Cannabis, hemp, marijuana, tshuaj ntsuab, lauj kaub... Cov npe no tej zaum koj yuav paub zoo heev. Ib txhia neeg hais tias nws yog tshuaj, lwm tus hais tias nws yog tshuaj txaus ntshai. Muaj ntau zaj dab neeg txog qhov no hauv zej zog. Yog li nws yog dab tsi tiag? Nws ua li cas rau lub cev? Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog txhua qhov kev nkag siab yuam kev thiab cov dab neeg tseeb txog qhov no, yooj yim, zoo li peb tab tom tham nrog ib tug phooj ywg. Qhov no yog kev sim los muab cov lus teb meej rau cov lus nug uas koj muaj hauv koj lub siab.
Cia peb xub saib seb, cov cannabis no yog dab tsi?
Txawm hais tias muaj coob tus neeg siv cov lus "marijuana" thiab "cannabis" sib pauv tau los xij, muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm ob qho no. Cia peb xub nkag siab qhov ntawd kom zoo.
- Cannabis: Qhov no yog hais txog txhua yam khoom uas tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag hu ua '(Cannabis sativa)'. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias cov paj qhuav, nplooj, cov qia, thiab cov noob ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawd. Cov nroj tsuag no muaj ntau tshaj 500 yam tshuaj lom neeg. '(Cannabidiol - CBD)' yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg zoo li no.
- Tshuaj yeeb (Marijuana): Qhov no yog hais txog cov khoom lossis cov khoom ntawm tsob nroj '(Cannabis sativa)' uas muaj ntau cov tshuaj '(tetrahydrocannabinol - THC)'. Cov tshuaj '(THC)' (tseem hu ua '(cannabinoid)') no yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb uas ua rau koj "siab", lossis qaug cawv.
Hais yooj yim xwb, txhua yam tshuaj marijuana yog cannabis (uas los ntawm cov nroj tsuag cannabis), tab sis tsis yog txhua yam cannabis yog marijuana (uas txhais tau tias tsis yog txhua yam muaj cov tshuaj THC ntau).
Tshuaj yeeb yog ib yam tshuaj uas siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tub ntxhais hluas. Tab sis raws li kev tshawb fawb, tseem muaj ntau yam uas peb tsis paub txog nws. Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom kawm txog cov teebmeem luv luv thiab ntev ntawm cov tshuaj no.
Puas yog cannabis ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj?
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau muab tshuaj marijuana (THC) cais ua ib yam khoom uas ua rau neeg xav tsis thoob. Uas yog, ib yam khoom uas ua rau tib neeg pom lossis hnov tej yam uas tsis muaj tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, cov teebmeem no tsis tshwm sim txhua zaus siv tshuaj cannabis.
Txawm hais tias kev siv tshuaj marijuana tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev xav tsis thoob, lawv feem ntau txawv ntawm cov teebmeem ntawm lwm yam tshuaj hallucinogens, xws li LSD. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov teebmeem hallucinogenic ntawm marijuana yuav ua haujlwm txawv ntawm lwm yam tshuaj hallucinogens.
Yog li ntawd, 'kev kho mob marijuana' yog dab tsi?
Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov tias nyob rau hauv qee lub tebchaws, kev siv cannabis raug cai rau qee yam kab mob. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no yog los pab tswj cov tsos mob ntawm qee yam kab mob . Nws tsis kho tus kab mob tag nrho. Nov yog qee qhov xwm txheej uas cannabis siv rau hauv kev kho mob:
- Kev txo qhov mob ntev: Tswj qhov mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov mob neuropathic. Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab txo qhov kev siv cov tshuaj opioid tua mob.
- Txo qhov xeev siab: Ua ib qho tshuaj antiemetic uas tswj kev ntuav thiab xeev siab.
- Tswj qee cov tsos mob: Tswj cov tsos mob xws li cov leeg nqaij tawv (spasticity) uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob xws li "Multiple sclerosis - MS".
- Kev Txhawb Nqa Kev Nqhis: Txhawb nqa kev ntshaw ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev ntshaw.
Tiam sis nco ntsoov tias, txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws zoo li Tebchaws Meskas, Lub Chaw Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj (FDA) tau muab tshuaj marijuana faib ua ib yam tshuaj uas tsis tau txais kev siv kho mob tam sim no thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau quav tshuaj . Yog li ntawd, cov kws kho mob tsis tuaj yeem "sau ntawv" rau marijuana. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws uas raug cai tso cai, nws tuaj yeem siv los pab nrog qee yam mob.
Cov koom haum thoob ntiaj teb uas tau lees paub tseem tsis tau pom zoo rau cov nroj tsuag cannabis ua kev kho mob rau ib qho kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov tshuaj uas ua los ntawm kev siv cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tau ntxuav los ntawm cov nroj tsuag cannabis tau raug pom zoo.
| Cov tshuaj uas tau pom zoo | Cov xwm txheej siv |
|---|---|
| Cannabidiol (Cannabidiol - Epidiolex®) | Txhawm rau tswj cov qaug dab peg hauv ob hom qaug dab peg tsawg heev (fits) hu ua Lennox-Gastaut syndrome thiab Dravet syndrome . |
| Dronabinol (Marinol®) thiab nabilone (Cesamet®) | Siv los tswj kev xeev siab thiab ntuav uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav. Cov tshuaj dronabinol kuj tseem siv los tswj kev noj mov thiab kev poob phaus rau cov neeg mob HIV/AIDS. |
Cov cannabis cuam tshuam li cas rau koj?
Qhov no tseem ceeb heev. Txoj kev uas cannabis cuam tshuam rau txhua tus neeg txawv heev. Muaj ntau yam laj thawj rau qhov no:
- Koj cov noob caj noob ces.
- koj lub hnub nyoog.
- Koj yog poj niam los txiv neej.
- Tus nqi ntawm cannabis siv thiab nws lub zog.
- Txoj kev uas koj noj cannabis (haus luam yeeb, vaping, lossis noj mov).
- Koj siv cannabis ntev npaum li cas thiab siv ntau npaum li cas.
- Txawm koj siv lwm yam tshuaj lossis tshuaj yeeb.
Qhov no txhais tau tias koj tus phooj ywg yuav tsis xav li koj thaum siv tshuaj marijuana. Tsis tas li ntawd, txawm tias rau tib tus neeg, cov teebmeem tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm ib hnub mus rau ib hnub.
Cov teebmeem tam sim ntawd yog dab tsi?
Thaum koj haus luam yeeb marijuana, '(THC)' raug nqus sai heev los ntawm lub ntsws mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Nws mus los ntawm cov ntshav mus rau lub hlwb thiab lwm yam kabmob. Tab sis yog tias koj noj lossis haus marijuana, '(THC)' raug nqus qeeb qeeb rau hauv lub cev. Nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm li 30 txog 60 feeb kom hnov nws cov teebmeem.
Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim hauv lub hlwb? Muaj ib yam tshuaj hu ua '(anandamide)' uas tshwm sim ntuj tsim hauv peb lub hlwb. '(THC)' zoo ib yam li '(anandamide)'. Yog li ntawd, '(THC)' tuaj yeem khi rau cov receptors hauv lub hlwb uas cuam tshuam nrog '(anandamide)' thiab ua rau cov khoom ntawd hyperactive. Qhov no yog vim li cas ntau yam teebmeem tshwm sim.
| Cov teebmeem luv luv ntawm kev siv cannabis | |
|---|---|
| Cov teebmeem ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hlwb | |
| Kev xav hloov pauv | Cov xim zoo li ci dua, cov ntxhiab tsw qab dua. |
| Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm thiab qhov chaw | Zoo li lub sijhawm dhau mus qeeb qeeb. |
| Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub siab | Muaj kev zoo siab tsis muaj laj thawj. |
| Teeb meem kev xav thiab kev nco | Nyuaj rau kev daws teeb meem, tsis nco qab zoo. |
| Teeb meem kev sib npaug thiab kev sib koom tes | Nyuaj rau kev taug kev, lub sijhawm teb qeeb. |
| Lwm yam teebmeem | Ua rau tsaug zog tsis taus, kiv taub hau, ntshai heev. |
| Tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem ntawm kev noj ntau dhau | |
| Kev pom tsis tseeb | Pom los yog hnov tej yam uas tsis muaj tiag. |
| Kev dag ntxias | Ntseeg ruaj khov rau tej yam uas tsis muaj tseeb kiag li. |
| Kev puas siab puas ntsws | Tsis sib cuag nrog lub neej tiag tiag. Qhov kev pheej hmoo no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg uas siv tshuaj yeeb muaj zog ntau zaus. |
| Lwm yam teebmeem luv luv rau lub cev | |
| Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev | Qhov ncauj qhuav, xeev siab, lub plawv dhia ceev (tej zaum yuav kav ntev txog 3 teev), qab los noj mov ntau dua. |
Yog koj siv nws ntev heev ces yuav ua li cas?
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tseem tab tom kawm ntau yam txog cov teebmeem mus sij hawm ntev ntawm cannabis. Raws li qhov tau tshawb pom txog tam sim no, kev siv cannabis mus sij hawm ntev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov teebmeem hauv qab no:
- Cov teebmeem rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb: Yog tias koj pib siv cov tshuaj cannabis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum koj tseem hluas (ua ntej lub hlwb loj hlob tag), nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub hlwb puas tsuaj uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem xws li kev mloog zoo, kev nco qab, thiab kev kawm. Cov teebmeem no tuaj yeem kav ntev mus ib sim neej .
- Kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntsws:Ib yam li luam yeeb, haus luam yeeb txhua yam yog qhov txaus ntshai rau lub ntsws. Haus luam yeeb marijuana tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws puas tsuaj, ua rau muaj kab mob xws li mob ntsws ntsws, thiab ua rau cov hlab ntsha me me puas tsuaj.
- Kev pheej hmoo ntawm kab mob plawv thiab mob hlwb: Haus luam yeeb ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob hlwb, kab mob plawv , thiab lwm yam kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
- Kev Pheej Hmoo ntawm kev mob hlwb: Cov neeg siv cannabis ntau zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg uas muaj kev mob hlwb los ntawm caj ces, muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua ntawm kev mob hlwb hnyav (psychoses) xws li schizophrenia.
- ntuav tas li: Cov neeg uas noj tshuaj THC ntau dhau sijhawm ntev yuav muaj tus mob hu ua cannabis hyperemesis syndrome, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ntuav ntau zaus thiab hnyav.
- Lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv: Kab mob Periodontal, cov mob uas mob ntau zaus rau cov neeg uas muaj kab mob sickle cell, thiab cov kab mob spermatogenesis rau cov txiv neej tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev muaj menyuam.
Koj puas tuaj yeem ua rau koj quav rau cannabis?
Yog, nws yeej ua tau.
Kwv yees li ib tug ntawm 10 tus neeg laus uas siv cannabis muaj tus mob hu ua "Cannabis use disorder". Qhov no yog ib qho mob hlwb uas cuam tshuam nrog kev siv tshuaj (substance use disorder - SUD). Hais yooj yim, qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua "kev quav tshuaj."
Cov neeg uas pib siv cannabis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lawv tseem hluas, muaj plaub txog xya npaug ntau dua uas yuav muaj tus mob no dua li cov neeg laus.
Qhov kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv, kev sib raug zoo hauv tsev neeg, kev ua haujlwm, thiab txhua yam ntawm koj lub neej. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj lossis ib tus neeg koj paub muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
Kev siv cannabis thaum cev xeeb tub thiab pub niam mis
Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Cov tub ceev xwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv thoob ntiaj teb qhia kom tsis txhob siv CBD, THC, lossis tshuaj marijuana txhua yam thaum cev xeeb tub lossis thaum pub niam mis .
Kev siv cannabis thaum cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj xws li:
- Kev puas tsuaj rau tus menyuam lub hlwb kev loj hlob thaum tseem nyob hauv plab: THC hauv cov ntshav ntawm leej niam tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv tus menyuam lub hlwb. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias qhov no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tej yam xws li tus menyuam txoj kev mloog, kev nco, thiab kev daws teeb meem.
- Muaj feem yuav yug me nyuam tsis hnyav.
- Muaj feem yuav yug ntxov ntxov thiab tej zaum tus menyuam hauv plab tuag .
Tsis tas li ntawd, txog rau hnub tom qab leej niam siv tshuaj marijuanaCov kua mis niam muaj tej zaum yuav muaj THC. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob siv tshuaj marijuana thaum pub niam mis. THC tuaj yeem hla dhau cov kua mis mus rau tus menyuam thiab cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov pa luam yeeb muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg zoo ib yam li cov pa luam yeeb. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thaum muaj cov menyuam mos lossis cov menyuam yaus nyob ntawd.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Marijuana yog ib feem ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg hu ua "THC" uas ua rau koj "siab."
- Cov teebmeem ntawm cannabis sib txawv ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau ib tus neeg. Nws nyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog koj lub hnub nyoog, cov noob caj noob ces, thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas koj siv.
- Kev siv cannabis mus ntev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tseem hluas, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb, lub ntsws, thiab lub plawv.
- Kev siv tshuaj cannabis tsis zoo yog ib qho mob hlwb tiag tiag uas xav tau kev kho mob.
- Kev siv tshuaj cannabis thaum cev xeeb tub thiab pub niam mis rau menyuam yaus yog qhov txaus ntshai heev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum zam kom tsis txhob siv nws kiag li .
- Yog koj muaj lus nug lossis kev txhawj xeeb txog kev siv cannabis lossis nws cov teebmeem, tsis txhob yig nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham . Lawv yeej npaj siab pab koj.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus