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Koj puas yuav tsum tau phais sai sai no? Yog li ntawd cia peb kawm txog qhov kev faib tawm ASA no!

Koj puas yuav tsum tau phais sai sai no? Yog li ntawd cia peb kawm txog qhov kev faib tawm ASA no!

Puas tau muaj ib zaug uas cov kws kho mob hais kom koj phais loj lossis me, uas yog, phais? Yog li ntawd, koj Ua ntej muab tshuaj loog rau koj, lossis cov tshuaj uas ua rau koj mob thaum phais, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas me ntsis ntawm koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua ASA kev faib tawm . Thaum koj hnov ​​​​​​qhov no, koj yuav ntshai me ntsis, zoo li, "Auj, koj puas yuav muab qhab nia rau kuv?" Tab sis qhov tseeb nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas pab koj tus kws kho mob kho koj hauv txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Yog li, cia peb tham ntxiv me ntsis txog qhov no, puas yog?

Kev faib tawm ASA yog dab tsi? Vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb?

Hais yooj yim xwb, ASA Lub Cev Kev Faib Pawg Txheej Txheem yog ib lub txheej txheem rau kev ntsuam xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ua ntej phais uas xav tau kev siv tshuaj loog. Nws tau tsim los ntawm American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) . Xav txog seb yog txhua tus kws kho mob siv tib cov txheej txheem los ntsuam xyuas cov neeg mob, puas yog txhua tus yuav tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tib yam? Qhov ntawd yog ib qho ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm lub txheej txheem no.

Muaj ntau yam laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev siv qhov kev faib tawm no:

  • Ua ntej koj phais Khaws cov ntaub ntawv txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv : Qhov no yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv tseeb txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ua ntej phais mob.
  • Ib txoj kev siv uas txhua tus kws kho mob siv tau: Txawm koj nyob qhov twg hauv ntiaj teb no los xij, thaum koj tham nrog cov kws kho mob siv tshuaj loog txog tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv, lawv txhua tus tuaj yeem nkag siab txog nws los ntawm kev qhia tus lej ASA no rau lawv.
  • Pab txheeb xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phais: Qhov no ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem qhia koj qhov kev pheej hmoo. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muab ua ke nrog lwm yam xws li koj lub hnub nyoog, qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev phais, nws loj npaum li cas, thiab nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas, nws pab kwv yees qhov teeb meem ntawm kev phais.

Tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov: Qhov kev faib tawm ASA no tsis yog kev kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm koj qhov kev phais. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem pab koj ntsuam xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phais, Cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab tom qab xav txog ntau yam ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai thaum koj pom tus lej no.

Tus ASA no yog leej twg?

ASA sawv cev rau American Society of Anesthesiologists.Lub npe luv no sawv cev rau "American Society of Anesthetists." Lub kaw lus faib tawm no tau pib siv thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1941, thaum lub koom haum yav dhau los hu ua American Society of Anesthetists. Nws tau raug siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob thoob plaws ntiaj teb txij thaum ntawd los.

ASA no muab faib ua pawg li cas? Cov theem yog dab tsi?

Hauv kev faib tawm ASA no, muaj rau theem (txog VI) los ntawm cov lej Roman I (ib) txog V (tsib). ASA Kuv yog tus neeg noj qab haus huv tshaj plaws. ASA V yog ib tus neeg uas muaj mob hnyav uas ua rau tuag taus. Qib VI yog rau cov neeg mob hlwb tuag uas raug tshem tawm rau kev pub cov noob caj noob ces (cov neeg pub cov noob caj noob ces).

Cia peb saib seb txhua qib no feem ntau txhais li cas. Koj Nyob ntawm lub tsev kho mob uas muab kev kho mob , cov piv txwv no yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm lawv qhov kev tshwj xeeb.

  • ASA I: Ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo tag nrho . Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib tug neeg muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo, tsis muaj mob hnyav lossis mob ntev. Piv txwv li, ib tug neeg uas tsis muaj mob thiab tab tom phais rau qhov txiav me me ntawm lawv txhais caj npab lossis mob xwm txheej ceev xws li mob hnyuv tws.
  • ASA II: Ib tug neeg uas muaj kab mob me me hauv lub cev . Ntawd yog, ib tug neeg uas muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv me me uas tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua ub ua no txhua hnub thiab tuaj yeem tswj tau. Piv txwv li: tswj tau ntshav qab zib zoo, tswj tau ntshav siab zoo, rog dhau (BMI ntawm 30-40), haus luam yeeb (tsis muaj teeb meem loj), niam cev xeeb tub (tsis muaj teeb meem).
  • ASA III: Ib tug neeg uas muaj kab mob hnyav thoob plaws lub cev . Kab mob no yuav muaj qee yam kev txwv hauv kev ua ub ua no txhua hnub. Tab sis nws tsis yog qhov txaus ntshai rau lub neej tam sim ntawd. Piv txwv li: ntshav qab zib tsis tswj tau, ntshav siab tsis tswj tau, mob plawv nres hauv 3 lub hlis dhau los, mob ntsws loj (COPD), mob raum ntev , thiab kev ntxuav ntshav.
  • ASA IV: Ib tug neeg uas muaj kab mob hnyav heev uas ua rau lub neej muaj kev phom sij tas li . Cov neeg no feem ntau nyob rau hauv ib qho mob hnyav heev. Piv txwv li: Ib tug neeg uas nyuam qhuav muaj mob plawv nres lossis mob hlwb (tsawg dua 3 lub hlis), ib tug neeg uas muaj teeb meem loj heev ntawm lub qhov ntswg, txo qis kev ejection fraction, sepsis hnyav, lossis ib tug neeg uas muaj mob raum tsis ua haujlwm (tsis tau ntxuav ntshav).
  • ASA V:Ib tug neeg mob uas yuav tuag yog ib tug neeg uas yuav tuag hauv 24 teev tom ntej, txawm tias puas tau phais los tsis tau. Kev phais tab tom ua los cawm lawv txoj sia, tab sis tsis paub meej tias nws puas yuav ua tiav. Piv txwv li: Ib qho mob uas tshwm sim sai sai, uas ua rau tuag taus xws li lub plab aortic aneurysm tawg, ib tug neeg uas tau raug mob ntau yam hauv qhov xwm txheej loj (kev raug mob hnyav), lossis ib tug neeg uas tau raug mob hnyav los ntawm lub hlwb (los ntshav hauv lub hlwb nrog rau qhov cuam tshuam loj).

Thaum twg qhov kev faib tawm ASA no siv?

Thaum koj muaj kev phais mob uas tau teem sijhawm tseg, pab pawg kws kho mob yuav muab kev faib tawm ASA rau koj rau hnub phais mob, ua ntej koj tau txais tshuaj loog. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseeb thiab hloov tshiab tshaj plaws txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj mob khaub thuas me ntsis ob peb hnub ua ntej koj phais mob, qhov ntawd tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no. Yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua nws thaum kawg.

Tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist no yog leej twg?

Tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist yog ib tus kws kho mob uas tau kawm tshwj xeeb los muab cov tshuaj loog rau koj kom koj tsis hnov ​​mob thaum lub sijhawm phais. Qee cov tshuaj loog tsuas yog ua rau ib feem ntawm koj lub cev tsis hnov ​​mob xwb (piv txwv li, txhaj tshuaj rau hauv pob txha caj qaum). Lwm cov tshuaj ua rau koj tsaug zog tag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm phais loj thiab nyuaj. Tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist yuav saib xyuas koj lub plawv dhia, ntshav siab, thiab ua pa thoob plaws hauv kev phais kom paub tseeb tias koj tsis hnov ​​mob.

Yog li, qhov kev faib tawm ASA no yog ib yam dab tsi uas pab koj tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist npaj qhov kev siv tshuaj loog kom raug rau koj qhov kev phais. Nws yuav zoo li txawv txawv thaum hnov ​​​​​​ib tug neeg "qib" koj tus mob. Tab sis nws tsuas yog ib qho system khaws cov ntaub ntawv siv los muab kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj thiab kho txhua yam rau koj cov kev xav tau. Nws tsis txiav txim siab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm koj qhov kev phais los ntawm nws tus kheej. Muaj ntau lwm yam uas mus rau hauv qhov ntawd.

Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov dab tsi ntawm qhov no? (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Zoo, yog li, los ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog hauv qhov kev faib tawm ASA no, cov no yog cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau koj:

  • Kev faib tawm ASA yog ib txoj kev uas cov kws kho mob siv tshuaj loog los ntsuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ua ntej phais. Nws tau qhia los ntawm American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) .
  • Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no yog khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv, qhia txog txoj kev uas txhua tus kws kho mob siv tau, thiab pab soj ntsuam qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phais.
  • Qhov no muaj qib txij li ASA I (noj qab nyob zoo) mus txog ASA VI (tus pub lub hlwb tuag).
  • Tsis txhob ntshai qhov "qib" no. Qhov no tsis yog kev kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm koj qhov kev phais, thiab nws tsis yog daim ntawv lo tias koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo.
  • Cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab qhov kev pheej hmoo los ntawm kev muab qhov kev faib tawm no nrog lwm yam, xws li koj lub hnub nyoog thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev phais.
  • Thaum kawg, txhua yam no yog ua los pab koj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv tshuaj loog thiab ua kom kev phais ua tiav.

Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tau teem sijhawm phais, thiab cov kws kho mob tham txog koj qib ASA, tam sim no koj nkag siab zoo dua txog nws, puas yog? Yog tias koj muaj lus nug ntxiv hauv koj lub siab, tsis txhob ntshai nug koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist. Lawv yuav piav qhia txhua yam rau koj.


Kev siv tshuaj loog, phais, kev faib tawm ASA, kev ntsuam xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, kev phais, tsev kho mob, kev kho mob

⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.

Ntxiv koj cov lus

Thov xam: 3 + 4 =
Koj puas yuav tsum tau phais sai sai no? Yog li ntawd cia peb kawm txog qhov kev faib tawm ASA no!
Kev phais mobJuly 5, 2026

Koj puas yuav tsum tau phais sai sai no? Yog li ntawd cia peb kawm txog qhov kev faib tawm ASA no!

Puas tau muaj ib zaug uas cov kws kho mob hais kom koj phais loj lossis me, uas yog, phais? Yog li ntawd, koj Ua ntej muab tshuaj loog rau koj, lossis cov tshuaj uas ua rau koj mob thaum phais, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas me ntsis ntawm koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua ASA kev faib tawm . Thaum koj hnov ​​​​​​qhov no, koj yuav ntshai me ntsis, zoo li, "Auj, koj puas yuav muab qhab nia rau kuv?" Tab sis qhov tseeb nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas pab koj tus kws kho mob kho koj hauv txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Yog li, cia peb tham ntxiv me ntsis txog qhov no, puas yog?

Kev faib tawm ASA yog dab tsi? Vim li cas nws thiaj tseem ceeb?

Hais yooj yim xwb, ASA Lub Cev Kev Faib Pawg Txheej Txheem yog ib lub txheej txheem rau kev ntsuam xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ua ntej phais uas xav tau kev siv tshuaj loog. Nws tau tsim los ntawm American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) . Xav txog seb yog txhua tus kws kho mob siv tib cov txheej txheem los ntsuam xyuas cov neeg mob, puas yog txhua tus yuav tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tib yam? Qhov ntawd yog ib qho ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm lub txheej txheem no.

Muaj ntau yam laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev siv qhov kev faib tawm no:

  • Ua ntej koj phais Khaws cov ntaub ntawv txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv : Qhov no yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv tseeb txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ua ntej phais mob.
  • Ib txoj kev siv uas txhua tus kws kho mob siv tau: Txawm koj nyob qhov twg hauv ntiaj teb no los xij, thaum koj tham nrog cov kws kho mob siv tshuaj loog txog tus neeg mob txoj kev noj qab haus huv, lawv txhua tus tuaj yeem nkag siab txog nws los ntawm kev qhia tus lej ASA no rau lawv.
  • Pab txheeb xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phais: Qhov no ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem qhia koj qhov kev pheej hmoo. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muab ua ke nrog lwm yam xws li koj lub hnub nyoog, qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev phais, nws loj npaum li cas, thiab nws yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas, nws pab kwv yees qhov teeb meem ntawm kev phais.

Tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov: Qhov kev faib tawm ASA no tsis yog kev kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm koj qhov kev phais. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem pab koj ntsuam xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phais, Cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab tom qab xav txog ntau yam ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai thaum koj pom tus lej no.

Tus ASA no yog leej twg?

ASA sawv cev rau American Society of Anesthesiologists.Lub npe luv no sawv cev rau "American Society of Anesthetists." Lub kaw lus faib tawm no tau pib siv thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1941, thaum lub koom haum yav dhau los hu ua American Society of Anesthetists. Nws tau raug siv los ntawm cov kws kho mob thoob plaws ntiaj teb txij thaum ntawd los.

ASA no muab faib ua pawg li cas? Cov theem yog dab tsi?

Hauv kev faib tawm ASA no, muaj rau theem (txog VI) los ntawm cov lej Roman I (ib) txog V (tsib). ASA Kuv yog tus neeg noj qab haus huv tshaj plaws. ASA V yog ib tus neeg uas muaj mob hnyav uas ua rau tuag taus. Qib VI yog rau cov neeg mob hlwb tuag uas raug tshem tawm rau kev pub cov noob caj noob ces (cov neeg pub cov noob caj noob ces).

Cia peb saib seb txhua qib no feem ntau txhais li cas. Koj Nyob ntawm lub tsev kho mob uas muab kev kho mob , cov piv txwv no yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm lawv qhov kev tshwj xeeb.

  • ASA I: Ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo tag nrho . Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib tug neeg muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo, tsis muaj mob hnyav lossis mob ntev. Piv txwv li, ib tug neeg uas tsis muaj mob thiab tab tom phais rau qhov txiav me me ntawm lawv txhais caj npab lossis mob xwm txheej ceev xws li mob hnyuv tws.
  • ASA II: Ib tug neeg uas muaj kab mob me me hauv lub cev . Ntawd yog, ib tug neeg uas muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv me me uas tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua ub ua no txhua hnub thiab tuaj yeem tswj tau. Piv txwv li: tswj tau ntshav qab zib zoo, tswj tau ntshav siab zoo, rog dhau (BMI ntawm 30-40), haus luam yeeb (tsis muaj teeb meem loj), niam cev xeeb tub (tsis muaj teeb meem).
  • ASA III: Ib tug neeg uas muaj kab mob hnyav thoob plaws lub cev . Kab mob no yuav muaj qee yam kev txwv hauv kev ua ub ua no txhua hnub. Tab sis nws tsis yog qhov txaus ntshai rau lub neej tam sim ntawd. Piv txwv li: ntshav qab zib tsis tswj tau, ntshav siab tsis tswj tau, mob plawv nres hauv 3 lub hlis dhau los, mob ntsws loj (COPD), mob raum ntev , thiab kev ntxuav ntshav.
  • ASA IV: Ib tug neeg uas muaj kab mob hnyav heev uas ua rau lub neej muaj kev phom sij tas li . Cov neeg no feem ntau nyob rau hauv ib qho mob hnyav heev. Piv txwv li: Ib tug neeg uas nyuam qhuav muaj mob plawv nres lossis mob hlwb (tsawg dua 3 lub hlis), ib tug neeg uas muaj teeb meem loj heev ntawm lub qhov ntswg, txo qis kev ejection fraction, sepsis hnyav, lossis ib tug neeg uas muaj mob raum tsis ua haujlwm (tsis tau ntxuav ntshav).
  • ASA V:Ib tug neeg mob uas yuav tuag yog ib tug neeg uas yuav tuag hauv 24 teev tom ntej, txawm tias puas tau phais los tsis tau. Kev phais tab tom ua los cawm lawv txoj sia, tab sis tsis paub meej tias nws puas yuav ua tiav. Piv txwv li: Ib qho mob uas tshwm sim sai sai, uas ua rau tuag taus xws li lub plab aortic aneurysm tawg, ib tug neeg uas tau raug mob ntau yam hauv qhov xwm txheej loj (kev raug mob hnyav), lossis ib tug neeg uas tau raug mob hnyav los ntawm lub hlwb (los ntshav hauv lub hlwb nrog rau qhov cuam tshuam loj).

Thaum twg qhov kev faib tawm ASA no siv?

Thaum koj muaj kev phais mob uas tau teem sijhawm tseg, pab pawg kws kho mob yuav muab kev faib tawm ASA rau koj rau hnub phais mob, ua ntej koj tau txais tshuaj loog. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseeb thiab hloov tshiab tshaj plaws txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj mob khaub thuas me ntsis ob peb hnub ua ntej koj phais mob, qhov ntawd tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no. Yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua nws thaum kawg.

Tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist no yog leej twg?

Tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist yog ib tus kws kho mob uas tau kawm tshwj xeeb los muab cov tshuaj loog rau koj kom koj tsis hnov ​​mob thaum lub sijhawm phais. Qee cov tshuaj loog tsuas yog ua rau ib feem ntawm koj lub cev tsis hnov ​​mob xwb (piv txwv li, txhaj tshuaj rau hauv pob txha caj qaum). Lwm cov tshuaj ua rau koj tsaug zog tag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm phais loj thiab nyuaj. Tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist yuav saib xyuas koj lub plawv dhia, ntshav siab, thiab ua pa thoob plaws hauv kev phais kom paub tseeb tias koj tsis hnov ​​mob.

Yog li, qhov kev faib tawm ASA no yog ib yam dab tsi uas pab koj tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist npaj qhov kev siv tshuaj loog kom raug rau koj qhov kev phais. Nws yuav zoo li txawv txawv thaum hnov ​​​​​​ib tug neeg "qib" koj tus mob. Tab sis nws tsuas yog ib qho system khaws cov ntaub ntawv siv los muab kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj thiab kho txhua yam rau koj cov kev xav tau. Nws tsis txiav txim siab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm koj qhov kev phais los ntawm nws tus kheej. Muaj ntau lwm yam uas mus rau hauv qhov ntawd.

Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov dab tsi ntawm qhov no? (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Zoo, yog li, los ntawm qhov peb tau tham txog hauv qhov kev faib tawm ASA no, cov no yog cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau koj:

  • Kev faib tawm ASA yog ib txoj kev uas cov kws kho mob siv tshuaj loog los ntsuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv ua ntej phais. Nws tau qhia los ntawm American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) .
  • Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no yog khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv, qhia txog txoj kev uas txhua tus kws kho mob siv tau, thiab pab soj ntsuam qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phais.
  • Qhov no muaj qib txij li ASA I (noj qab nyob zoo) mus txog ASA VI (tus pub lub hlwb tuag).
  • Tsis txhob ntshai qhov "qib" no. Qhov no tsis yog kev kwv yees qhov tshwm sim ntawm koj qhov kev phais, thiab nws tsis yog daim ntawv lo tias koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo.
  • Cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab qhov kev pheej hmoo los ntawm kev muab qhov kev faib tawm no nrog lwm yam, xws li koj lub hnub nyoog thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev phais.
  • Thaum kawg, txhua yam no yog ua los pab koj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv tshuaj loog thiab ua kom kev phais ua tiav.

Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tau teem sijhawm phais, thiab cov kws kho mob tham txog koj qib ASA, tam sim no koj nkag siab zoo dua txog nws, puas yog? Yog tias koj muaj lus nug ntxiv hauv koj lub siab, tsis txhob ntshai nug koj tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws kho mob anesthesiologist. Lawv yuav piav qhia txhua yam rau koj.


Kev siv tshuaj loog, phais, kev faib tawm ASA, kev ntsuam xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, kev phais, tsev kho mob, kev kho mob

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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.

Ntxiv koj cov lus

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