Yog tias koj yog ib leej niam uas yuav muaj menyuam, lossis yog tias koj twb yuav muaj menyuam lawm, tej zaum koj twb tau hnov txog ntau qhov kev kuaj ntshav uas koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua thaum koj mus kuaj thawj zaug. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov no yog kev kuaj xyuas Rh factor. Qhov no yuav zoo li me ntsis tsis meej pem thiab tshiab rau koj. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj , hnub no peb yuav tham txog Rh factor yog dab tsi thiab nws tseem ceeb npaum li cas rau koj thiab koj tus menyuam hauv txoj kev yooj yim thiab nkag siab.
Rh factor yog dab tsi? Cia peb nkag siab yooj yim!
Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov Rh factor yog ib qho protein tshwj xeeb uas nyob rau ntawm koj cov qe ntshav liab. Nws yog ib yam dab tsi uas koj tau txais los ntawm koj niam koj txiv, ib yam li koj qhov siab lossis xim tawv nqaij.
- Yog koj muaj cov protein no hauv koj cov qe ntshav liab, koj yog Rh-positive .
- Yog koj tsis muaj cov protein no hauv koj cov qe ntshav liab, koj yog Rh-negative .
Xav txog nws, feem ntau ntawm cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb, kwv yees li 85 feem pua (85%) ntawm lawv, yog Rh-positive . Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj yog Rh-positive, qhov ntawd yog qhov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj.
Peb txhua tus paub txog peb cov hom ntshav. Muaj peb hom ntshav tseem ceeb: A, B, AB, thiab O. Cov hom ntshav no yog "positive (+)" lossis "negative (-)" nyob ntawm koj cov Rh factor. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj cov hom ntshav yog A thiab koj cov Rh factor yog positive, koj cov hom ntshav yog "A positive." Thiab lwm yam:
- Ib qho tsis zoo
- B Zoo
- B Tsis Zoo
- O Zoo
- O Tsis Zoo
- AB Zoo
- AB Tsis Zoo
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias koj tus Rh factor tsis cuam tshuam rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv lossis ua rau muaj teeb meem. Nws tsuas yog ib qho yam ntxwv ntawm koj cov ntshav xwb.
Vim li cas Rh factor thiaj tseem ceeb thaum cev xeeb tub?
Txawm hais tias koj tus Rh factor tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam rau koj lub neej ib txwm, koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog qhov no yog tias koj cev xeeb tub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj yog Rh-negative .
Nov yog qhov tshwm sim:
Xav txog seb, koj yog leej niam uas muaj Rh-negative (txhais tau tias koj tsis muaj cov protein tshwj xeeb ntawd hauv koj cov ntshav). Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus menyuam hauv plab yog Rh-positive (txhais tau tias tus menyuam muaj cov protein ntawd hauv lawv cov ntshav, uas tau txais los ntawm leej txiv), ces teeb meem me me tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Peb hu qhov no tias Rh incompatibility .
Lub sijhawm no, leej niam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yuav paub tias tus menyuam cov qe ntshav liab Rh-positive yog "txawv teb chaws." Ib yam li peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam cov kab mob thaum nws nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev, lub cev ntawm leej niam pib tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam tus menyuam cov qe ntshav liab. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua Rh sensitization .
Tiamsis tsis txhob txhawj! Cov tshuaj niaj hnub no muaj cov kev kho mob zoo los tiv thaiv tus mob no.Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab ib koob tshuaj hu ua "immune globulin" rau koj kom tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem no kom tsis txhob tshwm sim.
Cov ntshav ntawm leej niam thiab tus menyuam yuav sib xyaw li cas?
Feem ntau, cov ntshav ntawm leej niam thiab tus menyuam hauv plab tsis sib xyaw ncaj qha thaum cev xeeb tub. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum tshwj xeeb, cov ntshav me me ntawm tus menyuam tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog cov ntshav ntawm leej niam. Cov xwm txheej zoo li no suav nrog:
- Thaum lub sijhawm yug menyuam: Nws tuaj yeem yog kev yug menyuam los ntawm qhov chaw mos lossis kev phais cesarean.
- Qee qhov kev kuaj tshwj xeeb uas tau ua thaum cev xeeb tub: piv txwv li, kev kuaj xws li "amniocentesis" (kev kuaj cov kua amniotic) lossis "chorionic villus sampling - CVS" (kev kuaj ib feem ntawm lub placenta).
- Yog tias koj muaj kev los ntshav ntawm qhov chaw mos thaum cev xeeb tub.
- Yog tias muaj xwm txheej loj lossis raug mob rau lub plab.
- Yog tias muaj teeb meem thaum cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov, xws li kev rho menyuam lossis cev xeeb tub ectopic.
- Tom qab ib qho txheej txheem hu ua "external cephalic version (ECV)", uas yog siv los tig tus menyuam uas tseem tab tom khoov.
Thaum twg tus menyuam muaj kev pheej hmoo?
Feem ntau, tus menyuam tsis muaj teeb meem loj thaum cev xeeb tub thawj zaug ntawm leej niam Rh-negative. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog vim tias cov ntshav ntawm leej niam feem ntau yuav sib xyaw nrog cov ntshav ntawm tus menyuam thaum yug menyuam. Yog li, txawm tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pib tsim los, tus menyuam yuav yug los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas Rh factor txawm tias nws yog koj thawj zaug cev xeeb tub.
Qhov teeb meem no yuav tshwm sim yog tias koj cev xeeb tub zaum ob thiab tus menyuam kuj yog Rh-positive. Qhov no yog vim tias koj tseem yuav muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas koj tau tsim tom qab koj yug thawj tus menyuam. Tom qab ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawd tuaj yeem hla lub placenta thiab pib tawm tsam cov qe ntshav liab Rh-positive ntawm tus menyuam thib ob. Tus mob no hu ua kab mob Rh . Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam muaj kev phom sij heev, txawm tias ua rau tuag taus .
Leej twg muaj feem yuav muaj Rh tsis sib haum?
Qhov kev pheej hmoo no tshwm sim thaum leej niam Rh-negative yug tus menyuam Rh-positive . Tus menyuam Rh factor yog txiav txim los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces uas tau txais los ntawm leej niam thiab leej txiv.
- Yog tias leej niam yog Rh-negative (-) thiab leej txiv yog Rh-positive (+):
- Tus me nyuam kuj tseem yuav muaj Rh-positive (+) (ces muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb).
- Tus me nyuam kuj tseem yuav muaj Rh-negative (-) (yog li ntawd tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo).
- Yog tias leej niam yog Rh-negative (-) thiab leej txiv kuj yog Rh-negative (-):
- Tus me nyuam yuav yog Rh-negative (-). Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo.
- Yog leej niam yog Rh-positive (+):
- Txawm leej txiv yog Rh-positive (+) lossis Rh-negative (-), tus menyuam yuav tsis muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb vim yog leej niam lub Rh factor, vim tias lub cev ntawm leej niam tsis tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam cov protein "txawv teb chaws" ntawd.
Yuav paub qhov Rh factor li cas? (Kev kuaj Rh factor)
Qhov no yooj yim heev. Thaum koj cev xeeb tub, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau koj tus Rh factor yog dab tsi los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim (hom thiab kev kuaj) thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob ua ntej yug menyuam thawj zaug. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev. Vim tias yog tias koj yog Rh-negative thiab tus menyuam yog Rh-positive, qhov tsis sib xws ntawm Rh factor uas peb tau tham txog tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Yuav kuaj mob thiab kho mob li cas rau qhov tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Rh?
Thaum koj cev xeeb tub, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xub xyuas seb koj puas yog Rh-negative.
- Yog koj yog Rh-positive: Tsis muaj teeb meem. Tsis muaj lwm yam ua.
- Yog koj muaj Rh-negative thiab koj qhov kev kuaj antibody tsis muaj: Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab ib koob tshuaj Rh immune globulin rau koj (tseem hu ua RhoGAM®) . Qhov no yog muab los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov antibody ntawd.
- Feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog muab ib zaug xwb , nyob ib ncig ntawm lub lim tiam 28 ntawm kev cev xeeb tub.
- Yuav muab ib koob tshuaj ntxiv rau hauv 72 teev tom qab tus menyuam yug los (tsuas yog tias tus menyuam muaj Rh-positive xwb).
- Qee zaum, txawm tias thaum ntxov cev xeeb tub (piv txwv li, yog tias koj los ntshav), yog tias tus kws kho mob xav tias koj cov ntshav thiab koj tus menyuam yuav sib xyaw, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no yuav raug muab rau.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob '(RhoGAM®)' no ua haujlwm zoo li daim ntaub thaiv . Nws tiv thaiv koj lub cev kom tsis txhob tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob txaus ntshai. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no zoo heev rau kev kho mob Rh tsis sib xws. Yog li ntawd, kev kuaj pom qhov mob no thaum ntxov ntawm cev xeeb tub yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem loj.
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj twb muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Rh (antibody screen positive), kev txhaj tshuaj RhoGAM® yuav tsis pab. Yog li ntawd, cov kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas koj thiab koj tus menyuam thoob plaws koj cev xeeb tub. Nyob ntawm tus menyuam mob, cov kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab yug menyuam ntxov.
Muaj teeb meem dab tsi tshwm sim vim yog Rh incompatibility?
Qhov tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Rh tsis cuam tshuam rau leej niam cev xeeb tub . Txawm li cas los xij, nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam hauv plab. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ib qho mob hu ua hemolytic anemia . Hais yooj yim, cov qe ntshav liab ntawm tus menyuam raug rhuav tshem sai dua li lawv tau hloov pauv.
Cov teebmeem yuav txawv ntawm qhov me me mus rau qhov hnyav heev. Lawv suav nrog:
- Jaundice: Daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag.
- Kev ua tsis tiav ntawm daim siab .
- Lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm .
- Yug tuag .
Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau, cov menyuam mos uas muaj teeb meem me me ntawm tus kab mob Rh tsis xav tau kev kho mob tshwj xeeb . Cov menyuam mos zoo li no yuav zoo tag nrho.
Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, tus menyuam mosTej zaum yuav tsum tau hloov ntshav. Qhov no txhais tau tias yuav tsum tau muab ntshav tshiab rau tus menyuam. Cov menyuam mos uas muaj mob daj ntseg yuav raug muab tso rau hauv kev kho mob tshwj xeeb (phototherapy) kom txo cov bilirubin, uas ua rau muaj xim daj. Tus menyuam kuj tseem yuav tsum tau yug ntxov me ntsis kom tiv thaiv kev mob ntshav tsis txaus.
Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias txij li thaum nrhiav tau tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob Rh immune globulin, qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob Rh tau txo qis heev.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tas lawm?
Yog tias tus niam uas muaj Rh-negative lub cev tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lawm, kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv '(Rh immune globulin)' yuav tsis ua haujlwm. Yog vim li ntawd peb thiaj hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub koj tus Rh factor thiab nrhiav kev kho mob sai li sai tau.
Puas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv qhov tsis sib haum xeeb Rh?
Vim tias qhov Rh factor yog ib qho genetic factor, peb tsis tuaj yeem xaiv hom Rh uas peb tus menyuam yuav tau txais. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv qhov teeb meem no yog kom leej niam paub nws tus Rh factor thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, kom tau txais tshuaj tiv thaiv '(RhoGAM®)' thaum lub sijhawm zoo.
Qhov no cuam tshuam li cas rau leej niam uas muaj Rh-negative? (Thaum kawg, yam koj yuav tsum paub - Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Yuav Khoom)
Yog tias koj yog leej niam Rh-negative, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub txog cov no.
Tsis txhob txhawj! Txawm tias koj yog Rh-negative los xij, yog tias koj tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv '(RhIg)' tom qab txhua zaus uas koj raug cov ntshav Rh-positive (piv txwv li, yug menyuam, qee qhov kev kuaj mob), koj tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm koj tus menyuam kom muaj tus kab mob Rh. Nco ntsoov tias, Rh tsis sib xws cuam tshuam rau koj tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv, tsis yog koj li.
Thaum koj paub txog koj tus Rh factor thaum ntxov, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem muab tshuaj tiv thaiv "RhIg" rau koj thaum lub sijhawm zoo. Qhov ntawd yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los ua kom koj tus menyuam noj qab nyob zoo.
Kev paub koj tus kheej Rh thaum cev xeeb tub (thiab zoo dua yog ua ntej) tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem. Zoo hmoo, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj koj cov ntshav thaum ntxov ntawm koj cev xeeb tub kom paub seb koj puas yog Rh-positive lossis Rh-negative. Kev tsis sib haum Rh tsuas yog teeb meem yog tias koj yog Rh-negative thiab koj tus menyuam yog Rh-positive. Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kho qhov no los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj Rh immune globulin (RhIg) rau koj.
Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob ntshai lossis txhawj xeeb yam tsis tsim nyog. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav saib xyuas koj thiab koj tus menyuam zoo, thiab yuav muab txhua yam kev kho mob tsim nyog. Txhua yam koj yuav tsum ua yog ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia thiab mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua. Ces koj yuav muaj feem ntau dua los muaj tus menyuam noj qab nyob zoo!
` Rh factor, Rhesus factor, cev xeeb tub, hom ntshav, Rh negative, Rh positive, Rh incompatibility, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, RhoGAM, menyuam yaus
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus