Koj puas tau muaj ib lub pob me me lossis pob ntawm koj lub cev thiab koj txhawj xeeb, xav tias, "Qhov no yog dab tsi?" Los yog tej zaum ib tug kws kho mob hais txog lo lus "Hamartoma," thiab koj tsis meej pem? Hamartoma yog dab tsi tiag? Cia peb piav qhia ua cov lus yooj yim thiab nkag siab ntawm no ntawm Nirogi Lanka.
Hamartoma yog dab tsi? Cia peb ua kom yooj yim!
Yog li, hamartoma yog dab tsi tiag? Hais yooj yim xwb, nws yog ib qho kev loj hlob uas tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav (benign). Nws yog ua los ntawm cov hlwb zoo ib yam li feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv qhov ntawd ntawm koj lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis: cov hlwb no tau teeb tsa tsis zoo lossis tsis sib xws. Nws zoo li muab ib pawg khoom ua si zoo sib xws thiab pov rau hauv ib lub pawg es tsis txhob teeb tsa kom zoo.
Lo lus "hamartoma" yog los ntawm ob lo lus Greek: "hamartia," txhais tau tias "qhov txhaum" lossis "qhov tsis zoo," thiab "oma," txhais tau tias "qog nqaij hlav." Yeej, nws hais txog kev loj hlob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis sib xws ntawm cov qauv.
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias cov hamartomas TSIS YOG mob qog noj ntshav . Tsis zoo li cov hlwb qog noj ntshav , lawv tsis kis thoob plaws koj lub cev. Yog li, tsis tas yuav ntshai. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob ntawm seb lawv nyob qhov twg, lawv qee zaum yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem me me.
Hamartoma tuaj yeem tshwm sim qhov twg hauv lub cev?
Hamartomas tuaj yeem tshwm sim yuav luag txhua qhov chaw hauv lub cev, tab sis muaj ob peb qhov chaw sib xws:
- Lub Ntsws : Hamartomas feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntsws. Qhov tseeb, lawv suav txog li 10% ntawm tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub ntsws zoo. Feem ntau, lawv raug pom tsis tau thaum lub sijhawm thaij duab X-ray ntawm lub hauv siab rau lwm qhov laj thawj.
- Tawv Nqaij: Feem ntau pom cov hamartomas ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub taub hau, caj dab, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub ntsej muag, daim di ncauj, lossis pob ntseg. Qee zaum, lawv yuav zoo li lub cim yug me nyuam.
- Lub Plawv : Cov no kuj tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv lub plawv. Ib qho "cardiac rhabdomyoma" yog ib hom mob plawv hamartoma uas tsis tshua muaj. Cov no feem ntau pom thaum tus menyuam tseem nyob hauv plab ( thaum cev xeeb tub ) lossis tom qab yug los. Txawm hais tias tsis tshua muaj, lawv yog cov qog nqaij hlav plawv feem ntau hauv cov menyuam mos.
- Lub Hlwb: Ib hom mob tshwj xeeb hu ua "hypothalamic hamartomas" tshwm sim hauv hypothalamus, thaj chaw uas muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev sib npaug ntawm cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev. Txawm hais tias cov no yuav muaj txij li thaum yug los, lawv feem ntau tshwm sim cov tsos mob thaum yau lossis thaum hluas, xws li qaug dab peg , teeb meem pom kev , lossis laus ua ntej lub sijhawm .
- Mis: Kwv yees li 5% ntawm cov qog mis tsis muaj teeb meem hauv cov poj niam tuaj yeem yog hamartomas. Lawv feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov poj niam hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoo.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cuam tshuam nrog qee yam mob caj ces xws li PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS), cov kev loj hlob no kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv lub raum, lub qog ntshav, lub qog thyroid, thiab pob txha.
Cov mob Hamartomas puas kis thoob plaws lub cev?
Qhov no yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb uas neeg feem ntau ntsib. Tsis yog, cov qog nqaij hlav hamartomas tsis zoo li mob qog noj ntshav; lawv tsis kis mus rau lwm qhov. Lawv nyob twj ywm rau qhov chaw uas lawv tau tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov loj hlob loj txaus, nws yuav nias cov nqaij lossis cov kabmob uas nyob ze, ua rau tsis xis nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis tshua muaj.
Puas muaj lwm yam mob uas cuam tshuam nrog Hamartomas?
Yog, hamartomas tuaj yeem txuas nrog qee yam mob caj ces tsis tshua muaj, qhov twg kev hloov pauv caj ces ua rau lawv tsim.
- Kab mob Pallister-Hall (PHS): Muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv hauv GLI3 gene. Kwv yees li 5% ntawm cov tib neeg uas muaj hypothalamic hamartomas yuav muaj tus kab mob no.
- Tuberous sclerosis: Qhov mob no tuaj yeem ua rau hamartomas tsim nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, lub plawv, lub raum, daim tawv nqaij, thiab qhov muag.
- Neurofibromatosis Hom 1 (NF1) : Ib qho mob caj ces tsis tshua muaj uas cov hamartomas tuaj yeem tsim rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha thoob plaws lub cev.
- PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS): Ib pawg mob xws li Cowden syndrome thiab Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (BRRS), qhov twg hamartomas tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv lub mis, lub tsev menyuam, thyroid, GI tract, thiab daim tawv nqaij.
- Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS): Txuas nrog rau STK11/LKB1 gene mutation, cov tib neeg uas muaj PJS muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua ntawm kev tsim cov hamartomas hauv lub ntsws, lub plab, lub zais zis, txoj hnyuv me, txoj hnyuv loj, thiab lub qhov quav.
Yog koj muaj tej yam mob caj ces zoo li no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom kuaj mob caj ces lossis sab laj nrog kws kho mob.
Cov tsos mob ntawm Hamartoma yog dab tsi?
Feem ntau, cov hamartomas tsis muaj tsos mob , txhais tau tias koj yuav muaj ib qho yam tsis muaj kev tsis xis nyob. Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob, feem ntau yog vim tias qhov loj hlob tau loj txaus los nias rau ntawm cov nqaij sib ze. Cov tsos mob nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm hamartoma.
Piv txwv li, lub ntsws hamartoma yuav ua rau hnoos tsis tu ncua lossis ua tsis taus pa yog tias nws loj hlob tuaj. Lub hlwb hamartoma yuav ua rau qaug dab peg lossis pom kev tsis meej.
Dab tsi ua rau muaj Hamartoma?
Cov kws tshawb fawb tsis paub meej tias muaj txhua yam mob hamartoma. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li tau hais lawm, feem ntau lawv muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov mob caj ces, uas tej zaum yuav tau txais los ntawm niam txiv vim muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces tshwj xeeb.
Puas yog Hamartoma tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem?
Feem ntau cov hamartomas tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias lawv loj txaus los cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tseem ceeb, teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, lub plawv rhabdomyoma tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv, uas ua rau lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Ib yam li ntawd, hypothalamic hamartoma tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj hormones lossis kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb. Thov paub tseeb tias koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov kev loj hlob no lossis tshem tawm lawv yog tias tsim nyog.
Yuav kuaj mob Hamartomas li cas?
Vim tias feem ntau cov hamartomas tsis muaj tsos mob, lawv feem ntau pom los ntawm kev sib tsoo thaum lub sijhawm luam theej duab ua rau lwm lub hom phiaj. Kev sib txawv ntawm hamartoma los ntawm qog nqaij hlav qee zaum tuaj yeem nyuaj, nyob ntawm seb nws nyob qhov twg. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua kev kuaj mob lub cev thiab tshuaj xyuas koj keeb kwm kev kho mob. Feem ntau, yuav tsum tau kuaj mob ntxiv lossis kuaj xyuas kom paub tseeb tias qhov kev loj hlob yog hamartoma tiag. Yog tias koj txhawj xeeb, thov nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd lossis hu rau cov kev pabcuam thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob sai sai thiab hnyav.
Cov kev kuaj mob twg siv?
- X-ray: Siv cov tshuaj hluav taws xob tsawg los tsim cov duab ntawm koj cov pob txha thiab cov nqaij mos. Qee zaum cov qog nqaij hlav ntsws hamartomas tshwm sim ua tus qauv "popcorn" ntawm X-ray, uas pab cov kws kho mob paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer.
- Ultrasound: Siv cov suab nthwv dej los tsim cov duab ntawm cov nqaij mos hauv koj lub cev.
- Kev thaij duab CT (Computed tomography): Siv ntau lub teeb X-ray los muab cov duab hla ntawm koj cov nqaij mos sab hauv thiab pob txha. Kev thaij duab CT zoo heev rau kev txheeb xyuas cov hamartomas hauv lub ntsws.
- MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging): Siv lub hlau nplaum muaj zog thiab cov nthwv dej xov tooj cua los tsim cov duab ntxaws ntxaws thiab muaj kev daws teeb meem siab ntawm koj lub cev cov nqaij mos.
- Kev kuaj mob mammogram: Siv cov tshuaj tua hluav taws xob tsawg los kuaj cov nqaij ntawm lub mis. Muaj ntau cov qog mis hamartomas uas pom tsis tau thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob qog noj ntshav niaj hnub.
- Kev kuaj mob:Ib tug kws kho mob muab ib qho me me ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj mob. Tom qab ntawd, ib tug kws kho mob kuaj cov qog nqaij hlav hauv qab lub tshuab microscope. Qhov kev kuaj no yog txoj kev txiav txim siab tseeb los txiav txim siab seb cov qog nqaij hlav puas yog cov qog nqaij hlav zoo li hamartoma lossis yog cov qog nqaij hlav phem. Qhov no yog tus qauv kub rau kev kuaj mob.
Yuav kho cov hamartomas li cas?
Koj txoj kev npaj kho mob yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm hamartoma thiab seb nws puas ua rau koj muaj cov tsos mob.
- Yog tias nws tsis muaj tsos mob: Yog tias qhov kev loj hlob tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem lossis tsos mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaiv los saib xyuas nws. Qhov no suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua kom paub seb puas muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov loj me lossis tsos.
- Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob lossis yog tias xav tias muaj mob qog nqaij hlav: Hauv cov rooj plaub no, kev phais tshem tawm feem ntau yog txoj kev kho mob tseem ceeb.
Cov kev phais tshwj xeeb twg siv los tshem tawm cov hamartomas?
Txoj kev kho mob sib txawv nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm hamartoma.
Rau cov hamartomas ntawm lub ntsws:
- Kev txiav tawm ntawm daim ntaub qhwv: Ib feem me me, zoo li daim ntaub qhwv ntawm lub ntsws uas muaj cov kab mob loj hlob raug tshem tawm, nrog rau ntug ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv.
- Kev phais lub ntsws: Yog tias muaj qhov hamartoma nyob ntawd, yuav tshem tawm tag nrho ib lub ntsws. Peb muaj peb lub ntsws sab xis thiab ob lub ntsws sab laug.
- Kev phais mob ntsws: Tshem tawm tag nrho lub ntsws. Qhov no tsis tshua tsim nyog rau hamartoma.
Rau lub hlwb (Hypothalamic hamartomas):
- Kev phais tshem tawm: Tus kws phais hlwb yuav phais tshem tawm cov qog.
- Kev tshem tawm: Siv cua sov siab lossis lub zog laser los rhuav tshem cov ntaub so ntswg.
- Kev phais mob GammaKnife® radiosurgery: Tsis yog kev phais mob ib txwm muaj, cov txheej txheem no siv cov teeb hluav taws xob muaj zog heev, kom rhuav tshem cov qog nrog qhov tseeb tib yam li kev phais tshem tawm.
Yog tias kuv muaj hamartoma, yuav ua li cas?
Feem ntau cov hamartomas tsis yog cov mob hnyav, yog li thov tsis txhob ntxhov siab tsis tsim nyog. Yog tias hamartoma cuam tshuam rau ib lub cev lossis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem yav tom ntej, kev phais feem ntau tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem tau zoo.
Qee zaum, kev tshem tawm tuaj yeem nyuaj heev. Piv txwv li, yog tias hypothalamic hamartoma nyob ze ntawm cov hlab ntsha optic, kev phais muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha.
Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog seb koj qhov hamartoma puas xav tau kev tshem tawm thiab seb qhov kev pheej hmoo lossis teeb meem ntawm cov txheej txheem yuav yog dab tsi.
Puas yog hamartoma hloov mus ua mob qog noj ntshav?
Qhov no yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb uas neeg feem ntau ntsib. Qhov uas yuav ua rau hamartoma loj hlob mus ua mob qog noj ntshav yog qhov tsawg heev; nws yog ib qho xwm txheej tsis tshua muaj.
Txawm li cas los xij, nco ntsoov tias qee yam mob caj ces uas txuas nrog rau hamartomas (xws li Cowden syndrome, ib hom PHTS) yuav ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo mob qog noj ntshav ntau ntxiv. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, nws yog qhov mob caj ces hauv qab, tsis yog hamartoma nws tus kheej, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv. Yog tias koj muaj mob caj ces zoo li no, kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav tsis tu ncua yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?
Thaum koj kuaj pom tias koj muaj mob hamartoma lawm, tej zaum koj yuav muaj ob peb lo lus nug. Xav nug koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug nram qab no:
- Ua cas ho ua rau muaj tus mob hamartoma no?
- Puas yog qhov tsim nyog tshem nws tawm kiag li?
- Kuv yuav tsum saib xyuas cov tsos mob twg kom paub seb puas xav tau kev kho mob?
- Qhov hamartoma no puas yog ib qho cim qhia txog tus mob hnyav dua?
- Puas yuav muaj kev pab tswv yim lossis kev kuaj mob txog noob caj noob ces rau kuv lossis kuv tsev neeg?
Cov Lus Xaus Kawg coj mus tsev
Vam tias cov ntaub ntawv no tau muab kev nkag siab meej dua txog hamartomas. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nco ntsoov tias hamartoma feem ntau tsis txaus ntshai. Lawv tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav thiab tsis kis thoob plaws lub cev.
Feem ntau, tsis tas yuav kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob lossis yog tias koj tus kws kho mob muaj kev txhawj xeeb, kev phais yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los daws qhov teeb meem.
Yog tias lawv qhia koj tias koj muaj mob hamartoma, tsis txhob ntshai heev. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob kom paub meej tias yuav ua li cas tom ntej uas tsim nyog rau koj. Kev saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau ntawm Nirogi Lanka.
