Koj puas tau xav txog seb peb yuav ua li cas thiaj hnov tsw cov paj zoo nkauj, cov zaub mov qab uas peb niam ua noj, lossis lub ntiaj teb tom qab los nag me ntsis? Tag nrho cov no yog ua tsaug rau ib feem me me tab sis tseem ceeb heev ntawm peb lub cev. Ntawd yog
lub paj hlwb olfactory . Yog li hnub no peb yuav tham txog lub paj hlwb olfactory zoo kawg no, tus phooj ywg no uas pab peb nrog peb txoj kev hnov tsw.
Lub paj hlwb Olfactory yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, koj lub paj hlwb hnov tsw yog koj
lub paj hlwb cranial thawj zaug (Cranial Nerve I lossis CN I) . Nws yog thawj ntawm kaum ob lub paj hlwb tseem ceeb hauv peb lub taub hau. Nws kuj yog ib feem ntawm peb lub
Autonomic Nervous System . Ntawd yog, lub cev uas tswj ntau yam txheej txheem uas tshwm sim ntuj hauv peb lub cev. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub paj hlwb no yog
muab lub peev xwm rau peb hnov tsw . Qhov xav tsis thoob, nws yog
lub paj hlwb luv tshaj plaws hauv peb lub cev. Nws pib hauv peb lub hlwb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub hlwb, thiab tom qab ntawd nws mus ncig thiab txuas mus rau sab saud thiab sab hauv ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Xav txog seb nws ua haujlwm loj npaum li cas, txawm tias nws me me heev!
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub paj hlwb olfactory (CN I) yog dab tsi?
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog nws pab peb txheeb xyuas cov ntxhiab tsw sib txawv, xws li ntxhiab tsw ntawm tshuaj tsw qab, ntxhiab zaub mov, ntxhiab paj. Qhov no tshwm sim li cas? Xav txog, thaum peb hnov ib yam dab tsi, nws ntxiv cov khoom me me, tsis pom (molecules) rau hauv huab cua. Thaum peb ua pa, cov khoom no nkag mus rau hauv peb lub qhov ntswg. Nyob ntawd, ib hom cell tshwj xeeb hauv sab saud ntawm peb lub qhov ntswg, hu ua
olfactory receptors , ntes cov khoom no. Tom qab ntawd cov receptors no xa xov mus rau lub hlwb ntawm cov hlab ntsha olfactory, hais tias, "Nov yog ib qho ntxhiab zoo li no." Thaum ntawd peb nkag siab, "Ah, qhov no yog ntxhiab ntawm paj noob hlis" lossis "Qhov no yog ntxhiab ntawm cov nqaij qaib curry qab."
Peb lub qhov hnov tsw ua haujlwm li cas?
Peb lub cev tsw qab tso cai rau peb hnia ntxhiab hauv ob txoj kev tseem ceeb: 1.
Los ntawm lub qhov ntswg: Raws li tau hais ua ntej, cov khoom me me uas tso tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab nkag mus rau hauv peb lub qhov ntswg thiab ua rau cov receptors tsw qab. Cov receptors no tau ua haujlwm hauv ntau yam kev sib xyaw ua ke, uas tso cai rau peb kom paub qhov txawv thiab txheeb xyuas ntau hom ntxhiab tsw. Xav txog nws zoo li sib tov me ntsis ntawm tib xim yooj yim hauv ntau txoj kev los tsim cov xim sib txawv. 2.
Ntawm tom qab ntawm caj pas: Thaum peb zom zaub mov lossis haus ib qho dej haus, cov ntxhiab tsw hauv cov zaub mov ntawd kuj raug tso tawm. Cov khoom me me no taug kev mus rau peb lub caj pas thiab mus txog cov receptors tsw qab ntawm tom qab ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Yog vim li cas qee zaum peb tuaj yeem hnia ntxhiab zaub mov thaum nws tseem nyob hauv peb lub qhov ncauj.
Olfactory Mucosa thiab nws lub luag haujlwm
Cov kua ntswg uas muaj ntxhiab kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb txoj kev hnov tsw. Nws nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm peb lub qhov ntswg. Daim nyias nyias no muaj ntau hom hlwb sib txawv:
- Cov hlwb uas txais ntxhiab tsw qab: Cov no yog cov hlwb uas ntes tau ntxhiab tsw qab. Cov hlwb no muaj ob txoj kev ua haujlwm: Cov txheej txheem dendritic thawb cov hlwb mus rau cov plaub hau me me ntawm cov mucosa ntxhiab tsw qab, ua rau cov hlwb ntxhiab tsw qab. Cov txheej txheem hauv nruab nrab thawb cov hlwb mus rau sab nraud.
- Cov hlwb Sustentacular: Cov no ua haujlwm txhawb nqa cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig.
- Cov hlwb basal: Ob qho tib si olfactory receptor cells thiab cov hlwb txhawb nqa yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb basal no.
Lub cev ntawm cov hlab ntsha olfactory yog dab tsi?
Peb lub paj hlwb hnov tsw, tsis zoo li lwm cov paj hlwb cranial, yog ib qho ntawm ob lub paj hlwb uas pib ncaj qha los ntawm peb
lub cerebrum , qhov loj sab saud ntawm lub hlwb. (Lwm qhov yog lub paj hlwb optic, lub paj hlwb cranial thib ob uas pab peb pom.) Feem ntau ntawm lwm cov paj hlwb cranial pib hauv qhov qis ntawm lub hlwb,
lub brainstem . Cov fibers ntawm lub paj hlwb hnov tsw taug kev luv luv kom mus txog
lub qhov ncauj ntxhiab ntawm sab saum toj ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Ua ntej mus txog lub qhov ncauj ntxhiab, cov paj hlwb fibers hla dhau ib pob txha hauv peb lub pob txha taub hau hu ua
cribriform plate . Qhov no yog ib lub pob txha spongy, lub teeb. Qhov no yog qhov sib cais thaj chaw nyob ib puag ncig peb lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub hlwb.
Yog tias cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub qhov ncauj tsis ua haujlwm zoo, yuav muaj cov tsos mob dab tsi tshwm sim?
Tej yam teeb meem uas cuam tshuam rau peb lub cev hnov ntxhiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam tsos mob. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi:
- Anosmia: Qhov no yog qhov tsis hnov tsw kiag li . Ib qho mob uas koj tsis hnov tsw dab tsi li.
- Dysosmia (tseem hu ua phantosmia): Qhov no yog kev xav txog cov ntxhiab tsw tsis zoo, tsis zoo, lossis txawv txawv yam tsis muaj laj thawj pom tseeb. Nws tuaj yeem yog ntxhiab kub hnyiab lossis ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab tsw phem.
- Hyposmia: Qhov no yog qhov tsis hnov tsw ntxhiab zoo . Cov ntxhiab uas yav dhau los hnov zoo tam sim no tsis tshua hnov lawm.
- Parosmia: Qhov no yog qhov tsis hnov tsw ntxhiab . Piv txwv li, koj yuav hnov tsw ntxhiab zaub mov uas koj paub, tshuaj lom neeg, lossis ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab. Xav txog seb koj yuav chim siab npaum li cas yog tias koj cov zaub mov nyiam tsw txawv.
Tej yam mob twg yuav cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb olfactory?
Muaj ntau yam mob thiab lwm yam uas cuam tshuam rau peb txoj hlab ntsha uas hnov ntxhiab. Ib txhia ntawm lawv suav nrog:
- Kab mob sinus thiab polyps ntawm qhov ntswg .
- Luam yeebKev siv luam yeeb (luam yeeb, beedis, thiab lwm yam).
- Kev noj qab haus huv ntawm qhov ncauj thiab hniav tsis zoo (Kev tu cev hniav tsis zoo) .
- Kev raug tshuaj lom neeg ib puag ncig thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg xws li tshuaj tua kab .
- Kev raug mob taub hau loj heev, suav nrog kev raug mob taub hau loj heev, yog cov mob uas lub hlwb raug ntaus hnyav heev.
- Qee cov tshuaj, piv txwv li tshuaj tua kab mob .
- Tus kab mob ' SARS-CoV-2' uas ua rau muaj tus kab mob coronavirus ( COVID-19 ) yog ib yam uas peb txhua tus tau hnov txog.
- Mob qog noj ntshav hauv taub hau thiab caj dab .
- Kab mob ntshav qab zib (Diabetes Mellitus) .
- Kab mob Alzheimer .
- Mob qog hauv hlwb .
- Kab mob Parkinson .
- Kab mob qaug dab peg .
Tseem Ceeb: Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qhov poob lossis txo qis kev hnov ntxhiab tsw qee zaum tuaj yeem yog ib qho tsos mob ntawm tus mob hnyav dua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nws yog tias koj ntsib qee yam zoo li no.
COVID-19 cuam tshuam li cas rau peb txoj kev hnov tsw ntxhiab?
Tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov tias kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg uas tau txais COVID-19 poob lawv qhov kev hnov tsw. Cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom sim xam seb vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim. Tab sis ib qho ua tau yog tias cov kab mob kis xws li SARS-CoV-2 yuav ua rau peb cov hlwb receptor olfactory puas tsuaj. Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias feem ntau cov neeg rov qab tau lawv qhov kev hnov tsw. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau lub hlis. Qhov tseem ceeb yog ua siab ntev.
Peb ua tau dab tsi los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem ntsig txog lub paj hlwb olfactory?
Yog hais qhov tseeb, nws nyuaj rau tiv thaiv cov teebmeem ntawm qee yam mob hlwb, xws li qog hauv hlwb, rau peb txoj kev hnov tsw. Lawv yog cov khoom uas peb tswj tsis tau. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov khoom uas peb tuaj yeem tswj thiab sim tiv thaiv:
- Tsis txhob ua tej yam txaus ntshai uas ua rau lub hlwb raug mob.
- Tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob COVID-19 .
- Yog tias koj ua haujlwm nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg, hnav lub npog ntsej muag los tiv thaiv koj lub qhov ntswg .
- Yog koj haus luam yeeb (luam yeeb, vaping), tsum tsis txhob siv lawv lawm .
- Txhuam hniav thiab siv xov txhuam hniav txhua hnubUa kom muaj tus cwj pwm zoo rau kev tu cev qhov ncauj xws li siv xov hniav los ntxuav hniav.
- Yog tias koj muaj lwm yam mob (piv txwv li ntshav qab zib) uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau koj lub cev tsw ntxhiab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom kho lawv kom zoo .
- Tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm kev raug mob xws li kev raug mob taub hau los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv xws li lub kaus mom hlau thaum ua si kis las.
Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog cov hlab ntsha olfactory?
Yog koj pom ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho mob:
- Yog tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm txoj kev uas tej yam tsw ntxhiab .
- Yog tias koj cia li poob koj txoj kev hnov tsw .
- Yog koj muaj ntxhiab tsw phem, tsw tsis zoo tsis muaj laj thawj.
Vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb rau kev nrhiav kev pab kho mob?
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab tswv yim los ntawm kws kho mob txog cov tsos mob no, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb. Piv txwv li:
- Tej zaum koj yuav raug ntxias kom noj ntau dhau los yog noj tsawg dhau vim koj tsis hnov tsw zaub mov .
- Nws yooj yim heev uas yuav pom tsis tau tej yam txaus ntshai xws li roj xau, pa luam yeeb los ntawm hluav taws, lossis zaub mov lwj. Xav txog tej roj xau hauv koj lub tsev, tab sis nws yuav txaus ntshai npaum li cas yog tias koj tsis hnov tsw nws.
Thaum kawg, tej yam uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov
Yog li, koj tam sim no paub tias Olfactory Nerve yog peb thawj lub paj hlwb cranial (CN I), thiab tias lub paj hlwb no tseem ceeb rau peb lub cev olfactory thiab kev hnov tsw. Lub paj hlwb no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam mob xws li COVID-19, Diabetes Mellitus, thiab Alzheimer's tus kab mob.
Yog tias koj muaj kev tsis xis nyob lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm koj qhov kev hnov tsw, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob. Nws tuaj yeem qhia koj seb qhov mob yuav rov qab zoo li qub lossis nws puas yuav rov qab zoo li qub. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhia koj txog yuav ua li cas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab noj qab haus huv txawm tias koj tsis hnov tsw.
Txhua feem ntawm peb lub cev muaj nqis, yog li nws yog peb lub luag haujlwm los saib xyuas txhua yam.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment