Koj puas tau pom tias koj niam, koj txiv, lossis ib tug neeg koj hlub uas laus lawm tsis nco qab tej yam? Qee zaum tsis nco qab lub npe, chaw nyob, lossis txawm tias nco qab qhov twg koj lub tsom iav yog qhov ib txwm muaj thaum koj laus zuj zus. Tab sis yog tias qhov kev tsis nco qab no maj mam nce ntxiv thiab koj tsis tuaj yeem ua tej haujlwm txhua hnub ntawm koj tus kheej, nws yuav yog ib qho tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob Alzheimer's. Ces lo lus nug loj tshaj plaws uas los rau hauv peb lub siab yog, 'Vim li cas lub ntiaj teb uas muaj kev vam meej zoo li no tseem tsis tau pom kev kho rau tus kab mob no?' Cia peb tham txog nws kom meej hnub no.
Kab mob no pib tshawb pom li cas?
Zaj dab neeg no pib ntau tshaj 100 xyoo dhau los, xyoo 1901. Ib tug kws kho mob German hu ua Alois Alzheimer tau kuaj lub hlwb ntawm ib tug poj niam uas tau tuag vim yog kev puas hlwb. Nws pom ib yam dab tsi txawv heev. Nruab nrab ntawm cov neurons hauv lub hlwb, ib hom protein tau dhau los ua nplaum thiab sib xyaw, zoo li plaques. Cov no tom qab ntawd hu ua "plaques." Nws kuj pom tias lwm hom protein tau dhau los ua sib xyaw thiab sib xyaw zoo li xov hauv cov neurons. Cov no hu ua "tangles."
Raws li lub sijhawm dhau los, cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov plaques zoo li qhov caws pliav yog ua los ntawm cov protein hu ua beta-amyloid . Lawv kuj tau pom tias cov xov zoo li cov xov yog ua los ntawm lwm cov protein hu ua tau . Thaum kawg, tus kab mob no tau raug hu ua "Alzheimer's disease" los ua kev hwm rau tus kws kho mob uas tau tshawb pom nws.
Zaj dab neeg loj ntawm "Amyloid Hypothesis"
Yog li ntawd, los ntawm xyoo 1990, ib lub tswv yim loj tau tsim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Qhov ntawd yog, qhov ua rau muaj tus kab mob no yog beta-amyloid plaques uas tau sib sau ua ke hauv lub hlwb. Lub tswv yim no hu ua "Amyloid Hypothesis." Hais yooj yim, lawv xav tias cov amyloid plaques no yog qhov ua rau cov hlwb hlwb tuag thiab kev nco tsis ua haujlwm.
Yog li, rau 30 xyoo dhau los , feem ntau ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog tus kab mob Alzheimer thiab feem ntau ntawm kev siv zog los nrhiav kev kho tau raws li qhov kev xav amyloid no.
Tiam sis qhov no puas tau ua tiav? Tsis yog tiag tiag. Muaj ntau pua tshuaj tau sim tshem tawm cov amyloid plaques no, tab sis tsis muaj ib qho twg tau ua qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv lub neej ntawm cov neeg mob. Cov tshuaj uas txo cov amyloid hauv lub hlwb tsis tau tiv thaiv tus neeg mob txoj kev nco lossis txhim kho lawv lub neej txhua hnub. Txawm tias cov tshuaj 'lecanemab' uas nyuam qhuav pom zoo tsuas yog tswj tau qhov mob hnyav dua me ntsis, tab sis nws tsis yog kev kho.
Peb puas daig rau tib txoj kev?
Vim yog cov txiaj ntsig tsis ua tiav no, ntau tus kws tshawb fawb tam sim no nug tias, "Peb puas mus rau qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm?" Qhov tseeb, kev tshawb fawb tsis yog ib yam dab tsi uas tuaj yeem ua qhov sib txawv loj ib zaug. Nws zoo li lub nkoj loj, nws tsis tuaj yeem tig ib zaug. Cov kws tshawb fawb kawm tib lub ntsiab lus tau ntau xyoo, thiab tom qab ntawd ua ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv rau tib lub ntsiab lus. Tom qab ntawd, ib pawg neeg loj thiab kev paub tau tsim nyob ib puag ncig tib lub tswv yim. Thaum koj mus ua haujlwm nrog lub tswv yim tshiab, cov txheej txheem thiab kev paub tseem ceeb tsis txaus. Yog li, hauv rooj plaub ntawm Alzheimer's, lub nkoj loj no tau caij nkoj mus rau hauv kev coj ntawm "amyloid." Yog li ntawd, me ntsis kev saib xyuas tau them rau lwm yam ua rau, xws li o, ntau yam kab mob, lossis kab mob autoimmune.
Tiam sis, zaj dab neeg txog amyloid no tsis yog qhov yuam kev kiag li. Tej zaum qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Los yog, lub sijhawm ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsis raug. Tej zaum cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau pib ntau xyoo ua ntej cov tsos mob tshwm sim.
Muaj lwm qhov teeb meem. Txog li kaum xyoo dhau los, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los paub tseeb 100% tias muaj tus kab mob Alzheimer thaum ib tug neeg tseem muaj sia nyob, tsuas yog los ntawm kev kuaj xyuas lawv lub hlwb tom qab lawv tuag. Yog li, qee tus neeg uas koom nrog hauv kev tshawb fawb qub tsis muaj tus kab mob Alzheimer. Yog li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb ntawd tsis yog lawm, puas yog?
Tiamsis tam sim no qhov xwm txheej txawv lawm. Nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog PET scans thiab cerebrospinal fluid tests, nws muaj peev xwm ntes tau qhov muaj amyloid thiab tau proteins hauv lub hlwb ntawm ib tus neeg uas muaj sia nyob.
Qhov 'Kev Sib Tsoo Tsheb' Hauv Lub Hlwb thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshiab
Tam sim no, es tsis txhob xav txog kev tshem tawm cov plaques ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom pib saib qhov ua rau muaj teeb meem, nug tias, "Vim li cas cov plaques no thiaj tsim?" Zoo li koj tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem yam tsis paub meej tias nws nyob qhov twg. Tam sim no, muaj ntau lub tswv yim tshiab txog qhov no. Cia peb saib lawv yog dab tsi.
| Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshiab | Hauv cov lus yooj yim ... |
|---|---|
| Teeb Meem Qib Cellular | Muaj ib qho 'kev sib tsoo' tshwm sim hauv lub cev uas txav cov protein mus los hauv cov hlwb hlwb. Qhov no ua rau cov protein amyloid thiab tau sib sau ua ke. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tab tom nrhiav txoj hauv kev los daws qhov 'kev sib tsoo' no. |
| Kab mob autoimmune | Raws li txoj kev xav no, amyloid yog ib feem ntawm lub hlwb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj qee qhov yuam kev, lub cev no mus tsis zoo thiab tawm tsam cov hlwb noj qab haus huv es tsis tawm tsam cov kab mob. |
| Kev kis kab mob thiab kev o | Muaj pov thawj qhia tias kev o ntawm lub hlwb los ntawm qee yam kab mob viral, xws li herpes, tej zaum yuav yog ib qho ua rau muaj tus kab mob Alzheimer's. |
| Kab Mob Metabolic | Muaj ib txhia neeg hu qhov no ua "mob ntshav qab zib hauv lub hlwb" lossis "Type 3 Diabetes." Hauv qhov no, cov hlwb hlwb tsis teb rau insulin zoo (kev tiv thaiv insulin), ua rau o thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj. |
Yog li ntawd, puas tsis muaj dab tsi uas peb ua tau? Cia peb tham txog kev tiv thaiv.
Thaum koj hnov txog qhov no, tej zaum koj yuav xav tias, 'Auj, tsis muaj dab tsi koj ua tau txog nws.' Tab sis tsis txhob xav li ntawd. Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias tus kab mob Alzheimer siv sijhawm ntev los tsim, li 20 txog 30 xyoo. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias peb muaj sijhawm ntau los nres lossis qeeb qeeb qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob.
Txawm hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm noob caj noob ces, muaj ntau yam kev pheej hmoo uas hloov pauv tau uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob Alzheimer. Cov no yog:
- Kev rog dhau
- Kab mob ntshav qab zib
- Kab mob plawv
- Cov roj cholesterol ntau
- Ntshav siab
- Kev hnov lus tsis zoo
- Kev nyuaj siab thiab kev kho siab
Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tswj koj cov ntshav siab, roj cholesterol, thiab cov piam thaj , tswj koj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo, tawm dag zog, thiab noj zaub mov kom zoo yog cov yam zoo tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau los txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm Alzheimer's. Qee zaum, txawm tias qee yam yooj yim xws li siv lub tshuab pab hnov lus rau qhov teeb meem hnov lus tuaj yeem ua qhov sib txawv loj.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov no yog tias lawv tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo, pheej yig dua, thiab zoo dua rau peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Nws muaj nqis npaum li cas los hloov peb txoj kev ua neej dua li siv nyiaj ntau pua txhiab daus las hauv ib xyoos rau cov tshuaj tshiab?
Yav tom ntej, kev kho mob Alzheimer's, zoo li kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, tej zaum yuav muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau txoj kev sib txawv thiab tshuaj, ib yam li "cocktail," es tsis yog ib yam tshuaj xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev cia siab loj tshaj plaws hauv kev sib ntaus tawm tsam tus kab mob no yog rau cov kws tshawb fawb los nug lawv cov kev ntseeg qub thiab nrhiav txoj hauv kev tshiab.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kab mob Alzheimer's yog ib yam kab mob nyuaj heev. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog muaj cov amyloid plaques sib sau ua ke hauv lub hlwb xwb.
- Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm kho tus kab mob no nrog ib "tshuaj khawv koob" hauv lub sijhawm ze no.
- Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tam sim no tsom mus rau ntau yam xws li teeb meem autoimmune, kev kis kab mob, thiab cov kab mob metabolic.
- Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: Koj tuaj yeem txo koj qhov kev pheej hmoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tswj koj cov ntshav siab, ntshav qab zib, roj cholesterol, tawm dag zog, thiab noj zaub mov zoo.
- Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb lossis kev ntshai txog koj lub cim xeeb lossis lub cim xeeb ntawm ib tus neeg koj hlub, tsis txhob ncua sijhawm tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov ntawd. Thaum koj tham txog nws sai npaum li cas, qhov zoo dua.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus