Koj puas tau xav txog seb nws zoo li cas thaum koj muab koj cov ntiv tes tso rau ntawm ob sab ntawm koj lub caj dab? Cov ntawd yog ob lub hlab ntsha tseem ceeb heev uas dhia tib lub sijhawm li peb lub plawv, thiab nqa txoj sia mus rau peb lub hlwb, lub ntsej muag, thiab caj dab. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ob lub cev ua haujlwm ntsiag to hauv peb lub cev, Carotid Arteries. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv tseem ceeb npaum li cas rau peb lub neej.
Hauv lwm lo lus, cov hlab ntsha carotid yog dab tsi?
Xav txog tias peb lub cev yog ib lub nroog loj. Ces cov hlab ntsha zoo li cov kev hauv lub nroog ntawd. Cov kev no nqa cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham tsim nyog mus rau txhua qhov ntawm lub cev. Ua li ntawd, cov hlab ntsha carotid no zoo li ob txoj kev loj uas mus rau lub hlwb, uas yog qhov chaw tswj hwm ntawm peb lub cev.
Ob lub hlab ntsha loj no nyob rau ob sab ntawm peb lub caj dab, ib qho rau txhua sab:
- Sab laug ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid
- Txoj Cai Carotid Artery
Ob lub hlab ntsha no pib ntawm sab saum toj ntawm peb lub hauv siab, mus txog peb lub caj dab, thiab tom qab ntawd faib ua ob ceg loj ntxiv, kwv yees li hauv qab peb lub puab tsaig. Nws zoo li tsab ntawv Y. Peb hu qhov kev faib no ua "Carotid Bifurcation".
Ob ceg ntawd yog:
1. Cov hlab ntsha Carotid sab hauv: Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev loj. Nws mus ncaj qha rau hauv lub taub hau, muab ntshav rau peb lub hlwb .
2. Cov hlab ntsha Carotid sab nraud: Cov ceg no muab ntshav rau cov qhov chaw sab nraum peb lub taub hau, xws li peb lub ntsej muag, caj dab, thiab taub hau .
Cov hlab ntsha uas faib ua li no faib ua ntau ceg me me, muab cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau rau txhua cov nqaij thiab cov kabmob hauv peb lub taub hau thiab caj dab.
Cov hlab ntsha no ua haujlwm li cas tiag?
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab tsuas yog ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid yog nqa cov ntshav uas muaj oxygen ntau, huv si uas lub plawv nqus mus rau lub hlwb thiab lwm qhov ntawm lub taub hau yam tsis muaj kev thaiv. Txoj kev no yuav tsum du thiab ceev heev.
Tiam sis xav txog seb, yuav ua li cas yog tias cov khib nyiab thiab cov khib nyiab sib sau ua ke ntawm txoj kev loj no thiab thaiv txoj kev? Yuav muaj kev sib tsoo tsheb, puas yog? Yog li ntawd cov khoom zoo li cov roj cholesterol tau tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha no (peb hu qhov no ua '(Plaque)') thiab yog tias cov hlab ntsha nqaim, cov ntshav ntws yuav raug thaiv. Yog tias qhov ntawd tshwm sim, cov mob hnyav xws li mob stroke tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Cia peb saib cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid kom meej me ntsis ntxiv.
Qhov no yog ib feem kho mob me ntsis, tab sis cia peb sim ua kom yooj yim. Koj tsis tas yuav nco ntsoov tag nrho cov npe no, tab sis nws tsim nyog muaj lub tswv yim zoo txog lawv ua haujlwm li cas.
Cov hlab ntsha Carotid sab nraud
Nws pib ntawm qhov chaw uas nws faib zoo li tsab ntawv Y thiab mus rau ntawm pob ntseg. Nws faib ua li 8 ceg tseem ceeb. Cov ceg no muab ntshav rau cov leeg ntawm peb lub ntsej muag, tus nplaig, cov qog thyroid, pob ntseg, thiab taub hau. Thaum koj kov koj lub puab tsaig, nws hloov liab, thiab thaum koj txiav plaub hau, nws los ntshav. Tag nrho cov no txuas nrog cov ceg uas ceg tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid sab nraud no.
Cov hlab ntsha Carotid sab hauv
Qhov no yog ceg tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Nws mus txog ntawm lub caj dab thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub taub hau los ntawm lub qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub taub hau hu ua "Carotid Canal". Thaum nkag mus rau hauv lub taub hau, cov hlab ntsha no ua raws li txoj kev nkhaus thiab nyuaj.
Cov kws kho mob faib cov hlab ntsha no ua ntau ntu (C1 txog C7) thaum nws mus ncig los ntawm lub taub hau, thiab lawv hu lawv li ntawd. Koj tsis tas yuav nco ntsoov cov npe no. Tab sis yog tias koj muaj ib yam dab tsi zoo li aneurysm hauv cov hlab ntsha no, cov kws kho mob yuav siv cov npe no los qhia koj qhov chaw tseeb.
Sab hauv lub taub hau, cov hlab ntsha no faib ua ntau ceg loj. Cov no muab ntshav rau ib feem loj ntawm peb lub hlwb thiab peb lub qhov muag .
| Hom hlab ntsha | Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb | Cov chaw tseem ceeb rau kev muab ntshav |
|---|---|---|
| Cov hlab ntsha Carotid sab nraud | Cov ntshav ntws mus rau cov qhov chaw sab nraum lub taub hau | Lub ntsej muag, caj dab, tawv taub hau, tus nplaig, lub qog thyroid |
| Cov hlab ntsha Carotid sab hauv | Kev muab ntshav rau cov qhov hauv lub taub hau | Lub hlwb (feem ntau), qhov muag |
Cov kab mob dab tsi uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlab ntsha no?
Tej teeb meem yuav tshwm sim rau ntawm cov kev loj no. Yog tias lawv ua li ntawd, cov txiaj ntsig yuav txaus ntshai heev. Nov yog qee qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas pom.
- Kab Mob Carotid Artery: Qhov no kuj hu ua '(Carotid Artery Stenosis)'. '(Stenosis)' txhais tau tias 'qias.' Qhov no tshwm sim vim tias cov roj cholesterol, rog, thiab lwm yam khoom sib sau ua ke hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, tsim ib txheej tuab ntawm '(Plaque).' Nws zoo li xeb thiab av sib sau ua ke hauv cov kav dej, thaiv txoj kev rau dej ntws. Peb hu qhov mob no tias '(Atherosclerosis).' Qhov '(Plaque)' no ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim, thiab qee zaum ib daim ntawm nws tuaj yeem tawg thiab thaiv cov hlab ntsha me me hauv lub hlwb. Lossis, cov ntshav txhaws tuaj yeem tsim rau saum '(Plaque)' no, uas tuaj yeem tawg thiab thaiv cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb. Qhov no yog qhov ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam ischemic transient (TIA) lossis mob stroke tag nrho .
- Kab Mob Carotid Artery Aneurysm: Qhov no yog qhov chaw tsis muaj zog hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha, ua rau nws tawm zoo li lub npas. Cov ntshav txhaws tuaj yeem tsim ntawm qhov no. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem loj hlob thiab tawg tam sim ntawd (rupture).
- Kev Phais Cov Ntshav Hauv Carotid: Qhov no yog kev rhuav lossis tawg hauv txheej sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa cov ntshav. Qhov no tuaj yeem thaiv lossis thaiv tag nrho cov ntshav ntws. Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau mob stroke.
- Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD): Qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj uas qhov kev loj hlob tsis zoo ntawm cov hlwb hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim, aneurysms, lossis dissections.
Ceev faj heev txog cov tsos mob no!
Muaj coob tus neeg uas muaj kab mob carotid artery tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li. Feem ntau cov tsos mob tshwm sim tom qab muaj xwm txheej ceev, xws li transient ischemic attack (TIA) lossis stroke. Yog li ntawd, kev paub txog cov tsos mob hauv qab no rau koj thiab koj tsev neeg tuaj yeem pab cawm tau ib tug neeg txoj sia.
Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob no tshwm sim, tsis txhob ncua ib pliag thiab hu rau 1990 (Suvaseriya) lub tsheb thauj neeg mob lossis mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ze tshaj plaws hauv tsev kho mob.
- Ib sab ntawm lub ntsej muag poob qis los yog xav tias tsis muaj sia nyob.
- Cov lus tsis meej, tsis muaj peev xwm sau cov lus, lossis hais lus tsis meej thaum hais lus .
- Pom kev tsis meej lossis tsis meej pem sai sai hauv ib lossis ob lub qhov muag . Tej zaum yuav zoo li daim ntaub dub poob rau ntawm ob lub qhov muag.
- Mob loog, tsis muaj zog, lossis tsis hnov mob ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev (caj npab, ceg) .
- Tsis muaj kev xav ntawm ib sab ntawm lub cev.
Xav txog koj txiv tam sim ntawd hais lus tsis meej thaum nws hais lus, lossis nws lub ntsej muag zoo li kos rau ib sab ... Tsis txhob xav tias, "Cia peb tos ib pliag." Txhua ob feeb tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov hlwb hlwb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua tam sim ntawd.
Koj kuaj xyuas koj cov hlab ntsha carotid li cas?
Yog koj tus kws kho mob xav tias muaj teeb meem nrog koj cov hlab ntsha carotid, thawj qhov lawv yuav ua yog muab lub stethoscope tso rau ntawm koj lub caj dab thiab mloog lub suab ntshav ntws los ntawm nws. Yog tias cov hlab ntsha nqaim, koj yuav hnov lub suab 'whoosing' txawv txawv (carotid bruit) thaum cov ntshav ntws.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kom paub meej ntxiv txog qhov xwm txheej, koj tuaj yeem xa mus rau cov kev xeem hauv qab no:
- Kev Ntsuas Ultrasound Carotid: Ib qho kev kuaj yooj yim, tsis mob uas siv cov nthwv dej suab los saib seb cov ntshav ntws li cas hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab lawv nqaim npaum li cas. (Tos, "বির্ভাগন" yog lus Bengali. Kuv yuav tsum zam qhov ntawd. Kuv yuav rov hais dua: "সাব্দা তার্থানে মালিকা..."). Ib qho kev kuaj yooj yim, tsis mob uas siv cov nthwv dej suab los saib seb cov ntshav ntws li cas hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab lawv nqaim npaum li cas.
- CT Scan / CT Angiogram: Tau txais cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha siv X-rays.
- MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiogram - MRA): Tau txais cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha siv lub zog sib nqus.
- Carotid Angiogram: Ib qho kev kuaj uas siv X-rays los pom qhov txhaws hauv cov hlab ntsha los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau hauv nws.
Cov kev kho mob yog dab tsi?
Yog tias koj cov hlab ntsha carotid nqaim lossis raug thaiv, muaj kev kho mob. Kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb cov hlab ntsha nqaim npaum li cas, koj cov tsos mob yog dab tsi, thiab koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
Kev kho mob nrog tshuaj
- Cov tshuaj Antiplatelet: Cov tshuaj xws li aspirin txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws.
- Cov tshuaj kho mob ntshav siab: Vim tias ntshav siab ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tswj nws.
- Cov tshuaj txo cov roj cholesterol: Cov tshuaj xws li "Statins" txo cov "plaque" ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
Kev phais thiab lwm txoj kev
- Carotid Endarterectomy: Qhov no yog ib qho kev phais uas qhib cov hlab ntsha thiab khawb cov plaque uas tau tsim sab hauv tawm. Qhov no ntxuav cov hlab ntsha thiab rov qab cov ntshav ntws.
- Carotid Angioplasty thiab Stenting: Qhov no yog ib qho txheej txheem ua los ntawm kev txiav me me. Ib txoj hlau nrog lub npas txuas rau nws raug hla dhau thaj chaw nqaim ntawm cov hlab ntsha, thiab lub npas raug inflated kom dav thaj chaw nqaim. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub raj me me zoo li mesh (Stent) raug ntxig rau hauv kom thaj chaw tsis txhob nqaim dua.
Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj li khaws kuv cov hlab ntsha carotid kom noj qab nyob zoo?
Muaj ntau yam koj ua tau kom koj lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha noj qab nyob zoo, tsis yog koj cov hlab ntsha carotid xwb.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li.Kev haus luam yeeb yog tus ua rau koj cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj loj tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj xav tau kev pab kom tso tseg, nug koj tus kws kho mob.
- Noj zaub mov kom zoo rau lub plawv. Noj zaub mov Mediterranean uas muaj zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, taum pauv, ntses, thiab cov rog zoo xws li roj txiv roj. Txo cov zaub mov uas muaj roj, qab zib, thiab ntsev ntau.
- Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua. Sim ua si nawv tsawg kawg 30 feeb ib hnub, xws li taug kev, khiav, lossis caij tsheb kauj vab. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej pib ua si nawv.
- Tswj koj lub cev kom muaj qhov hnyav zoo. Kev rog dhau yog ib qho ua rau muaj kab mob plawv thiab ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim.
- Yog koj muaj ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, lossis roj cholesterol , ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia thiab tswj lawv kom zoo.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov hlab ntsha carotid yog ob lub hlab ntsha tseem ceeb heev nyob rau ob sab ntawm peb lub caj dab uas nqa cov ntshav mus rau lub hlwb.
- Cov roj cholesterol uas nyob hauv cov hlab ntsha no (atherosclerosis) tuaj yeem ua rau lawv nqaim thiab ua rau muaj mob hnyav xws li mob stroke.
- Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li ib sab ntawm koj lub ntsej muag poob qis, hais lus tsis meej, lossis tsis nco qab ib sab ntawm koj lub cev, nws yog qhov xwm txheej ceev. Mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Kev ua neej noj qab haus huv (kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev tawm dag zog, thiab kev zam kev haus luam yeeb) tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj cov hlab ntsha carotid thiab lub plawv.
- Yog koj muaj tej yam uas ua rau koj muaj feem yuav mob, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov no thiab mus kuaj mob thiab muab lus qhia tsim nyog.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus