke kauka.

Ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kāu kauka no nā nānā maʻamau - maʻamau i kēlā me kēia ʻeono mahina no ʻelua makahiki. Inā loaʻa hou iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi, e lawe kāu kauka i ke koko a me nā laʻana wai cerebrospinal.

Āhea wau e hele ai i kahi Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, e hele i ka Lumi Hoʻopilikia (ER) kokoke loa, a i ʻole e kelepona i ka 911 (a i ʻole kāu helu hoʻopilikia kūloko):

• He kuni ma luna o 103 degere Fahrenheit (40 degere Celsius).
• Ka huikau a i ʻole ka pio ʻana.
• Nā ʻūlū .

He aha nā nīnau āu e nīnau ai i ke kauka?

Ke ʻike ʻoe i kāu kauka, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i nā nīnau e like me kēia:

• Pehea lā i loaʻa ai iaʻu ka trypanosomiasis?
• Inā ʻaʻohe oʻu trypanosomiasis, he aha ke ʻano ʻē aʻe e loaʻa iaʻu?
• Pehea ke koʻikoʻi o koʻu kūlana?
• He aha nā hoʻokolohua āu e hana ai e hōʻoia i ka trypanosomiasis?
• He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e paipai nei?
• Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e ʻōlelo nei?
• Āhea wau e hoʻomaka ai e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?
• He aha hou aʻe kaʻu e hana ai e wikiwiki ai koʻu ho'ōla ʻana?
• Pono anei au e hopohopo e pili ana i nā hōʻailona hou a i ʻole e ʻoi aku ka ʻino?
• Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka no nā hoʻokolohua hou aku?

Hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa i ka trypanosomiasis ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa?

ʻAe, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ka trypanosomiasis ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ka mālama kūpono no ka trypanosomiasis iā ʻoe i ka palekana mai ka loaʻa hou ʻana.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka Trypanosomiasis ʻApelika a me ka Trypanosomiasis ʻAmelika?

ʻO American Trypanosomiasis kekahi inoa ʻē aʻe no ka maʻi Chagas . He ʻano maʻi parasitic ʻē aʻe ia. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e kahi parasite i kapa ʻia ʻo Trypanosoma cruzi . Hoʻolaha pinepine ʻia ka parasite Trypanosoma cruzi ma o ka nahu ʻana o nā pepeke Triatomine i loaʻa i ka maʻi (ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo "kissing bugs").

Leka Lawe-Home

ʻAe, e hōʻuluʻulu kākou i nā mea nui a mākou i kamaʻilio ai e pili ana i ka trypanosomiasis:

• He maʻi parasitic kēia i laha ʻia e ka nahu ʻana o nā nalo tsetse a loaʻa i kekahi mau wahi o ʻApelika.
• Inā ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka wā mua, hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia , a i ʻole hiki ke make .
• Hiki i nā hōʻailona ke komo pū me ke kuni, ka ʻeha kino, nā kīpē lymph pehu, a me ka hiamoe nui a me ka huikau.
• Inā ʻoe e hele ana i nā wahi i laha ai kēia maʻi, he mea nui loa ia e hana i nā hana e pale aku ai iā ʻoe iho mai nā nalo .
• Inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana mai ia huakaʻi, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau .

Manaʻolana wau he mea pono kēia ʻike iā ʻoe. E ola kino!