Koj tus menyuam puas muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv? Cia peb kawm txog dyslexia.

Qee zaum peb cov menyuam muaj teeb meem me ntsis nrog kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, puas yog? Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tej yam xws li kev nyeem ntawv. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tus menyuam qis dua lwm tus menyuam hauv kev nyeem ntawv, nws yuav muaj tus mob hu ua dyslexia. Cia peb tham txog qhov no yooj yim, puas yog?

Dyslexia yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, dyslexia yog ib qho kev tsis taus kawm. Tab sis nws puas yog ib qho zoo ? Ib tug me nyuam uas muaj kev tsis taus kawm muaj teeb meem me ntsis nkag siab thiab siv cov lus, cov ntawv, thiab qee zaum cov lej. Muaj ntau hom kev tsis taus kawm zoo li no. Yog li ntawd, yog tias ib tug me nyuam tab tom sim ua haujlwm hnyav thiab mob siab kawm, tab sis muaj teeb meem kawm nyeem ntawv, qhov ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua dyslexia. Qhov tseem ceeb yog, qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias koj tus me nyuam tsis ntse. Lawv yuav ntse heev, tab sis tsuas yog nyeem ntawv xwb yuav nyuaj.

Dab tsi ua rau muaj dyslexia?

Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, dyslexia tsis yog ib yam kab mob. Nws yog ib yam mob uas ib tug neeg yug los nrog. Feem ntau, yog tias ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg muaj tus mob no, nws kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus. Cov neeg uas muaj dyslexia tsis yog neeg ruam, thiab lawv kuj tsis yog neeg tub nkeeg. Cov neeg feem coob muaj kev txawj ntse nruab nrab lossis siab dua. Lawv ua haujlwm hnyav heev los kov yeej lawv qhov teeb meem nyeem ntawv.

Kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias dyslexia yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv txoj kev uas lub hlwb ua cov ntaub ntawv. Xav txog nws zoo li lub khoos phis tawj. Yog li lub hlwb ntawm ib tus neeg uas muaj dyslexia ua cov ntaub ntawv txog cov lus thiab cov ntawv txawv me ntsis ntawm ib tus neeg uas tsis muaj dyslexia. Thaum cov kws tshawb fawb tshuaj xyuas lub hlwb txoj haujlwm, lawv pom tias cov khoom ntawm lub hlwb uas cov neeg uas muaj dyslexia siv thaum lawv nyeem ntawv txawv ntawm cov khoom uas cov neeg uas tsis muaj dyslexia siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub hlwb ntawm cov neeg uas muaj dyslexia tsis ua haujlwm zoo thaum lawv nyeem ntawv. Yog vim li cas kev nyeem ntawv thiaj li zoo li nyuaj thiab nyuaj rau lawv.

Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim tiag tiag hauv dyslexia?

Feem ntau cov menyuam yaus pib nyeem ntawv los ntawm kev kawm paub txog cov suab me me uas ua ib lo lus (peb hu qhov no ua kev paub txog suab - uas yog lub peev xwm los paub txog cov suab hauv ib lo lus) thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev kawm txuas cov suab ntawd nrog cov ntawv ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv (peb hu qhov no ua kev paub txog suab - uas yog lub peev xwm los kawm txog cov suab uas mus nrog txhua tsab ntawv). Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd lawv thiaj kawm muab cov suab ntawd ua ke los ua cov lus. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, lawv yuav muaj peev xwm paub txog cov lus uas siv ntau los ntawm kev pom.

Xav txog kev nyeem ntawv zoo li caij tsheb kauj vab. Koj yuav tsum ua ntau yam tib lub sijhawm, thiab ua raws sijhawm. Yog koj xyaum ua, cov menyuam uas nyeem tau zoo li qub yuav maj mam pib nyeem ntawv thaum lawv pom cov lus. Tom qab ntawd lawv siv tau lub zog hauv lawv lub hlwb los nkag siab thiab nco qab yam lawv tau nyeem.

Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dyslexia, kev paub txog phonemic thiab phonics yog qhov tseem ceeb.Qhov teeb meem yog nrog kev sib txuas (suab-tsab ntawv). Yog li kev nyeem ntawv tsis yog ib txwm rau lawv, nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas lawv yuav tsum ua heev, nyuaj heev. Thaum ib tug me nyuam muaj teeb meem nrog cov kauj ruam thaum ntxov no hauv kev nyeem ntawv, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob uas lawv muaj teeb meem nkag siab txog yam lawv nyeem, thiab lawv chim siab.

Ib qho kev nkag siab yuam kev txog dyslexia yog tias cov ntawv lossis cov lus tshwm sim tig rau sab saud - piv txwv li, 'was' zoo li 'saw'. Hom teeb meem no tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm tus mob dyslexic. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho uas cov menyuam yaus pom thiab sau cov ntawv tig rau sab saud kom txog thaum lawv nyob hauv lawv thawj lossis ob xyoos. Qhov no tsis yog tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dyslexia. Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dyslexia yog nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev paub txog phonemic, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov ntawv-suab (phonics), thiab kev paub cov lus sai.

Cov tsos mob dab tsi uas tuaj yeem qhia tau tias ib tus neeg muaj dyslexia?

Cov yam ntxwv no yuav txawv ntawm ib tug me nyuam mus rau ib tug me nyuam, tab sis muaj ob peb yam uas pom tau zoo sib xws. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv theem pib

Yog koj tus menyuam yaus nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv preschool lossis tsev kawm ntawv theem pib, saib xyuas cov no:

• Yog tias lig dhau lawm ces pib tham.
• Yog cov lus ntev nyuaj rau hais (piv txwv li 'nab' suab zoo li 'sapphire').
• Yog koj muaj teeb meem hais cov lus, nrhiav cov lus uas sib dhos ua ke (piv txwv li cwj mem, tes, khoom noj, dej haus).
• Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem kawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, cov hnub ntawm lub lim tiam, cov xim, cov duab, thiab cov lej.
• Yog koj muaj teeb meem kawm cov npe ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv thiab lawv cov suab (piv txwv li, lub suab ntawm tsab ntawv 'A' yog 'a', lub suab ntawm tsab ntawv 'B' yog 'b').
• Yog koj muaj teeb meem kawm nyeem thiab sau koj lub npe.
• Yog tias nws nyuaj rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov suab lus (piv txwv li, 'am-ma') thiab cov suab (phonemes - piv txwv li, 'b', 'a', 'l' hauv ib lo lus zoo li 'ba-l-di-ya') hauv ib lo lus.
• Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem hais cov lus yooj yim los ntawm kev muab cov tsiaj ntawv sib xyaw ua ke (piv txwv li, hais tias 'ಗಾ-ಸ' = 'ಗಾಸ').
• Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem tso cov ntawv raws li qhov kev txiav txim thaum nyeem lossis sau cov lus (piv txwv li, koj sau lossis nyeem ib yam dab tsi zoo li 'audience' es tsis yog 'speech').
• Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem nrog kev sau ntawv zoo thiab ua tej yam me me kom zoo (kev sib koom tes ntawm lub cev - piv txwv li, khawm khawm, khi hlua khau).

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam loj dua, cov menyuam yaus, thiab cov neeg laus

Cov menyuam yaus loj dua, cov hluas, thiab cov neeg laus kuj muaj cov tsos mob uas tau hais los saum toj no. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, koj kuj tseem yuav pom cov no:

• Yog tias lawv tsis muaj zog nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv dua li lwm tus hnub nyoog.
• Yog tias lawv sim tsis txhob nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv (piv txwv li, lawv hais tias lawv tub nkeeg nyeem phau ntawv, tab sis thaum lawv raug hais kom sau ntawv, lawv tso cai).
• Yog koj ua haujlwm hnyav heev rau kev nyeem ntawv, sau ntawv, thiab xeem, thiab siv sijhawm ntev dua li lwm tus.
• Yog tias ib hom lus txawv teb chaws (piv txwv li Askiv, Fabkis) nyuaj kawm heev.

Koj kuaj mob dyslexia li cas kom raug?

Feem ntau kuaj pom tias muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv tsis tau zoo (dyslexia) thaum ib tug me nyuam tseem kawm ntawv theem pib. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum nws pom tseeb thaum ib tug me nyuam loj me ntsis thiab yuav tsum nyeem thiab nkag siab cov ntaub ntawv ntev thiab nyuaj. Yog tias ib tug me nyuam ntse uas kawm tau zoo tseem muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv, qhov no kuj yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv tsis tau zoo.

Tsuas yog tus kws kho mob lossis tus kws kho mob hlwb uas muaj kev ntsuam xyuas txog tus kab mob dyslexia thiaj li kuaj tau tias muaj tus kab mob no tom qab tau txais kev ntsuam xyuas tag nrho. Qhov no yuav ua tau los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv lossis sab nraud. Tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus ntawm koj tus menyuam kuj paub txog cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob dyslexia thiab tuaj yeem xa koj mus rau qhov kev pab zoo.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias koj ncua sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los pab cov menyuam uas muaj dyslexia, qhov teeb meem nyeem ntawv yuav loj dua thiab tus menyuam txoj kev ntseeg tus kheej yuav qis dua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog cov tsos mob no thiab pib kawm nyeem ntawv tshwj xeeb thaum kawm ntawv theem pib.

Yuav ua li cas tswj hwm dyslexia?

Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias nrog kev txhawb nqa thiab kev pab zoo, ntau tus menyuam uas muaj dyslexia tuaj yeem kawm nyeem ntawv thiab tsim cov tswv yim uas pab lawv kawm hauv chav kawm ib txwm muaj.

Feem ntau lawv ua haujlwm nrog tus xib fwb, tus kws qhia ntawv, lossis tus kws tshwj xeeb nyeem ntawv kom kawm paub nyeem, sau ntawv, thiab daws qhov teeb meem no. Koj tus menyuam tus xib fwb, tus kws kho mob hlwb, lossis tus kws kho mob menyuam yaus yuav pom zoo tus kws kho mob hlwb (qee zaum hu ua tus kws kho mob kev kawm lossis tus kws kho mob lus). Cov no yog cov neeg uas tau kawm tshwj xeeb los ua haujlwm nrog cov menyuam yaus uas muaj dyslexia.

Hauv Sri Lanka, kev txhawb nqa uas cov menyuam no tau txais ntawm tsev kawm ntawv yuav txawv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tham nrog cov xib fwb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab tham txog cov txheej txheem qhia tshwj xeeb uas koj tus menyuam xav tau, xws li lub sijhawm ntxiv rau kev xeem lossis kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev, lossis kev pab sau ntawv. Qee lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav muaj cov kev pab cuam tshwj xeeb los pab cov menyuam no. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai tham nrog cov xib fwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nug cov kws tshaj lij no txog cov hau kev uas koj tuaj yeem pab koj tus menyuam hauv tsev.

Peb yuav tsum paub dab tsi ntxiv txog qhov no?

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv tej zaum yuav xav tias lawv tsis ntse npaum li lawv cov phooj ywg vim lawv muaj teeb meem ua haujlwm nrog lwm tus. Cov teeb meem no tuaj yeem hnyav dua thaum lawv nce qib hauv qib pib, qhov twg kev nyeem ntawv tseem ceeb dua rau kev kawm. Yog li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus yuav tsis muaj kev txaus siab rau kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev tsis taus feem ntau tsis nyeem ntawv vim nws nyuaj thiab ua rau lawv ntxhov siab. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv plam qhov kev xyaum nyeem ntawv tseem ceeb thiab poob qis dua lwm tus menyuam.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum txhawb nqa koj tus menyuam txoj kev siv zog, txhawb kom lawv nyeem ntawv hauv tsev, thiab pab lawv. Qhuas lawv thaum lawv nyeem txawm tias yog ib lo lus me me xwb los xij. Tsis tas li ntawd, sim ua kom koj tus menyuam muaj kev ntseeg siab rau tus kheej thiab muab sijhawm rau lawv kom ua tiav hauv lwm qhov chaw - xws li kev ua si nawv, kev nyiam ua si, suab paj nruag, kos duab, thiab ua yeeb yam. Xav txog seb muaj pes tsawg tus kws kos duab, cov neeg ncaws pob, cov kws tshawb fawb, cov neeg ua lag luam, cov kws kho mob, cov kws lij choj, thiab cov neeg sawv cev hauv ntiaj teb uas tau muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv tab sis tau ua tej yam zoo! Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob xav tias tsuas yog vim muaj ib yam nyuaj, tag nrho koj tus menyuam lub neej yav tom ntej tsis zoo.

Yog koj xav tias koj tus menyuam muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv tsis tau zoo (dyslexia), nrog koj tus kws kho mob, tus xib fwb ntawm koj tus menyuam, lossis tus kws tshwj xeeb nyeem ntawv tham. Thaum koj pom qhov teeb meem nyeem ntawv sai npaum li cas, koj yuav tau txais kev pab zoo rau koj tus menyuam sai npaum li ntawd.

Yog li ntawd, yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas peb yuav tsum coj los tsev los ntawm zaj dab neeg no yog dab tsi?

• Dyslexia tsis yog ib yam kab mob, thiab nws kuj tsis yog qhov tsis muaj kev txawj ntse. Nws yog ib qho kev tsis taus kawm uas tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv txoj kev uas lub hlwb ua cov ntaub ntawv.
• Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas los ntawm yug los, thiab feem ntau los ntawm tsev neeg. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ua rau tus menyuam lossis koj tus kheej xav tias txhaum txog qhov no.
• Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov cim qhia thaum ntxov thiab muab kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kom tus menyuam thiaj li kawm nyeem ntawv thiab tswj tau kev ntseeg siab rau tus kheej.
• Txhawb nqa thiab txhawb koj tus menyuam txoj kev siv zog. Ntxiv rau kev nyeem ntawv, txhawb kom koj tus menyuam kawm lwm yam kev txawj ntse los txhim kho lawv lub peev xwm.
• Tsis txhob ntshai! Tsis txhob ntshai! Yog tias muaj kev pab zoo, cov menyuam uas muaj teeb meem nyeem ntawv kuj tuaj yeem ua neej vam meej thiab zoo siab. Koj tus menyuam tsis nyob ib leeg xwb, muaj ntau tus neeg uas tuaj yeem pab cov menyuam zoo li no.

Dyslexia , teeb meem nyeem ntawv, kev tsis taus kawm, menyuam yaus, kev kawm, niam txiv