Koj tus me nyuam puas tsis saib lwm tus neeg lub qhov muag? Los yog nws siv sijhawm ntau teev nrog tib yam khoom ua si lossis ua tib yam? Niaj hnub no, thaum ntau tus niam txiv pom ib yam dab tsi zoo li no, qhov kev ntshai uas los rau hauv siab tam sim ntawd yog, "Auj, kuv tus menyuam puas muaj autism ?" Vim tias, autism, uas yuav luag tsis tau hnov dua nees nkaum lossis peb caug xyoo dhau los, tau tham txog txhua qhov chaw niaj hnub no. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tsim nyog ntshai txawm tias koj pom qhov sib txawv me me hauv ib tug menyuam. Tab sis, txhua yam uas zoo li autism puas yog autism tiag? Cia peb tham txog nws hnub no.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, autism yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, autism tsis yog ib yam kab mob, nws yog ib yam mob. Hauv kev kho mob, peb hu nws ua autism spectrum disorder, lossis 'Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).' Nws yog ib yam mob ntsig txog kev loj hlob ntawm peb lub hlwb, lossis 'neurodevelopment'. Qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam txoj kev sib txuas lus (txoj kev uas lawv tham, txoj kev uas lawv sib txuas lus) thiab kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog (txoj kev uas lawv ua haujlwm thiab ua si nrog lwm tus).
Lo lus "spectrum" yog siv vim tias tus mob txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg. Xav txog nws zoo li zaj sawv. Ib yam li txhua xim muaj nws tus kheej xim, qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj autism sib txawv heev. Rau qee tus menyuam, cov tsos mob tsis pom tseeb uas lawv tsis yooj yim pom rau cov neeg sab nraud. Rau lwm tus, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem ua rau nws nyuaj rau lawv ua haujlwm hauv lawv lub neej txhua hnub.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tsis txhob xav tias ib tug me nyuam muaj autism tsuas yog vim lawv muaj cov tsos mob xwb , vim tias tej zaum yuav muaj lwm yam mob uas ua rau muaj cov tsos mob zoo ib yam.
Cov mob twg thiaj yuam kev ua rau muaj autism?
Lwm qhov teeb meem nrog kev kuaj mob tsis raug ntawm ib tug menyuam uas muaj autism yog tias lawv yuav tsis tau txais kev kho mob uas lawv xav tau rau lawv tus mob. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug menyuam yaus tsis muaj zog vim muaj mob xws li lom los ntawm cov hlau lead, tib txoj kev kho mob rau autism yuav tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub txog qhov sib txawv no.
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov mob no zoo ib yam li cov mob autism.
| Qhov xwm txheej tsis nkag siab | Cov tsos mob zoo li Autism | Yuav tsum paub dab tsi |
|---|---|---|
| Kev hais lus, kev hnov lus, lossis lwm yam kev loj hlob qeeb | Tsis hais lus kom haum rau lawv lub hnub nyoog, tsis muaj kev txawj sib raug zoo, nyuaj rau nkag siab txog yam uas lwm tus hais. | Muaj ntau yam ua rau ib tug me nyuam loj hlob qeeb. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog vim muaj tej yam mob xws li hnov tsis tau lus, lom los ntawm cov hlau txhuas, thiab mob Down syndrome. |
| Qhia txog kev txaus siab tsawg lossis muaj kev txaus siab heev | Muaj kev xav ntau dhau rau ib yam (piv txwv li, daim ntawv qhia, saib cov kiv cua tig). | Txawm hais tias qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj autism, tus cwj pwm no ib leeg tsis ua rau nws yog autism. Yuav kom ua tau autism, yuav tsum muaj lwm yam cwj pwm, xws li teeb meem nrog kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog, ntxiv rau. |
| Nyeem ntawv sai lossis ntse heev (Hyperlexia) | Muaj peev xwm nyeem ntawv thaum tseem hluas heev, tab sis nyuaj rau sib txuas lus cov tswv yim. | Tsis yog txhua tus menyuam uas muaj 'Hyperlexia' muaj autism. Ob yam mob no tuaj yeem sib koom ua ke lossis tsis sib koom ua ke. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab raws li cov tsos mob no ib leeg. |
| Cov Teeb Meem Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Kev Xav | Tsis nyiam teeb ci ntsa iab, suab nrov nrov, lossis raug kov. Nyuaj siab lossis tsis hais lus lub sijhawm no. | Qhov no kuj yog ib qho tshwm sim ntau ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj autism. Txawm li cas los xij, cov teeb meem kev xav kuj tuaj yeem yog ib qho mob sib cais. Hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj autism, lwm yam ntxwv (piv txwv li, kev hais lus qeeb) kuj tseem yuav muaj. |
| Ntau yam kev puas siab puas ntsws | Rov ua tib yam tas li, tsis koom nrog lwm tus, muaj teeb meem sib txuas lus. | Txawm hais tias cov no yuav zoo li autism, lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm lwm yam mob hlwb. Piv txwv li suav nrog: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Avoidant Personality Disorder, Social (pragmatic) Communication Disorder, Reactive Attachment Disorder, thiab, tsis tshua muaj, Schizophrenia rau cov menyuam yaus. |
| Kev Mob caj ces | Kev loj hlob qeeb ntawm kev hais lus, kev kawm tsis tau zoo. | Qee cov kab mob caj ces (piv txwv li Tuberous Sclerosis) tshwm sim ua ke nrog autism. Txawm li cas los xij, cov mob xws li 22q11.2 deletion syndrome feem ntau yuav raug kuaj mob tsis raug raws li autism vim tias cov tsos mob zoo sib xws heev. |
Tsis txhob hnov qab nug koj tus kws kho mob txog tej yam no.
Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog koj tus menyuam, qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum ua yog mus ntsib kws kho mob menyuam yaus . Tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xyuas tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob, tus cwj pwm, thiab keeb kwm kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
Tom qab ntawd, yog tias koj xav tias koj muaj tus mob autism, tus kws kho mob yuav xa koj mus rau ib pab neeg kws tshwj xeeb. Pab neeg no yuav suav nrog cov kws kho mob hlwb, cov kws kho mob puas siab puas ntsws, cov kws kho kev puas siab puas ntsws, thiab cov kws kho kev hais lus. Lawv yuav siv ntau yam kev kuaj thiab kev soj ntsuam los txiav txim siab seb tus menyuam puas muaj autism lossis lwm yam mob.
Thaum koj mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob, tsis txhob yig nug cov lus nug no:
- "Kws kho mob, koj puas tau kuaj kuv tus menyuam lub pob ntseg?" Qee zaum teeb meem hnov lus tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb kev hais lus . Nws tuaj yeem yooj yim yuam kev rau autism.
- "Puas muaj lwm yam kev kuaj uas peb yuav tsum ua?" Piv txwv li, yog tias koj nyob hauv ib lub tsev qub thiab cov xim pleev xim tab tom tev tawm, tej zaum koj yuav xav thov kom koj tus menyuam kuaj cov hlau lead hauv cov ntshav.
- "Kuv puas mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb txog qhov no tau?" Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob hais tias koj tus menyuam muaj autism, tab sis koj tseem tsis tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, xws li kws kho mob hlwb lossis kws kho mob hlwb, thov kom lawv xa koj mus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv.
- "Txawm hais tias peb tsis paub meej tias tus mob yog dab tsi los xij, peb puas pib kho tau?" Feem ntau cov lus teb yog "tau." Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj kev loj hlob qeeb, koj tuaj yeem pib kho nrog kev kho kev hais lus, kev kho kev ua haujlwm, lossis lwm yam kev kho mob yam tsis tas tos kom paub tseeb tias qhov ua rau yog autism.`) lossis kev cob qhia txog kev sib raug zoo. Cov no yeej yuav pab tau tus menyuam.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Autism tsis yog ib yam mob uas muaj ib pawg tsos mob xwb. Nws yog ib qho spectrum uas tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg.
- Muaj ntau lwm yam mob thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws uas qhia cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li autism.
- Tsis txhob txiav txim siab rau koj tus kheej tias koj tus menyuam muaj autism raws li koj nyeem hauv internet lossis hnov los ntawm lwm tus. Kev kuaj mob kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb.
- Yog koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog koj tus menyuam tus cwj pwm, nrhiav kev pab los ntawm ib tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog sai sai. Yog tias tsim nyog, tsis txhob yig los nrhiav kev pab los ntawm ib pab neeg tshwj xeeb.
- Kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab kev kho mob sai sai yuav muab kev txhawb nqa rau koj tus menyuam uas lawv xav tau los ua lub neej vam meej.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus