Peb cov hlab ntsha puas tuaj yeem raug lom? Cia peb tham txog kev lom ntawm cov hlab ntsha!

Puas muaj tej lub sij hawm koj kiv taub hau yam tsis muaj laj thawj? Koj ob txhais ceg puas loog? Los yog koj puas xav tias koj lub cim xeeb zuj zus tuaj, los yog nws nyuaj rau koj khaws koj lub siab rau ib qho chaw? Tej zaum qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas peb tsis xav txog. Qhov ntawd yog neurotoxicity, lossis raws li peb hu nws hauv cov lus kho mob, ib qho mob hu ua neurotoxicity . Cia peb tham txog qhov no kom meej me ntsis hnub no, puas yog?

Hauv lwm lo lus, neurotoxicity yog dab tsi?

Kev lom hlwb yog thaum cov tshuaj lom uas tshwm sim los ntawm ntuj tsim los yog tib neeg ua (hu ua neurotoxicants) hauv huab cua peb ua pa, dej peb haus, zaub mov peb noj, thiab qee yam khoom peb siv ua rau peb lub paj hlwb puas tsuaj. Koj puas paub tias peb lub paj hlwb yog ib lub network nyuaj heev? Nws suav nrog peb lub hlwb, tus txha caj qaum, thiab cov hlab ntsha thoob plaws peb lub cev . Cov no yog cov uas tswj txhua yam peb xav, ua, hais, thiab xav.

Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj lom no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub paj hlwb. Cov kev hloov pauv no qee zaum yuav me me, thiab qee zaum hnyav heev . Txawm hais tias qee qhov kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem kho thiab kho tau, qee qhov yuav kav ntev mus ib txhis. Hauv cov xwm txheej phem tshaj plaws, qhov kev lom ntawm lub paj hlwb no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus . Xav txog seb qhov ntawd txaus ntshai npaum li cas!

Qee zaum, txawm tias tej yam uas feem ntau tsis lom rau peb, piv txwv li, qee cov tshuaj, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev lom rau lub paj hlwb yog tias noj ntau dhau. Los yog, muaj qee yam tshuaj, xws li cov hlau lead, uas tuaj yeem lom txawm tias me me xwb los xij.

Qhov kev lom zem ntawm lub hlwb no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub , kev loj hlob ntawm menyuam yaus , lossis laus . Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev raug cov tshuaj lom no thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thiab thaum yau feem ntau yog ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg uas muaj qee yam kab mob, piv txwv li, cov neeg uas muaj mob daj ntseg (hyperbilirubinemia) lossis cov neeg uas muaj kab mob xws li Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMT), muaj feem ntau dua los tsim cov kev lom zem ntawm lub hlwb no.

Cov tshuaj lom neurotoxic no yog dab tsi?

Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau pua hom tshuaj lom rau cov hlab ntsha no. Lawv tuaj yeem ua pa, kua, lossis khov. Qee cov tshuaj lom tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tsos mob txawm tias me me xwb los yog tom qab raug ib zaug xwb. Thaum lwm tus xav tau ntau thiab siv sijhawm ntev kom ua rau muaj tsos mob.

Nov yog qee cov piv txwv:

• Cov hlau hnyav: Piv txwv li, txhuas, mercury.
• Lwm cov tshuaj uas tshwm sim hauv ntuj: Piv txwv li, carbon monoxide, arsenic, thiab trichothecene mycotoxins los ntawm qee cov pwm.
• Tshuaj tua kab:Piv txwv li, `(organophosphates)` thiab `(chlorpyrifos)`. Cov no siv rau hauv peb txoj kev ua liaj ua teb, puas yog?
• Cov tshuaj yaj uas pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov khoom siv ntxuav: Piv txwv li, '(tetrachloroethylene)'.
• Cov ntaub ntawv tsim khoom: Piv txwv li `(vinyl chloride)`, `(toluene)`, `(formaldehyde)` thiab `(polybrominated diphenyl ethers) (PBDEs)`.
• Tshuaj thiab Cawv: Cawv, Amphetamines, Opioids, Inhalants, thiab Cocaine.

Tseem muaj cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam rau peb cov tshuaj hormones, hu ua Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Piv txwv li suav nrog Bisphenol A (BPA) (pom muaj nyob rau hauv qee cov yas), phthalates, thiab polychlorinated biphenyl compounds (PCBs). Cov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev lom rau lub paj hlwb.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tshuaj thiab neurotoxicity

, , ‍ `(Antibiotics)` `(Antipsychotics)` . , ‍, . .

Qee cov tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas siv rau hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev lom rau lub paj hlwb.

• Cov tshuaj uas muaj platinum: `(oxaliplatin)`, `(cisplatin)`, `(carboplatin)`
• Cov tshuaj Taxane: `(paclitaxel)`, `(docetaxel)`
• Cov alkaloids Vinca: `(vincristine)`, `(vinblastine)`
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv proteasome
• Cov tshuaj analogues ntawm thalidomide

Tsis yog tsuas yog chemotherapy xwb, tab sis kev kho mob hluav taws xob kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau lub paj hlwb puas tsuaj thiab ua rau muaj kev lom neurotoxicity.

Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

, , , . , .

Cia kuv muab ob qho piv txwv rau koj los pab koj nkag siab txog qhov no:

• Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias muaj li ntawm 385 lab tus neeg raug lom los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo , ua rau muaj li ntawm 11,000 tus neeg tuag txhua xyoo.
• , (Lead poisoning) . – 800 – . ‍ ! , .

Cov tsos mob yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev lom los ntawm cov tshuaj lom rau lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Nws nyob ntawm hom tshuaj lom uas koj tau raug. Cov tsos mob tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov me me mus rau qhov hnyav . Qee zaum cov tsos mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim tam sim ntawd tom qab raug cov tshuaj lom, lossis lawv tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau lub lis piam, ntau lub hlis, lossis txawm tias ntau xyoo los tshwm sim.

Nov yog qee cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev:

• Teeb meem nrog kev sib npaug thiab kev sib koom tes (tsis tuaj yeem taug kev kom zoo, muaj teeb meem tuav cov khoom)
• Mob plab (mob plab)
• Kev nkees, kev qaug zog
• Mob taub hau
• Kev ntshaw noj mov
• Cov mob xws li mob neuropathic
• Cov teeb meem ntawm cov leeg: tsis muaj zog, mob plab, co
• Xeev siab thiab/lossis ntuav
• Kev tsis muaj zog hauv cov ceg
• Kev hloov pauv pw tsaug zog: xws li insomnia
• Nyuaj hais lus, hais lus tsis meej (dysarthria)
• Teeb meem pom kev lossis poob qhov muag

Tam sim no cia peb saib seb cov tsos mob ntawm lub hlwb thiab kev paub yog dab tsi:

• Kev hloov pauv tus cwj pwm lossis teeb meem
• Txo qis kev txawj ntse, piv txwv li, kev puas tsuaj me me ntawm kev paub
• Kiv taub hau los yog tsis meej pem
• Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo: Qhov no txhais tau tias nyuaj rau tswj kev xav thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsom ntsoov.
• Npau taws sai dua li niaj zaus, ua nruj ua tsiv
• Kev tsis nco qab
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub siab

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog mus ntsib kws kho mob yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam pom muaj kev hloov pauv lossis teeb meem hauv lawv txoj kev xav, tus cwj pwm, lub siab, lossis kev noj qab haus huv lub cev . Qhov no yuav yog vim muaj cov tshuaj lom rau lub paj hlwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm yam ua rau.

Cov tsos mob uas qhia tias muaj xwm txheej ceev

Qee zaum kev ua xua rau lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai thiab hnyav heev (mob hlwb mob hnyav). Cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim sai sai. Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob hauv qab no, koj yuav tsum mus rau tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Hu rau 911 (1990 hauv Sri Lanka) lossis mus rau tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev lom ntawm cov hlab ntsha mob hnyav tuaj yeem suav nrog:

• Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub plawv dhia
• Kev tsis meej pem lossis kev chim siab
• Kev poob siab
• Kev puas siab puas ntsws, suav nrog kev pom kev tsis meej pem
• Qaug dab peg
• Kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kub ntawm lub cev (ua npaws kub heev (hyperthermia) lossis qhov kub ntawm lub cev qis heev (hypothermia))
• Cov leeg nqaij tsis muaj zog sai sai
• Teeb meem pom kev tam sim ntawd lossis poob qhov muag pom kev
• Ua pa nyuaj

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj kev lom ntawm cov hlab ntsha?

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov ua rau lub paj hlwb puas tsuaj thaum cov tshuaj lom hauv lub paj hlwb uas tau hais los saum toj no ua rau puas, hloov, lossis tua cov hlwb hauv peb lub paj hlwb peripheral lossis central nervous system. Feem ntau, qhov no cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb paj hlwb, lossis neurons . Koj paub, cov neurons no yog cov tseem ceeb uas xa thiab ua cov cim hauv peb lub hlwb, cov hlab ntsha caj qaum, thiab cov hlab ntsha peripheral. Tsis yog tsuas yog cov neurons xwb, tab sis lwm qhov ntawm lub paj hlwb kuj tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj, piv txwv li , myelin uas npog cov hlab ntsha.

Vim tias peb lub paj hlwb yog ib lub cev nyuaj heev, kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev ua rau lub paj hlwb tsis zoo tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntau txoj hauv kev. Nov yog ob peb yam piv txwv:

• Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neurotransmitters (piv txwv li, dopamine), ib yam tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv peb lub hlwb, thiab lawv cov signaling.
• Kev o, lossis o, ntawm lub hlwb lossis tus txha caj qaum (neuroinflammation).
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv hauv lub hlwb, piv txwv li, kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom grey thiab dawb hauv lub hlwb.
• Kev puas tsuaj rau lub myelin sheath nyob ib puag ncig cov hlab ntsha peripheral.

Kev raug cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov hlab ntsha

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas cov tshuaj no nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev:

• Los ntawm kev ua pa
• Los ntawm zaub mov lossis dej haus (los ntawm tej yam koj noj lossis haus)
• Los ntawm kev nqus los ntawm daim tawv nqaij

Cov tshuaj lom no kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Yog tias cov tshuaj lom no nkag mus rau hauv niam lub cev thaum cev xeeb tub, lawv tuaj yeem hla dhau cov ntshav mus rau tus menyuam hauv plab los ntawm txoj hlab ntaws . Yog vim li cas qee cov tshuaj tsis pom zoo thaum cev xeeb tub, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem muaj cov teebmeem neurotoxic rau tus menyuam hauv plab.

Thaum cov tshuaj lom no nkag mus rau hauv peb cov ntshav, lawv tuaj yeem hla cov ntshav-lub hlwb thaiv (BBB) ​​​​uas tiv thaiv peb lub hlwb thiab cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qee qhov ntawm lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab. Los yog, zoo li EDCs uas tau hais ua ntej, lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub hlwb tsis ncaj qha los ntawm kev hloov pauv lwm lub cev.

Muaj ntau qhov chaw uas koj tuaj yeem raug cov tshuaj lom no, vim tias cov tshuaj lom no kis mus rau txhua qhov chaw.

• Kev ua qias tuaj ib puag ncig: cov pa tawm ntawm tsheb, cov pa phem los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb, cov pa phem los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.
• Kev ua qias tuaj hauv zos: Hauv cov chaw xws li cov tiaj ua si, tsev kawm ntawv, lossis los ntawm kev sib tsoo tshuaj lom neeg hauv thaj chaw.
• Kev ua qias tuaj hauv tsev neeg: Los ntawm qee yam khoom siv hauv tsev, khoom noj thiab dej haus. Piv txwv li, qee cov kua ntxuav, tshuaj tsuag kab, thiab xim.

Tej yam teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim yog dab tsi?

Peb twb tau tham txog lawm tias qee cov tshuaj lom rau lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob hlwb ntev . Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, txawm tias tuag tau.

Kev raug rau qee yam tshuaj lom rau lub hlwb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab thiab thaum yau, tau pom tias muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam mob hauv qab no:

• Kev tsis mloog zoo/kev ua ub ua no ntau dhau (ADHD)
• Kev tsis taus kawm ntawv
• Kev Nyuaj Siab
• Kev ntxhov siab
Schizophrenia-kev xav `(Schizophrenia)`
• Kev puas siab puas ntsws Autism (ASD)

Tiamsis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov no tsuas yog qhia txog kev sib txuas ntawm kev raug cov tshuaj lom neurotoxins thiab cov mob no. Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tsis tau paub tseeb tias cov tshuaj lom no puas ua rau muaj cov mob no. Lawv tseem tab tom kawm txog txhua yam teebmeem thiab teeb meem ntawm cov tshuaj lom neurotoxins no.

Koj nrhiav tau qhov no li cas? (Kev kuaj mob)

Vim muaj ntau pua hom tshuaj uas ua rau mob hlab ntsha thiab cov tsos mob ntawm cov tshuaj no sib txawv ntau heev, kev kuaj mob yuav xav tau ntau yam kev kuaj mob thiab kev kuaj mob. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav nug koj txog koj cov tsos mob thiab keeb kwm kev kho mob ua ntej. Tom qab ntawd lawv yuav ua kev kuaj mob lub cev thiab lub paj hlwb.

Ntxiv rau, cov kev ntsuam xyuas hauv qab no yuav raug pom zoo:

• Kev ntsuam xyuas tus cwj pwm
• Kev kuaj ntshav
• Kev ntsuam xyuas kev paub
• Kev kuaj mob hluav taws xob ntawm lub hlwb (EEG)
• Kev kuaj qhov muag
• Kev kuaj duab xws li kev luam theej duab MRI ntawm lub hlwb
• Kev tshawb nrhiav txog kev coj ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm cov leeg (EMG)
• Kev kuaj mob hlwb thiab kev ntsuam xyuas
• Kev tshuaj xyuas cov kua dej hauv lub hlwb (CSF) (Kev ntsuas qhov txha caj qaum / Kev tho qhov ntawm lub duav)

Muaj tej lub sij hawm, cov kws kho mob yuav tsis nrhiav tau qhov ua rau muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua xua rau cov tshuaj neurotoxicity.

Cov kev kho mob yog dab tsi?

Cov kev xaiv kho mob feem ntau nyob ntawm koj cov tsos mob thiab hom neurotoxin uas ua rau lawv. Kev kho mob feem ntau suav nrog kev tshem tawm lossis txo qhov kev raug cov tshuaj lom, tom qab ntawd kho lossis tswj cov tsos mob .

Kev kwv yees yog dab tsi? (Kev kwv yees)

Qhov kev xav ntawm ib tus neeg uas muaj neurotoxicosis nyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog:

• Hom tshuaj twg uas ua rau lub paj hlwb raug cuam tshuam?
• Muaj pes tsawg qhov kev raug mob?
• Qhov kev raug mob ntawd ntev npaum li cas?
• Muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau npaum li cas rau lub paj hlwb?
• Koj lub hnub nyoog thiab kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho

Kev raug tshuaj lom rau cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Qee zaum, txawm tias qhov kev raug tshuaj lom no yuav ua rau tuag taus los xij, lub paj hlwb yuav tsis zoo tag nrho. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, kev kho mob yuav zoo tag nrho.

Koj yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj qhov no? (Kev tiv thaiv)

Yog hais qhov tseeb, vim tias cov tshuaj no muaj nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, nws nyuaj rau zam lawv tag nrho . Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb yam uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau los txo koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug:

• Nruab ib lub tshuab ntes carbon monoxide hauv koj lub tsev, thiab hloov nws cov roj teeb ib xyoos ib zaug.
• Tsis txhob muab cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev lossis cov tshuaj siv hauv tsev sib xyaw ua ke. Ua li ntawd yuav muaj kev phom sij, txawm tias tuag tau.
• Sim koj lub tsev seb puas muaj lwm yam tshuaj lom uas ua rau mob, xws li cov hlau lead.
• Kaw koj lub qhov rais thaum hnub uas huab cua tsis zoo (huab cua muaj kuab paug ntau).
• Tsis txhob siv tshuaj yeeb thiab cawv.
• Yog koj cev xeeb tub, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog kev raug cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov hlab ntsha thiab nws yuav cuam tshuam li cas rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, kev tiv thaiv koj tus kheej thiab koj tsev neeg ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg no tsis yog koj ib leeg lub luag haujlwm. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm ua ke ntawm tsoomfwv hauv xeev thiab hauv nroog, cov tuam txhab, thiab cov pej xeem. Cov koom haum zoo li Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ib puag ncig (NIEHS) txuas ntxiv tshawb nrhiav seb ib puag ncig thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg cuam tshuam li cas rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tib neeg.

Thaum kawg, tej yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Kev lom ntawm lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam tsos mob. Txawm hais tias nws nyuaj rau zam txhua yam tshuaj lom ntawm lub paj hlwb, muaj qee yam uas koj tuaj yeem ua tau los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej thiab koj tsev neeg. Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, lossis yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev raug cov tshuaj lom ntawm lub paj hlwb, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob. Lawv nyob ntawm no los pab.

Kev lom rau lub paj hlwb, Lub paj hlwb, Cov tshuaj lom, Cov tsos mob, Kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb, Kev tiv thaiv