Koj tus kws kho mob hauv tsev neeg puas tau hais rau koj tias, "Cia peb qhia qhov no rau tus kws kho mob ntshav" thaum koj tau txais daim ntawv qhia txog ntshav? Tej zaum koj yuav ntshai me ntsis thaum koj hnov qhov ntawd. "Auj, kuv puas muaj qee yam loj heev?" Tej zaum koj yuav xav. Tab sis tsis txhob ntshai. Tsis yog txhua zaus koj raug hais kom mus ntsib tus kws kho mob ntshav, tus kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob ntshav, nws yog qee yam loj heev. Hnub no, cia peb tham txog tus kws kho mob ntshav yog leej twg, lawv ua dab tsi, thiab koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi yog tias koj yuav tsum mus ntsib ib tus.
Hais yooj yim xwb, tus kws kho mob ntshav no yog leej twg?
Tus kws kho mob ntshav yog tus kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob ntsig txog cov ntshav, pob txha, thiab cov lymphatic system ntawm peb lub cev. Hais kom meej, qhov no yog lwm qhov kev tshwj xeeb ntawm Internal Medicine.
Xav txog nws li no: cov ntshav hauv peb lub cev zoo li ib txoj kev sib txuas uas khiav hla ib lub tebchaws. Nws yog raws cov kev no uas peb lub cev nqa cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham mus rau txhua qhov ntawm lub cev, thiab nws kuj tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog lub cev no, tus kws kho mob ntshav yuav nyob ntawd los kuaj mob, nrhiav seb muaj dab tsi tsis zoo, thiab kho nws.
Lawv kuaj mob, kho mob, thiab tswj ntau yam kab mob ntsig txog ntshav. Ib txhia ntawm cov kab mob no tuaj yeem yog cov mob tsis muaj mob qog noj ntshav (tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav), thaum lwm tus tuaj yeem yog mob qog noj ntshav (mob qog noj ntshav). Lawv kuj kho cov mob xws li teeb meem ntshav txhaws thiab los ntshav ntau dhau.
Kws Kho Mob Ntshav thiab Kws Kho Mob Pob Txha puas yog ob tug neeg sib txawv? Los yog lawv puas yog tib tug neeg?
Qhov no yog ib yam uas ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem txog. Tus kws kho mob ntshav thiab tus kws kho mob qog nqaij hlav tsis tas yuav yog tib tus neeg , tab sis qee zaum tib tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem muaj kev txawj ntse hauv ob qho tib si.
Cia peb pom qhov txawv xwb:
- Kws Kho Mob Cancer: Cov no yog cov kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv kho txhua hom qog noj ntshav uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua qhov chaw hauv lub cev.
- Kws Kho Mob Ntshav: Lawv tsuas yog tsom mus rau cov kab mob ntsig txog cov ntshav, pob txha, thiab cov lymphatic system xwb.
Tam sim no tej zaum koj yuav xav tias, "Leej twg saib xyuas cov mob qog noj ntshav uas tshwm sim hauv cov ntshav?" Yog lawm, qhov ntawd yog qhov uas ob qho kev lag luam no los ua ke. Ntau yam mob qog noj ntshav, xws li leukemia thiab lymphoma, tshwm sim los ntawm peb cov qe ntshav lossis pob txha. Yog li ntawd, tus kws kho mob ntshav kuj muaj kev txawj ntse hauv cov mob qog noj ntshav. Yog vim li cas qee tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv ob qho kev lag luam no ua "Hematologist-Oncologist."
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias tsuas yog vim koj tau hais kom mus ntsib kws kho mob ntshav, nws tsis tau txhais hais tias koj muaj mob qog noj ntshav.
Feem ntau, koj tus kws kho mob tsev neeg tsuas yog xa koj mus rau tus kws kho mob ntshav yog tias lawv pom qee yam txawv txawv hauv koj cov ntawv qhia ntshav. Qhov no yuav yog kev hloov pauv ntawm koj cov qe ntshav lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm koj cov ntshav txhaws. Kev hloov me me hauv cov ntawv qhia yooj yim no tsis yog ib txwm yog lub cim qhia tias muaj mob hnyav. Lawv yuav xa koj mus rau tus kws tshwj xeeb kom saib xyuas kom zoo.
Cov kab mob dab tsi uas tus kws kho mob hematologist feem ntau kho?
Peb cov ntshav muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb. Cov qe ntshav liab nqa cov pa oxygen mus rau lub cev, cov qe ntshav dawb tiv thaiv peb ntawm kab mob, thiab cov platelets tiv thaiv kev los ntshav. Yog tias ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov khoom no ua haujlwm tsis zoo, peb hu nws ua kab mob ntsig txog ntshav. Cia peb saib seb cov kab mob no yog dab tsi.
| Cov kab mob ntshav zoo | |
|---|---|
| Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus | Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus hlau yog hom kab mob ntshav tsis txaus uas pom ntau tshaj plaws. |
| Cov kab mob Thalassemia | Qhov no yog ib yam kab mob uas los ntawm noob caj noob ces. Nws cuam tshuam rau lub cev lub peev xwm los tsim cov qe ntshav liab thiab hemoglobin kom noj qab nyob zoo. Nws yog ib yam mob uas peb hnov txog ntau zaus hauv Sri Lanka. |
| Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus | Qhov no kuj yog ib yam kab mob uas los ntawm noob caj noob ces. Qhov no ua rau cov ntshav tsis khov. Txawm tias yog ib qho qhov txhab me me los kuj tuaj yeem ua rau los ntshav ntau heev. |
| Kab mob Von Willebrand | Qhov no kuj yog ib qho teeb meem los ntshav uas tshwm sim ntau zaus. |
| Kab mob ntshav liab ntshav liab | Ib yam kab mob uas tau los ntawm noob caj ces uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov duab ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. |
| Cov kab mob ntshav phem | |
| Kab mob ntshav dawb (leukemia) | Ib hom mob qog ntshav uas pib hauv cov pob txha. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev kho mob tam sim no, tus nqi kho tau nce ntxiv ntau heev. |
| Lymphoma | Ib qho mob qog nqaij hlav uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev lymphatic. |
| Mob qog nqaij hlav | Ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb ntshav hauv cov pob txha. |
Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob hematologist, koj yuav tsum xav li cas?
Yog koj muaj sijhawm mus ntsib kws kho mob ntshav, nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo kom npaj me ntsis ua ntej koj mus. Feem ntau, tus kws kho mob yuav ua cov hauv qab no:
- Nug txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho: lwm yam kab mob uas koj muaj, cov tshuaj uas koj noj, thiab seb puas muaj leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj cov kab mob no.
- Nug txog koj cov tsos mob: kev hloov pauv hauv koj lub cev, qaug zog, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov xim tawv nqaij, kub taub hau ntau zaus, thiab poob phaus.
- Yuav muab koj cov kev kuaj ntshav rov los saib dua: Nqa koj cov kev kuaj ntshav qub thiab qhia rau tus kws kho mob. Tus kws kho mob yuav muab lawv rov los saib dua kom zoo zoo thiab piav qhia rau koj txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov nqi.
- Txheeb xyuas seb puas xav tau kev kuaj ntxiv: Tej zaum yuav hais kom koj ua ntau yam kev kuaj ntshav tshwj xeeb lossis kev kuaj pob txha kom paub tseeb tias muaj kab mob.
- Tham txog kev kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob: Yog tias kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob, yuav piav qhia rau koj tag nrho thiab yuav tham txog cov kev xaiv kho mob nrog koj.
Cov kev kuaj ntshav uas ib tus kws kho mob hematologist tau xaj
Cov kev kuaj no pab tus kws kho mob kuaj tau qhov tseeb. Tej zaum yuav muaj ib txhia neeg hais kom koj ua qee yam ntawm cov no thiab.
| Lub npe ntawm qhov kev xeem | Hais yooj yim xwb, koj pom dab tsi hauv qhov no? |
|---|---|
| Kev suav ntshav tag nrho (CBC) | Qhov no yog qhov kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim tshaj plaws. Nws ntsuas tus naj npawb ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov ntshav platelets. |
| Kev Ntsuas Ntshav Sib Txawv | Tus naj npawb ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb sib txawv (piv txwv li neutrophils, lymphocytes) raug ntsuas cais. |
| Kev Ntsuas Lub Sijhawm Prothrombin (PTT) | Nws ntsuas seb nws siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas rau koj cov ntshav kom khov. |
| Kev Ntsuas Ntshav Ntawm Sab Nraud (PBS) | Muab ib tee ntshav pleev rau ntawm daim iav thiab kuaj hauv qab lub tshuab microscope kom paub seb cov qe ntshav zoo li cas thiab zoo li cas. |
Cov lus nug tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nug koj tus kws kho mob
Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nug tag nrho cov lus nug uas koj muaj. Tsis txhob ntshai lossis txaj muag. Qhov no yog hais txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Yuav pab tau koj, ntawm no yog qee cov lus nug uas koj tuaj yeem nug:
- "Kws kho mob, qhov txawv txav ntawm kuv cov ntshav yog dab tsi? Nws txhais li cas?"
- "Koj xav tias kuv muaj mob dab tsi?"
- Qhov no puas yog qhov teeb meem loj heev?
- "Ua cas ho yog qhov ua rau qhov no?"
- Kuv yuav tsum saib xyuas cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb twg?
- "Kuv puas yuav tsum tau ua lwm yam kev kuaj ntxiv? Lawv tab tom nrhiav dab tsi?"
- Kuv puas xav tau kev kho mob? Muaj kev kho mob dab tsi?
- Kev kho mob pib thaum twg? Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas?
- "Puas muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo rau cov tshuaj uas kuv noj?"
Yuav pab tau yog koj sau cov lus nug no rau ntawm daim ntawv. Thiab sau cov lus teb uas tus kws kho mob muab luv luv.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Tus kws kho mob ntshav yog tus kws kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv cov kab mob ntsig txog cov ntshav, pob txha, thiab cov lymphatic system.
- Tsuas yog vim koj raug xa mus rau tus kws kho mob ntshav tsis tau txhais hais tias koj muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Muaj ntau yam mob uas tsis yog mob qog noj ntshav, xws li ntshav tsis txaus.
- Thaum koj mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob, tsis txhob ntshai nug tej lus nug uas koj muaj. Koj yuav tsum nkag siab zoo txog koj tus mob thiab kev kho mob.
- Tsis txhob ntshai tsuas yog vim koj pom qhov kev hloov pauv hauv kev kuaj ntshav. Cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav nyob ntawd los saib xyuas kom meej thiab ua qhov tsim nyog.
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