Cia peb kawm ntxiv txog mob ntsws. Tsis txhob ntshai, cia peb tham!

Thaum koj hnov ​​lo lus mob ntsws (pneumonia), tej zaum koj yuav ntshai me ntsis, puas yog? Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas koj yuav ntshai me ntsis thaum koj hnov ​​tej yam zoo li no: hnoos qeev hauv siab, ua pa nyuaj . Tab sis hnub no, cia peb tham yooj yim thiab ua siab zoo txog qhov tseeb tias mob ntsws yog dab tsi, vim li cas nws thiaj tshwm sim, yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob muaj nws, thiab yuav ua li cas yog tias nws tshwm sim.

Mob ntsws yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, mob ntsws yog kev kis kab mob rau koj lub ntsws. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob bacteria, cov kab mob virus, lossis qee zaum fungi. Kev kis kab mob no ua rau koj cov nqaij ntsws o, uas hu ua o . Tom qab ntawd lub ntsws tuaj yeem puv nrog cov kua dej, xws li dej , lossis kua qaub.

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Kab mob ntsws feem ntau hnyav dua li kab mob ntsws los ntawm cov kab mob viral. Kab mob ntsws los ntawm cov kab mob viral feem ntau yuav ploj mus nws tus kheej.

Kab mob ntsws tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau ib lub ntsws xwb, lossis nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ob lub ntsws. Thaum nws cuam tshuam rau ob lub ntsws, peb hu nws ua mob ntsws ob sab lossis mob ntsws ob sab .

Kab mob ntsws ua li cas thiaj tshwm sim? Muaj pes tsawg hom kab mob?

Qhov txawv ntawm mob ntsws los ntawm cov kab mob thiab mob ntsws los ntawm cov kab mob yog dab tsi?

Xav txog seb, txawm hais tias mob ntsws (pneumonia) yog tib yam kab mob los xij, cov tsos mob yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm seb ua rau mob li cas (xws li kab mob, kab mob, lossis pwm).

Kab mob ntsws uas kis los ntawm cov kab mob yog hom kab mob ntsws uas kis ntau tshaj plaws, thiab nws tuaj yeem hnyav dua me ntsis. Thaum qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob. Cov kws kho mob muab tshuaj tua kab mob rau qhov no.

Kab mob ntsws ua rau muaj cov tsos mob zoo li kub taub hau thiab mob khaub thuas. Feem ntau, nws ploj mus yam tsis tas kho tshwj xeeb.

Cov hom mob ntsws tseem ceeb

Kab mob ntsws (pneumonia) raug faib ua pawg los ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj (piv txwv li, tus kab mob, cov kab mob bacteria, cov pwm) thiab los ntawm qhov chaw koj tau txais nws los, piv txwv li, hauv zej zog, hauv tsev kho mob, lossis siv lub tshuab ua pa.

Kab mob ntsws uas kis tau los ntawm zej zog (CAP)

Yog koj mob ntsws sab nraum chaw kho mob, xws li hauv tsev lossis ua haujlwm, nws hu ua mob ntsws hauv zej zog (CAP). Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm:

• Cov kab mob: Cov kab mob Streptococcus pneumoniae (tseem hu ua kab mob pneumococcal) yog qhov ua rau mob CAP. Cov kab mob no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau mob pob ntseg, mob sinus , thiab mob meningitis. Mob ntsws los ntawm cov kab mob Mycoplasma pneumoniae feem ntau tsis hnyav heev. Cov kab mob Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, thiab Legionella (Legionnaires' kab mob) kuj ua rau mob CAP.
• Cov Kab Mob: Cov kab mob xws li mob khaub thuas , mob khaub thuas loj, COVID -19 , thiab RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) qee zaum tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws.
• Cov pwm/pwm: Cov pwm xws li 'Cryptococcus', 'Pneumocystis jirovecii' thiab 'Coccidioides' tsis tshua ua rau mob ntsws. Cov neeg uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog muaj feem yuav mob ntsws ntau dua los ntawm cov pwm.
• Protozoa : Tsis tshua muaj, cov protozoa zoo li Toxoplasma kuj tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws.

Kab mob ntsws uas kis tau los ntawm tsev kho mob (HAP)

Yog koj mob ntsws thaum koj nyob hauv tsev kho mob rau lwm yam mob lossis phais mob, nws hu ua mob ntsws uas kis los ntawm tsev kho mob (HAP). Nws tuaj yeem mob hnyav dua li mob ntsws uas kis los ntawm zej zog. Qhov no yog vim nws feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob uas tiv taus tshuaj tua kab mob, xws li MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus). Qhov no txhais tau tias HAP tuaj yeem ua rau koj mob hnyav dua thiab nyuaj rau koj zoo dua.

Kab mob ntsws uas cuam tshuam nrog kev kho mob (HCAP)

Hom kab mob ntsws no tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum nyob hauv ib lub tsev laus, xws li tsev laus, lossis thaum lub sijhawm kho mob ntev hauv ib qho chaw kho mob sab nraud. Ib yam li kab mob ntsws uas tau los ntawm tsev kho mob, nws feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob uas tiv taus cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Kab mob ntsws uas cuam tshuam nrog lub tshuab ua pa (VAP)

Yog tias koj yuav tsum siv lub tshuab ua pa lossis lub tshuab ua pa los pab koj ua pa hauv tsev kho mob (feem ntau hauv chav kho mob hnyav - ICU), koj muaj feem yuav mob VAP. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau mob ntsws hauv zej zog, nrog rau cov kab mob tiv thaiv tshuaj uas ua rau mob ntsws hauv tsev kho mob.

Kab mob ntsws los ntawm kev nqus pa (mob ntsws los ntawm cov khoom noj lossis cov kua dej nkag mus rau hauv txoj hlab pa)

Qhov no txawv me ntsis. Thaum ib yam dab tsi xws li khoom noj, kua dej, qaub ncaug, lossis ntuav mus rau hauv koj lub qhov ntswg (windpipe) mus rau hauv koj lub ntsws, qhov ntawd hu ua aspiration. Yog tias koj hnoos tsis tau, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob hauv koj lub ntsws thiab ua rau mob ntsws.

Puas yog mob ntsws, mob khaub thuas, lossis mob ntsws loj? Koj paub tseeb li cas?

Qee zaum, cov tsos mob ntawm mob khaub thuas, mob ntsws, thiab mob ntsws yuav zoo sib xws, ua rau nws nyuaj rau qhia qhov txawv. Tsuas yog kws kho mob thiaj li qhia tau koj tias mob dab tsi. Mob ntsws tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus , yog li koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob loj no:

• Mob hauv siab los yog mob.
• Ua pa nyuaj .
• Kub taub hau txog 38.88 degrees Celsius (102 Fahrenheit) lossis siab dua.
• Cov kua qaub ncaug daj, ntsuab, los yog ntshav tawm.

Leej twg muaj feem yuav mob ntsws ntau dua?

Cov neeg hauv qab no muaj feem yuav mob ntsws ntau dua me ntsis:

• Cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos thiab cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos.
• Cov neeg uas muaj kab mob ntsws lossis kab mob plawv , xws li cystic fibrosis, hawb pob, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, lossis sarcoidosis.
• Cov neeg uas muaj mob hlwb uas ua rau nyuaj rau nqos. Cov mob xws li dementia, Parkinson's disease, thiab stroke muaj feem yuav mob ntsws los ntawm kev nqus pa.
• Cov neeg nyob hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw saib xyuas mus sij hawm ntev.
• Cov neeg uas haus luam yeeb.
• Cov niam cev xeeb tub.
• Cov neeg uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog. Yog tias koj tab tom kho mob qog noj ntshav, tau hloov lub cev, muaj HIV/AIDS, lossis noj tshuaj uas ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog, koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsis muaj zog.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntsws yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws sib txawv nyob ntawm seb ua rau mob li cas. Cov tsos mob yuav txawv ntawm qhov tsis hnyav mus rau qhov hnyav. Cov tsos mob yuav txawv rau cov menyuam mos, cov menyuam yaus, thiab cov neeg laus.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws tuaj yeem tshwm sim qeeb qeeb lossis sai sai. Cov no yog cov tsos mob tseem ceeb:

• Kub taub hau heev (tuaj yeem nce mus txog 40.55 degrees Celsius lossis 105 degrees Fahrenheit).
• Hnoos nrog cov hnoos qeev daj, ntsuab, lossis ntshav
• Qaug zog.
• Ua pa sai.
• Ua tsis taus pa.
• Lub plawv dhia nce ntxiv.
• Tawm hws los yog txias thiab kub taub hau (ua daus).
• Mob hauv siab thiab/lossis mob plab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum hnoos lossis ua pa tob tob.
• Cov zaub mov tsis qab.
• Xim xiav ntawm daim tawv nqaij, daim di ncauj, lossis rau tes (cyanosis).
• Kev tsis meej pem lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm lub hlwb.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws (viral pneumonia)

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws feem ntau tshwm sim li ob peb hnub. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li cov kab mob ntsws, lossis koj kuj tseem yuav muaj:

• Hnoos qhuav.
• Mob taub hau.
• Mob nqaij.
• Qaug zog heev los yog tsis muaj zog.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntsws (pneumonia) hauv cov menyuam yaus

Cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam mos uas tseem me me yuav tsis muaj tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntsws, lossis lawv cov tsos mob yuav txawv ntawm cov neeg laus. Nrhiav tej yam xws li:

• Kub taub hau, mob khaub thuas, tsis xis nyob, hws/tawv nqaij liab.
• Hnoos.
• Ua pa nyuaj los yog ua pa sai (tachypnea).
• Cov zaub mov tsis qab.
• Ntuav.
• Tsis muaj zog.
• Tsis so lossis quaj ntau zaus.

Koj kuj tseem yuav pom cov cim no rau cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus:

• Nws suab zoo li lub suab snoring thaum koj ua pa.
• Tus naj npawb ntawm kev tso zis txo qis, lossis tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntub txo qis.
• Daim tawv nqaij yuav daj ntseg.
• Lub cev tab tom poob nws txoj sia.
• Quaj ntau dua li niaj zaus.
• Tsis kam haus mis nyuj/noj zaub mov.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntsws (pneumonia) rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoo

Cov neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos lossis cov neeg uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog yuav muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntsws tsis hnyav lossis tsawg dua (xws li hnoos thiab ua tsis taus pa). Lawv kuj tseem yuav muaj cov tsos mob hnyav dua ntawm lwm yam mob ntev. Cov neeg laus yuav muaj:

• Kev hloov pauv sai sai hauv lub xeev kev xav.
• Cov zaub mov tsis qab.
• Nkees lawm.

Dab tsi ua rau mob ntsws?

Mob ntsws (pneumonia) tshwm sim thaum koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam cov hnab cua me me (alveoli) hauv koj lub ntsws thaum muaj kev kis kab mob. Qhov no ua rau lub ntsws o thiab xau kua dej.

Muaj ntau hom kab mob bacteria, viruses, thiab fungi uas ua rau muaj kab mob ua rau mob ntsws. Cov kab mob yog cov ua rau mob ntsws tseem ceeb rau cov neeg laus , thiab cov kab mob yog cov ua rau mob ntsws tseem ceeb rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv . Nov yog qee yam kab mob uas feem ntau ua rau mob ntsws:

• Mob khaub thuas (rhinovirus)
• Covid-19 (`SARS-COV-2`)
• Kab mob khaub thuas
• Kab mob metapneumovirus tib neeg (HMPV - kab mob metapneumovirus tib neeg)
• Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV)
• Kab mob Legionnaires
• Cov kab mob Mycoplasma pneumonia
• Kab mob ntsws
• Kab mob ntsws pneumocystis
• Kab mob ua pa syncytial (RSV)

Puas yog mob ntsws (pneumonia) kis tau?

Qhov tseeb, mob ntsws nws tus kheej tsis yog kis tau . Tab sis cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob uas ua rau nws sib kis tau . Xav txog nws li no: kub taub hau yog ib yam kab mob sib kis uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas kub taub hau yuav mob ntsws.

Cov kab mob Streptococcus pneumoniae, uas feem ntau ua rau mob ntsws, tuaj yeem kis tau ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus los ntawm kev kov cov chaw uas muaj kab mob lossis los ntawm cov tee dej uas tso tawm thaum tus neeg mob hnoos lossis txham.

Kab mob ntsws uas muaj cov pwm tsis sib kis tau. Cov kab mob pwm tsis kis tau ntawm ib tus neeg mus rau lwm tus zoo li cov kab mob virus lossis cov kab mob bacteria.

Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob ntsws li cas? (Kev kuaj mob)

Yuav kom paub seb koj puas muaj mob ntsws (pneumonia), tus kws kho mob yuav nug txog koj cov tsos mob thiab kuaj lub cev. Lawv yuav mloog koj lub ntsws nrog lub stethoscope, thiab kuj tseem yuav ua lwm yam kev kuaj. Qhov no yuav suav nrog kev thaij duab (xws li kev thaij duab X-ray hauv siab), kev ntsuas pulse oximetry (kuaj xyuas qib oxygen hauv koj cov ntshav), kev kuaj ntshav, lossis kev kuaj hnoos qeev.

Tseem Ceeb: Txawm tias tus kws kho mob lees paub tias koj muaj mob ntsws los xij, qee zaum lawv yuav tsis nrhiav tau qhov ua rau mob.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj kuaj tau qhov no?

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua kev kuaj mob los xyuas koj lub ntsws seb puas muaj cov cim qhia tias koj lub ntsws ua haujlwm zoo li cas, thiab kuaj cov ntshav lossis lwm cov kua dej hauv lub cev kom nrhiav tau qhov ua rau koj mob ntsws, xws li:

• Kev Thaij Duab: Kev thaij duab X-ray lossis CT scan hauv siab tuaj yeem ua tau los nrhiav cov cim ntawm kev kis kab mob ntsws.
• Kev kuaj ntshav: Kev kuaj ntshav tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb hom kab mob twg ua rau koj mob ntsws.
• Kev kuaj hnoos qeev: Koj yuav raug hais kom hnoos qeev thiab muab qee cov hnoos qeev rau hauv ib lub thawv. Nws yuav raug xa mus rau chav kuaj mob kom pom seb puas muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj kev kis kab mob thiab dab tsi ua rau nws.
• Kev ntsuas pa oxygen hauv koj cov ntshav: Ib lub sensor siv los ntsuas qhov ntau ntawm cov pa oxygen hauv koj cov ntshav. Qhov no tuaj yeem muab rau koj tus kws kho mob lub tswv yim ntawm seb koj lub ntsws ua haujlwm zoo npaum li cas.
• Kev kuaj kab mob hauv cov kua hauv lub ntsws: Ib qho qauv ntawm cov kua dej nyob ib puag ncig koj lub ntsws raug coj los ntawm kev siv ib rab koob nyias thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj mob kom nrhiav qhov ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob.
• Kev kuaj roj ntshav hauv cov hlab ntsha: Yuav muab cov ntshav los ntawm koj lub dab teg, caj npab, lossis qhov chaw mos los ntsuas qib oxygen hauv koj cov ntshav. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb koj lub ntsws ua haujlwm zoo npaum li cas.
• Kev Siv Lub Tshuab Ntsuas Pa: Qee zaum, tus kws kho mob yuav siv ib lub raj nyias nyias uas muaj teeb ci hu ua lub tshuab ntsuas pa los saib sab hauv lub ntsws. Lawv kuj tseem yuav coj cov qauv nqaij lossis cov kua dej mus kuaj hauv chav kuaj mob.

Yuav kho tus mob ntsws li cas?

Kev kho mob rau mob ntsws nyob ntawm seb ua rau mob li cas (kab mob bacterial, viral, fungal) thiab koj tus mob hnyav npaum li cas. Vim tias feem ntau tsis paub meej tias yog vim li cas, kev kho mob yog tsom mus rau kev tswj cov tsos mob thiab tiv thaiv koj tus mob kom tsis txhob hnyav zuj zus.

Tej zaum yuav muaj kev kho mob xws li:

• Tshuaj tua kab mob: Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog muab rau cov kab mob ntsws uas kis los ntawm cov kab mob. Lawv tsis ua haujlwm tawm tsam cov kab mob, tab sis tus kws kho mob yuav muab rau lawv yog tias koj muaj kev kis kab mob nrog rau cov kab mob.
• Cov tshuaj tua kab mob fungal: Cov tshuaj no yog muab rau kev mob ntsws uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev kis kab mob fungal.
• Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob: Feem ntau tus kab mob ntsws uas kis los ntawm tus kab mob no tsis tas yuav kho, thiab nws tuaj yeem ploj mus nws tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau kom txo qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav ntawm koj tus mob yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li oseltamivir (Tamiflu®), zanamivir (Relenza®), lossis peramivir (Rapivab®).
• Kev kho mob oxygen: Yog tias koj tsis tau txais oxygen txaus, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem muab oxygen ntxiv rau koj los ntawm ib lub raj tso rau hauv koj lub qhov ntswg lossis ib lub npog ntsej muag tso rau ntawm koj lub ntsej muag.
• Cov kua dej uas txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IV fluids): Cov kua uas muab ncaj qha rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IV) tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lossis kho qhov qhuav dej.
• Tshem tawm cov kua dej: Yog tias koj muaj ntau cov kua dej ntawm koj lub ntsws thiab phab ntsa hauv siab (pleural effusion), tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem tshem tawm nws. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv catheter lossis phais.

Puas yog mob ntsws (pneumonia) kho tau nws tus kheej?

Kab mob ntsws los ntawm tus kab mob viral feem ntau yuav ploj mus, tab sis koj yuav tsum ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom kho cov tsos mob thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem loj.

Tej yam koj ua tau hauv tsev kom txo tau cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntsws

Cov no tuaj yeem pab koj kom koj zoo siab dua thiab tswj tau cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob ntsws:

• Cov tshuaj tua mob thiab tshuaj txo qhov kub taub hau: Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj xws li ibuprofen (Advil®) thiab acetaminophen ( paracetamol (Panadol) ®) rau mob lub cev thiab kub taub hau.
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnoos: Nug koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej noj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hnoos rau mob ntsws, vim tias hnoos yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom lub ntsws huv.
• Kev kho mob thiab kev tawm dag zog ua pa: Koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau cov kev kho mob no kom cov hnoos qeev tawm thiab ua kom ua pa yooj yim dua.
• Siv lub tshuab ua kom noo noo:Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom muaj lub tshuab ua kom noo noo me me ze koj lub txaj lossis da dej nrog lub tshuab ua pa sov. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab koj ua pa tau yooj yim dua.
• Haus dej ntau.

Kuv yuav zoo dua sai npaum li cas tom qab pib kho mob?

Koj rov zoo sai npaum li cas nyob ntawm cov no:

• koj lub hnub nyoog.
• Qhov ua rau koj mob ntsws.
• Qhov hnyav ntawm tus mob ntsws.
• Txawm koj muaj lwm yam mob lossis teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.

Yog tias koj feem ntau noj qab nyob zoo, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob ntsws yuav tsum pib zoo dua hauv 24 txog 48 teev tom qab pib kho mob . Koj yuav zoo dua hauv ob peb hnub tom qab kho mob ntsws los ntawm tus kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov tsos mob, xws li hnoos thiab qaug zog, yuav kav ntev li ob peb lub lis piam.

Ib tug neeg uas muaj mob ntsws yuav kis tau rau lwm tus tau ntev npaum li cas tom qab nws zoo lawm?

Yog koj muaj mob ntsws los ntawm cov kab mob bacterial pneumonia, ces suav tias koj tsis kis tau lwm tus lawm thaum koj qhov kub taub hau ploj mus thiab koj tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob tsawg kawg yog ob hnub . Yog koj muaj mob ntsws los ntawm cov kab mob viral pneumonia, koj tseem tuaj yeem kis tau lwm tus kom txog thaum koj zoo dua thiab tsis kub taub hau li ob peb hnub.

Koj yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob ntsws?

Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws yog mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob uas feem ntau ua rau mob ntsws. Kuj tseem muaj cov cwj pwm kev noj qab haus huv uas koj tuaj yeem ua raws li txhua hnub kom txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntsws.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws

Muaj ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tiv thaiv tau kab mob ntsws uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob pneumococcal. Ib yam li tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no tsis tiv thaiv txhua hom kab mob ntsws. Tab sis yog tias koj mob, nws yuav tsis hnyav heev.

• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pneumococcal: Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv cov kab mob pneumonia. Cov no yog cov tshuaj uas pom zoo rau cov hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb thiab cov neeg uas muaj feem yuav mob pneumonia. Nug koj tus kws kho mob seb cov tshuaj twg yog cov zoo rau koj lossis cov neeg koj hlub.
• Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob: Vim tias qee cov kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws, kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv COVID-19 thiab mob khaub thuas (mob ntsws) tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntsws.
• Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau menyuam yaus: Yog tias koj muaj menyuam, nug lawv tus kws kho mob txog lwm yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas lawv yuav tsum tau txhaj. Muaj ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau menyuam yaus pab tiv thaiv cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob uas ua rau mob ntsws.

Lwm txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm kev mob ntsws

Ntxiv rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov cwj pwm noj qab haus huv no tuaj yeem pab koj txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntsws thiab kis tus kab mob:

• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab tsis txhob raug pa luam yeeb ntawm lwm tus. Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau koj lub ntsws puas tsuaj thiab ua rau koj muaj feem kis tau kab mob ntau ntxiv.
• Ntxuav koj txhais tes kom huv si nrog xab npum thiab dej ua ntej noj mov, ua ntej npaj zaub mov, thiab tom qab siv chav dej. Siv xab npum lossis tshuaj ntxuav tes uas muaj cawv.
• Yog tias koj lossis lwm tus neeg muaj mob sib kis xws li kub taub hau, mob khaub thuas, lossis COVID-19, zam kev nyob ze nrog lawv thiab siv lawv cov khoom.
• Yog tias koj yuav tsum tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob lossis lwm qhov chaw kho mob, tsis txhob ntshai nug koj cov kws kho mob seb yuav ua li cas thiaj txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob thaum koj nyob ntawd.
• Noj zaub mov kom zoo, tawm dag zog, thiab so kom txaus.
• Tau txais kev kho mob rau lwm yam kab mob lossis tej yam mob uas koj muaj. Cov mob no tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog thiab ua rau koj muaj feem mob ntsws.
• Tsis txhob haus cawv ntau dhau.

Yog tias muaj mob ntsws (pneumonia) ces yuav muaj teeb meem dab tsi tshwm sim?

Mob ntsws muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj teeb meem loj heev uas yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob. Cov no suav nrog:

• Ua pa nyuaj: Mob ntsws tuaj yeem ua rau ua pa tsis tau lossis mob hu ua 'ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome)'.
• Cov kua dej sib sau ua ke nyob ib puag ncig lub ntsws (pleural effusion).
• Cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav ('bacteremia') lossis 'sepsis': Cov kab mob uas ua rau mob ntsws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav thiab kis tus kab mob mus rau lwm cov kabmob, ua rau sepsis lossis ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov kabmob.
• Kab mob ntsws: Kab mob ntsws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov qhov hauv cov ntsws.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob vim yog mob ntsws?

Yog koj muaj mob ntsws hnyav lossis muaj teeb meem, tej zaum koj yuav tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob kom tau kev kho mob. Koj yuav muaj feem ntau dua yuav tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob yog tias koj:

• Yog koj hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos lossis hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos.
• Yog tias lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog.
• Yog koj muaj tej yam mob uas cuam tshuam rau lub plawv thiab lub ntsws.

Nco ntsoov: Yog tias koj raug mob ntsws, nws yuav siv sijhawm li rau txog yim lub lis piam kom rov qab zoo li qub.

Tej yam koj ua tau kom tau kev pab thaum koj muaj mob ntsws (pneumonia)

Nov yog qee yam uas koj ua tau kom koj lub cev zoo dua thaum koj mob ntsws (pneumonia):

• Tswj koj cov tsos mob raws li koj tus kws kho mob pom zoo.
• Noj tag nrho cov tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg raws li tau sau tseg, rau lub sijhawm tag nrho . Tsis txhob tsum noj tshuaj tua kab mob tsuas yog vim koj xav tias zoo dua. Noj lawv kom txog thaum koj noj tag nrho cov tshuaj. Yog tias koj tsis noj tag nrho cov tshuaj, koj tus mob ntsws yuav rov qab los.
• Noj cov tshuaj txo qhov kub (xws li aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, lossis naproxen) raws li tau qhia nyob rau ntawm daim ntawv lo. Tsis txhob muab aspirin rau menyuam yaus.
• So kom txaus.

Yog tias muaj lub sijhawm twg koj xav tias qhov mob zuj zus tuaj, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Cov cim qhia tias mob ntsws zoo lawm yog dab tsi?

Thaum koj pib zoo los ntawm kev mob ntsws, koj qhov kub taub hau yuav rov qab mus rau qhov qub ua ntej. Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav pom tias koj cov hnoos qeev txo qis. Kev xav tias koj tuaj yeem ua qee yam ntawm koj cov dej num ib txwm yog ib qho cim zoo uas koj tab tom zoo.

Thaum twg kuv thiaj mus ua haujlwm lossis mus kawm ntawv tau tom qab muaj mob ntsws?

Yog tias koj cov tsos mob ploj mus, tsis hnyav zuj zus, lossis zoo dua, koj tuaj yeem rov ua koj cov dej num ib txwm tshwj tsis yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob tshiab lossis cov tsos mob hnyav zuj zus no:

• Ua tsis taus pa lossis qaug zog (tsis muaj zog).
• Mob hauv siab.
• Hnoos qeev, kub taub hau, los yog hnoos.

Yog tias koj feem ntau noj qab nyob zoo, feem ntau cov neeg xav tias lawv noj qab nyob zoo txaus kom rov qab mus ua lawv cov dej num qub li ntawm ib lub lim tiam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav siv sijhawm txog ib hlis kom rov zoo tag nrho.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj twb mob lawm, muaj lwm yam mob ntev, lossis yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob tshiab zoo li cov no, lossis yog tias koj cov tsos mob uas twb muaj lawm zuj zus tuaj:

• Ua pa nyuaj.
• Kub taub hau los yog hnoos nrog cov hnoos qeev.
• Qaug zog.
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm kev noj mov (xav tias noj tsawg dua).

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus rau chav kho mob ceev?

Yog li no, mus rau chav kho mob ceev tam sim ntawd, lossis hu rau 1990:

• Yog tias koj ua pa nyuaj, lossis yog tias koj xav tias tsis muaj pa txawm tias tsuas yog sawv ntsug xwb los xij.
• Tsis ua li cas yog tias koj mob hauv siab tshiab los yog qhov mob uas twb muaj lawm zuj zus tuaj.
• Yog koj xav tias tsis meej pem lossis xav tsis meej.

Koj puas tuaj yeem mob ntsws (pneumonia) yam tsis muaj kub taub hau?

Yog, txawm hais tias mob ntsws feem ntau muaj nrog kub taub hau los xij, nws muaj peev xwm ua rau mob ntsws nrog lossis tsis muaj kub taub hau me me . Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg uas:

• Rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoo lossis hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yaus).
• Rau cov neeg uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog.

Puas muaj qhov txawv ntawm txoj kev kho mob ntsws (pneumonia) rau cov menyuam yaus?

Feem ntau tsis muaj qhov txawv loj ntawm txoj kev kho mob ntsws rau cov menyuam yaus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov menyuam yaus muaj feem yuav mob ntsws hnyav dua thiab yuav tsum tau mus pw hauv tsev kho mob ntau dua li cov neeg laus.

Vim tias mob ntsws muaj ntau yam ua rau thiab cov tsos mob sib txawv, nws tuaj yeem ua rau koj xav tsis meej me ntsis. Nws kuj yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas koj ntshai thaum koj xav tias koj cov tsos mob puas yog qhov qhia txog qee yam loj dua. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej cov tsos mob xws li kub taub hau heev, ntshav lossis cov hnoos qeev xim txawv txawv, mob hauv siab, lossis ua pa nyuaj. Koj lub cev tab tom qhia koj tias muaj qee yam tsis raug, yog li tsis txhob ncua sijhawm nrhiav kev kho mob.

Ib Zaj Lus Qhia Txog Kev Yuav Khoom Mus Tsev Rau Koj

Mob ntsws yog ib yam mob uas qee zaum yuav loj heev. Tab sis yog koj paub zoo thiab kho mob raws sijhawm, koj feem ntau yuav rov zoo . Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog paub txog cov tsos mob thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb.

• Kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws: mus txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, ua raws li kev noj qab haus huv.
• Ceev faj txog cov tsos mob: tshwj xeeb yog kub taub hau, hnoos, thiab ua pa nyuaj.
• Ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia: Noj koj cov tshuaj raws nraim li tau qhia, rau lub sijhawm tag nrho.
• Kev so yog qhov tseem ceeb: Muab sijhawm rau koj lub cev kom kho.

Yog koj lossis ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj lus nug ntxiv txog mob ntsws, tsis txhob ntshai tham nrog kws kho mob. Lawv yuav pab koj.