Koj puas tau ntshav ntswg thiab? (Epistaxis) Tsis txhob ntshai, cia peb nrhiav seb qhov no zoo li cas!

Koj puas tau pib los ntshav ntawm koj lub qhov ntswg tam sim ntawd? Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas yuav ntshai me ntsis rau lub sijhawm zoo li no. Tab sis feem ntau, qhov no tsis yog ib yam dab tsi loj heev. Hnub no, cia peb tham txog qhov ntshav ntawm lub qhov ntswg no, lossis hu ua '(Epistaxis)', kom meej.

Qhov ntswg ntshav (Epistaxis) yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, '(Epistaxis)' yog los ntshav ntawm cov nqaij hauv koj lub qhov ntswg. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ib lub qhov ntswg, qee zaum los ntawm ob qho tib si. Tab sis feem ntau, cov ntshav los ntawm ib lub qhov ntswg.

Koj paub, sab hauv peb lub qhov ntswg, muaj ntau cov hlab ntsha me me. Cov no yog cov uas pab ua kom huab cua peb ua pa sov, ntxiv cov dej noo, thiab xa mus rau peb lub cev. Tab sis cov hlab ntsha no nyob ze heev rau daim tawv nqaij sab hauv lub qhov ntswg. Yog li, thaum cua nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov ntswg, cov hlab ntsha no qhuav thiab yuav raug mob ntau dua. Thaum ntawd los ntshav pib.

Xav txog seb, muaj li rau ntawm kaum tus neeg tau muaj ntshav ntswg tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv lawv lub neej. Feem ntau, cov no yog tej yam me me uas kho tau hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias ntshav ntswg ntau heev , lossis yog tias koj ntuav lossis muaj lwm yam tsos mob, xws li ua pa nyuaj, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus rau tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd .

Cov hom ntshav ntswg tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?

Cov kws kho mob faib qhov no ua ob hom tseem ceeb, nyob ntawm seb qhov ntshav los qhov twg.

Ntshav Qhov Ntswg Ua Ntej

Qhov no yog hom mob uas feem ntau tshwm sim . Qhov ntshav pib ntawm sab xub ntiag ntawm lub qhov ntswg, ntawm qab ntawm phab ntsa uas cais ob lub qhov ntswg (tseem hu ua '(septum)'). Cov hlab ntsha me me hauv thaj chaw no yog cov hlab ntsha mos heev, yog li lawv tuaj yeem tawg thiab los ntshav tau yooj yim. Qhov no feem ntau tsis yog ib qho mob hnyav thiab tuaj yeem kho tau hauv tsev.

Ntshav ntswg tom qab

Qhov kev los ntshav no tshwm sim tob hauv lub qhov ntswg. Cov ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj ze ntawm caj pas. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog kev los ntshav hnyav, thiab cov ntshav kuj tuaj yeem ntws mus rau hauv caj pas. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd .

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau, tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li tsuas yog ntshav ntswg xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj ntshav ntswg tom qab, qee cov ntshav tuaj yeem mus rau hauv koj lub caj pas thiab mus rau hauv koj lub plab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov saj txawv txawv hauv qab koj lub caj pas thiab ua rau koj xeev siab.

Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj muaj lwm yam tsos mob (piv txwv li qaug zog heev, ua tsis taus pa , mob qhov ntswg) nrog rau koj qhov ntswg los ntshav, nws yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm lwm yam mob.

Vim li cas ntshav thiaj tawm ntawm ib lub qhov ntswg xwb? Los yog tawm ntawm ob qho tib si?

Feem ntau, cov ntshav los ntawm ib lub qhov ntswg, tab sis qee zaum nws tuaj yeem los ntawm ob qho tib si. Muaj ntau yam ua rau cov ntshav ntswg tshwm sim. Zoo hmoo, feem ntau ntawm lawv tsis loj heev.

Cov laj thawj feem ntau

• Cua qhuav: Qhov no yog qhov ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no . Tshwj xeeb,
• Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj huab cua sov thiab noo noo.
• Hauv cov cheeb tsam deb tshaj dej hiav txwv.
• Nyob rau hauv cov chaw sov so hauv tsev.

Cua qhuav ua rau daim nyias nyias hauv lub qhov ntswg qhuav, tawv, thiab tawg. Qhov no ua rau los ntshav thaum koj xuas koj lub qhov ntswg lossis ua luam dej.

• Lwm yam ua rau muaj ntau yam:
• Khi lub qhov ntswg (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam yaus).
• Raug mob rau lub qhov ntswg thiab/lossis lub ntsej muag.
• Muaj lub septum deviated hauv lub qhov ntswg.
• Ntsws , hnoos, thiab los ntshav ntswg ntau zaus vim muaj kab mob hauv txoj hlab pa sab saud lossis kab mob hauv qhov ntswg .
• Kab mob ua xua rau lub qhov ntswg los yog kab mob tsis ua xua rau lub qhov ntswg.
• Siv cov tshuaj tsuag ntswg ntau zaus (piv txwv li, tshuaj antihistamines , tshuaj decongestants). Cov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg hauv qhov ntswg qhuav.
• Noj cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias (piv txwv li aspirin , NSAIDs ( tshuaj tua kab mob ), warfarin ).
• Ua pa tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm cov khoom siv ntxuav, cov pa phem hauv chaw ua haujlwm, lossis lwm yam ntxhiab tsw muaj zog.
• Siv cov tshuaj uas nqus tau (piv txwv li cocaine).

Vim li cas thiaj pom tsawg dua me ntsis

• Kev siv cawv.
• Cov teeb meem ntshav (piv txwv li, hemophilia, kab mob von Willebrand).
• Ntshav siab.
• Kev ua kom cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha tuab (Atherosclerosis).
• Kev phais lub ntsej muag thiab lub qhov ntswg.
• Cov qog nqaij hlav hauv qhov ntswg.
• Cov pob qhov ntswg.
• Cov ntshav platelet txo qis vim yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog (Immune thrombocytopenia).
• Kab mob qog ntshav '(Leukemia)'.
• Kab mob hemorrhagic telangiectasia yog ib hom kab mob uas muaj keeb kwm los ntawm noob caj noob ces.
• Cev xeeb tub.

Vim li cas kuv thiaj li tau ntshav ntswg thaum pw tsaug zog?

Cov ua rau ntshav ntswg thaum pw tsaug zog zoo ib yam li cov ua rau thaum nruab hnub. Tej yam xws li cua qhuav, kev ua xua, thiab kev kis kab mob sab saud tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov ntswg puas tsuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev pw tsaug zog nrog koj lub taub hau tig mus rau sab tuaj yeem muab kev nias ncaj qha rau ntawm lub qhov ntswg, ua rau ntshav ntswg thaum hmo ntuj.

Leej twg yuav muaj feem ntau dua rau qhov no? (Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev pheej hmoo)

Txhua tus neeg yeej muaj peev xwm mob qhov ntswg los ntshav. Cov neeg feem coob yeej tau ntsib qhov no tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv lawv lub neej. Tab sis qee tus neeg yuav muaj feem ntau dua.

• Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog ntawm 2 thiab 10 xyoo: Huab cua qhuav, mob khaub thuas, ua xua, thiab muab cov ntiv tes thiab lwm yam khoom tso rau hauv lawv lub qhov ntswg tuaj yeem ua rau cov menyuam yaus los ntshav ntau zaus.
• Cov neeg laus hnub nyoog ntawm 45 thiab 80 xyoo: Thaum koj yuav txog hnub nyoog 50 xyoo, koj lub sijhawm ntshav khov yuav nce ntxiv. Koj kuj tseem yuav muaj ntshav siab, cov hlab ntsha tawv (atherosclerosis), lossis cov teeb meem ntshav khov thaum muaj hnub nyoog no.
• Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub: Thaum cev xeeb tub, cov hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov ntswg nthuav dav, muab kev nyuaj siab ntau dua rau cov hlab ntsha mos mos hauv lub qhov ntswg.
• Cov neeg noj tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias: Qhov no suav nrog cov tshuaj xws li aspirin thiab warfarin.
• Cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem ntshav txhaws: Piv txwv li, hemophilia thiab von Willebrand kab mob.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog qhov ntswg los ntshav?

Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas koj yuav txhawj me ntsis thaum koj pom ntshav tawm ntawm koj lub qhov ntswg, tab sis feem ntau nws tsis yog qhov mob hnyav. Koj tuaj yeem tswj nws hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob yog tias :

• Yog tias koj muaj ntshav ntswg ntau zaus .
• Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntshav tsis txaus (tsis muaj zog, kiv taub hau, qaug zog heev, txias, ua pa nyuaj, tawv nqaij dawb).
• Yog tias koj pib ntshav ntswg tom qab pib noj tshuaj tshiab .
• Yog tias koj muaj ntshav ntswg thiab muaj cov tsos mob txawv txawv thoob plaws koj lub cev - ob qho tib si ua ke - nws yuav yog ib qho cim ntawm ib qho mob hnyav, xws li kab mob ntshav txhaws (hemophilia lossis von Willebrand), mob qog ntshav (leukemia), lossis mob qog hauv qhov ntswg.

Yog koj tus menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos thiab muaj ntshav ntswg, nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo kom nrog kws kho mob menyuam tham. Txawm koj tus menyuam muaj pes tsawg xyoo los xij, nws yog ib qho kev txawj ntse los hais txog qhov ntshav ntswg thaum lawv mus kuaj mob tom ntej.

Cov kws kho mob nrhiav tau qhov no li cas?

Tus kws kho mob yuav nug koj ob peb lo lus nug txog koj qhov ntswg los ntshav:

• Los ntshav ntev npaum li cas (hauv feeb)?
• Kwv yees li ntawm pes tsawg cov ntshav poob?
• Koj ntshav ntswg ntau npaum li cas?
• Cov ntshav puas los ntawm ib lub qhov ntswg los yog ob qho tib si?

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no kuj tau hnov:

• Cov tshuaj uas koj noj (xws li cov tshuaj ua kom cov ntshav nyias xws li aspirin, tshuaj mob khaub thuas/ua xua, thiab lwm yam)
• Puas muaj leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj cov kab mob ntsig txog ntshav?
• Siv cawv thiab/lossis tshuaj nqus pa.

Tom qab ntawd, tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj koj lub qhov ntswg seb qhov ntshav los qhov twg thiab yog dab tsi ua rau nws los. Lawv yuav siv ib lub cuab yeej me me hu ua "speculum" los qhib lub qhov ntswg thiab saib sab hauv lub qhov ntswg siv ntau lub teeb sib txawv lossis "endoscope" (ib lub raj nyias nyias nrog lub koob yees duab).

Tus kws kho mob yuav txhaj tshuaj rau hauv lub qhov ntswg kom ua rau sab hauv ntawm lub qhov ntswg tsis hnov ​​​​​​mob thiab ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim. Nws kuj tseem yuav tshem tawm cov ntshav txhaws thiab cov tawv nqaij sab hauv lub qhov ntswg. Qhov no yuav ua rau tsis xis nyob me ntsis, tab sis nws tsis mob.

Tsis tshua muaj, yuav muaj kev txiav txim kom thaij duab X-ray, thaij duab CT, lossis kuaj ntshav kom paub seb puas muaj teeb meem ntshav txhaws, cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo, lossis cov qog hauv lub qhov ntswg.

Yuav kho qhov no li cas?

Kev kho mob rau qhov ntswg los ntshav nyob ntawm seb ua li cas thiaj los ntshav. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia txog yam uas xav tau rau koj tus mob. Kev kho mob rau '(Epistaxis)' yuav suav nrog:

• Kev ntim qhov ntswg: Tus kws kho mob muab daim ntaub qhwv qhov ntswg, daim phuam qhov ntswg tshwj xeeb lossis ua npuas ncauj, lossis lub npas roj hmab uas muaj cua nkag tau rau hauv qhov ntswg kom tsim kom muaj kev nyem qhov twg cov ntshav los. Tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau tshem qhov no li ntawm 24-48 teev.
• Kev Siv Tshuaj Tua Kab Mob: Cov txheej txheem no siv cov tshuaj (silver nitrate) lossis cua sov (electrocautery) los kaw cov hlab ntsha. Ua ntej qhov no, tus kws kho mob tsuag tshuaj loog rau hauv lub qhov ntswg.
• Hloov/rov sau tshuaj dua: Txo cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav nyias uas koj noj - lossis tsum tsis txhob noj - tej zaum yuav pab tau. Tej zaum koj kuj yuav xav tau tshuaj los tswj koj cov ntshav siab. Koj tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav sau tshuaj, xws li tranexamic acid (Lysteda®), uas pab koj cov ntshav txhaws.
• Tshem tawm ib yam khoom txawv teb chaws: Yog tias qhov ntswg los ntshav yog los ntawm ib yam dab tsi uas nyob hauv lub qhov ntswg, tus kws kho mob yuav tshem nws tawm.
• Kev Phais Mob: Kev phais mob tuaj yeem ua tau los kho qhov ntswg tawg lossis kho qhov septum uas nkhaus (septoplasty).
• Kev khi: Hauv txoj kev kho mob no, tus kws kho mob khi cov hlab ntsha uas ua rau los ntshav tsis txhob los.

Yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj ntshav ntswg hauv tsev?

Ua raws li cov kauj ruam no kom tsis txhob muaj ntshav ntswg:

• Nyob twj ywm, ua pa los ntawm koj lub qhov ncauj.
• Zaum ncaj, tsa koj lub taub hau me ntsis rau pem hauv ntej (tsis txhob tsa koj lub taub hau rov qab, vim qhov no yuav ua rau ntshav ntws los ntawm koj lub caj pas).
• Siv koj tus ntiv tes xoo thiab tus ntiv tes xoo los zawm qhov mos mos ntawm koj lub qhov ntswg (nyob saum lub qhov ntswg).
• Tos kom txog thaum cov ntshav tsis ntws lawm. Siv daim ntaub so ntswg los yog daim ntaub ntub dej los so cov ntshav ntawd.

Feem ntau, kev kho mob hauv tsev txaus lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov ntshav ntswg yuav tsum tau kho mob hauv tsev kho mob. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, mus rau chav kho mob ceev ze tshaj plaws nrog ib tus neeg tam sim ntawd, lossis hu rau 1990:

• Yog tias koj tuav koj lub qhov ntswg tau 15-20 feeb lawm ces koj tseem tsis tau los ntshav.
• Yog tias muaj ntshav ntau (ntau tshaj 1 khob).
• Yog koj noj tshuaj ua kom cov ntshav nyias (xws li aspirin lossis warfarin), lossis yog koj muaj teeb meem ntshav txhaws, thiab qhov ntshav tsis nres.
• Yog koj ua pa nyuaj.
• Yog koj nqos ntshav thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsum ntuav.
• Yog tias koj lub qhov ntswg pib los ntshav tom qab raug ntaus rau lub taub hau lossis raug mob hnyav (poob, sib tsoo tsheb, raug ntaus hnyav rau lub ntsej muag/qhov ntswg).

Puas zoo rau haus dej tom qab los ntshav ntswg?

Yog, koj yuav tsum haus dej ntau tom qab ntshav ntswg. Dej thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas tsis muaj caffeine, zoo. Tom qab ntshav ntswg, qee cov ntshav tuaj yeem mus rau hauv koj lub caj pas thiab mus rau hauv koj lub plab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau koj xeev siab. Tab sis haus dej yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau qhov ntshav ntswg.

Koj puas tuag tau los ntawm ntshav ntswg?

Kev los ntshav ntawm sab saud ntawm lub qhov ntswg septum lossis tob hauv lub qhov ntswg tuaj yeem nyuaj rau tswj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tuag los ntawm kev los ntshav ntawm qhov ntswg yog qhov tsawg heev.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau qhov ntswg los ntshav?

Nov yog qee yam uas yuav pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob los ntshav ntswg:

• Yuav kom koj cov qhov ntswg ntub, siv cov tshuaj tsuag ntswg saline los yog cov tshuaj ntsev ntswg rau hauv txhua lub qhov ntswg ob lossis peb zaug hauv ib hnub. Cov no tuaj yeem yuav tau ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj lossis ua tau hauv tsev.
• Ntxiv cov dej noo rau hauv huab cua los ntawm kev ntxiv lub tshuab ua kom noo noo rau hauv koj lub cub tawg, lossis los ntawm kev muab lub tshuab ua kom noo noo rau hauv koj chav pw thaum hmo ntuj.
• Siv daim paj rwb los yog tshuaj pleev rau hauv qhov ntswg (xws li `Bacitracin®`, `Vaseline®` lossis `Ayr Gel®`) rau sab hauv koj lub qhov ntswg. Tsis txhob muab daim paj rwb ntxig rau hauv koj lub qhov ntswg ntau tshaj 1/4 nti. Cov tshuaj gel thiab tshuaj pleev no muaj nyob rau ntawm feem ntau cov khw muag tshuaj.
• Tsis txhob tshuab koj lub qhov ntswg nrov nrov.
• Qhib koj lub qhov ncauj thaum koj txham. Txhua zaus txham rau hauv daim ntaub so ntswg lossis koj lub luj tshib.
• Tsis txhob muab ib yam dab tsi khov kho, suav nrog koj cov ntiv tes, rau hauv koj lub qhov ntswg.
• Txwv kev siv cov tshuaj uas ua rau los ntshav ntau ntxiv (xws li aspirin thiab ibuprofen). Ib txwm nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej hloov koj cov tshuaj. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev rau cov tshuaj uas kws kho mob sau ntawv kom noj xws li warfarin (Coumadin®) thiab cov tshuaj uas tsis yog steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
• Yog tias koj cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua xua rau qhov ntswg tsis yooj yim tswj nrog cov tshuaj uas yuav tsis tas yuav muaj ntawv yuav tshuaj lossis cov tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau muaj ntawv yuav tshuaj, mus ntsib kws kho mob. Thaum siv cov tshuaj uas yuav tsis tas yuav muaj ntawv yuav tshuaj, ua raws li cov lus qhia raws nraim li tau sau tseg. Kev siv ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau ntshav ntswg los.
• Tsum haus luam yeeb. Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau koj lub qhov ntswg qhuav thiab ua rau muaj kev ua xua.
• Hnav cov khoom siv tiv thaiv lub taub hau yog tias koj ua tej yam uas yuav ua rau koj lub ntsej muag thiab lub qhov ntswg raug mob.

Qhia koj tus menyuam kom tsis txhob los ntshav ntawm qhov ntswg thiab tsis txhob muab dab tsi rau hauv lawv lub qhov ntswg. Nws kuj yog ib lub tswv yim zoo kom lawv cov rau tes luv. Koj tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus tuaj yeem muab lus qhia ntxiv rau koj.

Puas yog nws ib txwm muaj ntshav txhaws thaum koj los ntshav ntswg?

Yog. Cov ntshav txhaws yog cov ntshav txhaws uas tsim los teb rau cov hlab ntsha raug mob. Thaum cov hlab ntsha raug puas tsuaj, cov ntshav txhaws tsim los tiv thaiv kev los ntshav ntau dhau. Thaum koj nias koj lub qhov ntswg kom tiv thaiv kev los ntshav ntswg, cov ntshav txhaws pib tsim. Feem ntau nws nyob ntawd kom txog thaum koj tshem nws tawm lossis tshuab koj lub qhov ntswg.

Vim li cas kuv thiaj li ntshav ntswg tas li?

Muaj ntau yam ua rau koj lub qhov ntswg los ntshav ntau zaus. Qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ib lub qhov ntswg lossis ob qho tib si. Cov laj thawj feem ntau yog:

• Siv cov tshuaj tsuag ntswg ntau zaus rau cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua xua lossis mob khaub thuas/qhov ntswg txhaws.
• Cov huab cua uas koj nyob qhuav.
• Hno tshuaj los ntawm lub qhov ntswg.

Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj tsuag ib pliag lossis tag nrho. Yog tias koj siv cov khoom no, nrog kws kho mob tham.

Tsis tshua muaj, qhov ntswg los ntshav ntau zaus (epistaxis) tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev mob ntshav txhaws lossis lwm yam mob hnyav. Yog tias koj muaj qhov ntswg los ntshav ntau zaus, mus ntsib kws kho mob.

Thaum kawg, tej yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Epistaxis, lossis qhov ntswg ntshav, yog ib qho mob uas tshwm sim ntau tab sis ua rau koj ntxhov siab me ntsis. Thaum koj kawm paub yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj qhov ntswg ntshav sai sai, koj tuaj yeem rov qab ua qhov koj tau ua ua ntej nws pib. Feem ntau cov mob epistaxis tsis loj heev. Tab sis yog tias koj muaj qhov ntswg ntshav ntau zaus lossis yog tias koj muaj teeb meem ntshav txhaws, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob. Kev saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.