Kev pw tsaug zog hnub tsis yog ib qho kev paub zoo kawg nkaus li? Qhov sov so uas koj hnov, qhov tshiab uas koj tau txais... Feem ntau, peb tawm mus rau hauv lub hnub kom tau txais daim tawv nqaij zoo nkauj thiab ci ntsa iab. Tab sis txawm tias peb nyiam lub hnub npaum li cas los xij, lub hnub tsis zoo rau peb daim tawv nqaij. Lub hnub no yog lub luag haujlwm rau feem ntau ntawm cov wrinkles ntawm koj lub ntsej muag thiab cov pob me me uas los nrog hnub nyoog. Xav txog qhov no: muaj ob tug poj niam hnub nyoog 40 xyoo. Ib tug ntawm lawv ib txwm tiv thaiv nws daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub hnub. Tus lwm tus tsis xav ntau txog nws. Daim tawv nqaij ntawm tus neeg uas tiv thaiv nws daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub hnub tuaj yeem zoo li tus neeg muaj hnub nyoog 30 xyoo. Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev raug tshav ntuj ntau npaum li cas ua rau peb daim tawv nqaij laus.
Feem ntau peb xav tias daim tawv nqaij dawb huv thiab ci ntsa iab yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev noj qab haus huv. Tab sis kev pleev xim rau daim tawv nqaij, txawm tias los ntawm lub hnub lossis siv lub rooj pleev xim rau daim tawv nqaij, qhov tseeb ua rau cov txheej txheem laus sai dua thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, lub teeb UV ua rau cov elastin fibers hauv peb daim tawv nqaij puas tsuaj. Thaum cov fibers no tawg, daim tawv nqaij pib sag thiab ncab. Nws kuj siv sijhawm ntev dua rau cov qhov txhab ntawm daim tawv nqaij kom kho. Yog li, txawm tias qhov kev puas tsuaj los ntawm lub hnub tsis pom thaum koj tseem hluas, koj yuav pom nws cov teebmeem thaum koj laus.
Lub hnub ci ua dab tsi rau koj daim tawv nqaij tiag?
Kev raug tshav ntuj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam kev puas tsuaj rau daim tawv nqaij. Hais yooj yim xwb, nws tuaj yeem ua rau:
| Cov mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub hnub ci | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Cov mob ua ntej mob qog noj ntshav thiab mob qog noj ntshav | Kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij txo qis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav (Actinic Keratosis) thiab mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij (Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Melanoma) . |
| Cov qog nqaij hlav zoo | Cov pob me me, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi uas tshwm sim rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. |
| Cov kab nrib pleb | Cov kab nrib pleb zoo thiab tob ntawm daim tawv nqaij. |
| Cov quav hnav | Cov pob me me xim av ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab tes. |
| Kev hloov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij (Mottled pigmentation) | Ua rau daim tawv nqaij tsaus ntuj los yog muaj xim av rau qee qhov chaw. |
| Tawv nqaij daj (Sallowness) | Daim tawv nqaij poob nws cov xim noj qab haus huv thiab dhau los ua daj. |
| Cov tsos ntawm cov hlab ntsha me me rau ntawm qhov chaw (Telangiectasias) | Cov hlab ntsha me me liab pib tshwm sim rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. |
| Tawv nqaij sagging (Elastosis) | Daim tawv nqaij sagging tshwm sim vim yog kev puas tsuaj ntawm elastin thiab collagen fibers, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau daim tawv nqaij elasticity. |
Cov ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog hom mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Hais yooj yim xwb, mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog qhov tsis zoo li qub, tsis muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm cov hlwb ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb no ua rau muaj qog nqaij hlav. Ib txhia ntawm cov no tuaj yeem yog cov qog nqaij hlav zoo (tsis yog qog nqaij hlav) thiab ib txhia tuaj yeem yog cov qog nqaij hlav phem (qog nqaij hlav).
Muaj peb hom mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij:
1. Mob qog nqaij hlav hauv hlwb
2. Mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub hlwb
3. Mob qog nqaij hlav
Ntawm cov no, ob hom thawj zaug (basal cell thiab squamous cell) yog cov uas pom ntau tshaj plaws. Cov no kuj hu ua mob qog nqaij hlav uas tsis yog melanoma . Lawv tsis loj heev thiab tuaj yeem kho tau tag nrho yog tias kuaj pom thaum ntxov.
Txawm li cas los xij, hom hu ua Melanoma yog qhov hnyav dua me ntsis. Melanocytes , uas muab nws cov xim rau daim tawv nqaij,Hom mob qog noj ntshav no tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlwb hu ua s) thiab yog tus ua rau 75% ntawm kev tuag los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Yog tias tsis kho, nws tuaj yeem kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev.
Qhov ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav yog cov teeb ultraviolet (UV) los ntawm lub hnub. Cov teeb UV los ntawm cov txaj tanning kuj zoo ib yam li ntawd. Cov teeb UV tseem tuaj yeem ncav cuag lub ntiaj teb txawm tias thaum los nag lossis huab cua, yog li nws muaj kev phom sij rau kev tawm mus sab nraud yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, xav tias lub hnub tsis muaj zog.
Leej twg muaj feem yuav mob qog nqaij hlav ntau dua?
Txawm hais tias leej twg los xij tuaj yeem mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qee tus neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua.
- Rau cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij dawb heev uas yooj yim raug tshav ntuj kub.
- Rau cov neeg uas muaj ntau cov freckles ntawm lawv daim tawv nqaij.
- Rau cov neeg uas muaj lub qhov muag xim dawb .
- Rau cov neeg uas muaj plaub hau daj los yog plaub hau liab .
- Yog tias koj lossis ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg tau muaj mob qog nqaij hlav ua ntej.
- Rau cov neeg uas feem ntau ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov (xws li cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, cov neeg ua haujlwm tsim kho).
- Rau cov neeg uas nyob hauv thaj chaw uas tau txais ntau lub hnub ci .
- Muaj hnub nyoog kub hnyiab heev thaum tseem yog menyuam yaus ua rau muaj feem yuav mob qog nqaij hlav melanoma ntau ntxiv.
- Yog tias koj muaj ntau tshaj 30 lub cim yug me nyuam loj, tsis sib luag ntawm koj lub cev.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij dub zoo li peb kuj tuaj yeem mob qog nqaij hlav . Txawm hais tias qhov kev pheej hmoo qis dua, peb tseem yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog qhov no.
Cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog dab tsi? Koj paub nws li cas?
Cov cim ceeb toom feem ntau ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav yog kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho mole tshiab, ib qho chaw, lossis ib lub pob, lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm ib qho mole uas twb muaj lawm.
- Basal Cell Carcinoma: Nws yuav pib ua ib lub pob me me, du, zoo li hlaws, ci ntsa iab rau ntawm lub ntsej muag, pob ntseg, lossis caj dab.
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Tej zaum yuav zoo li ib lub pob liab, tawv lossis ua ib qho ntxhib, tawv, thiab los ntshav.
- Melanoma: Feem ntau pom ua xim av/dub lossis pob, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem liab lossis dawb. Txawm hais tias nws zoo li lub cim yug me nyuam ib txwm muaj, nws tsis zoo li qub.
Muaj ib txoj cai tseem ceeb heev hu ua ABCDE txoj cai rau kev kuaj pom melanoma. Nco ntsoov qhov no thaum kuaj xyuas koj daim tawv nqaij seb puas muaj moles.
| Txoj cai ABCDE | Yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau dab tsi |
|---|---|
| Ib qho kev sib npaug | Ib sab ntawm lub cim yug tsis zoo ib yam li lwm sab. Yog koj faib nws ua ob sab, ob sab yuav tsis zoo ib yam. |
| B kev txiav txim (ntug) | Cov npoo ua tsis meej, ntxhib, thiab tsis meej. |
| Xim | Muaj ntau xim nyob rau hauv tib lub cim yug los, xws li xim av, dub, liab, dawb, lossis xiav. |
| Txoj kab uas hla | Loj dua 6 hli txoj kab uas hla (loj npaum li cov roj hmab cwj mem). Thiab, yog tias muaj ib qho cim yug me nyuam loj dua, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. |
| Kev loj hlob | Txhua qhov chaw tshiab lossis kev hloov xim, duab, lossis qhov loj ntawm qhov chaw uas twb muaj lawm, khaus, lossis los ntshav. |
Yog koj pom qhov kev hloov pauv zoo li no, koj yuav ua li cas?
Tsis txhob ntshai kiag li. Tiam sis tsis txhob ncua sij hawm. Qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob lossis kws kho mob tawv nqaij tam sim ntawd. Nws yuav kuaj xyuas thiab muab cov lus qhia tsim nyog rau koj.
Yuav kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav thiab kho li cas?
Yog tias tus kws kho mob pom ib qho chaw uas koj daim tawv nqaij yuav muaj qhov txawv txav, feem ntau lawv yuav muab ib daim tawv nqaij me me (biopsy) los kuaj . Qhov no yooj yim heev. Lawv yuav txhaj tshuaj loog rau hauv thaj chaw ntawd, muab ib daim tawv nqaij me me thiab kuaj nws hauv lub tshuab microscope. Qhov no yuav pab lawv txiav txim siab seb nws puas yog mob qog noj ntshav lossis tsis yog, thiab nws yog hom twg.
Cov kev kho mob yog txiav txim siab los ntawm hom mob qog noj ntshav, qhov loj me, qhov chaw ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav, thiab tus neeg mob lub siab nyiam.
- Rau mob qog noj ntshav uas tsis yog melanoma: Kev kho mob suav nrog kev phais tshem tawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab me ntsis ntawm cov nqaij noj qab nyob zoo nyob ib puag ncig nws, khawb cov hlwb qog noj ntshav tawm thiab hlawv lawv nrog hluav taws xob, siv qhov txias heev los rhuav tshem cov hlwb (cryosurgery), lossis tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav sab nraud.
- Rau melanoma: Feem ntau cov qog nqaij hlav raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev phais mob loj. Tej zaum yuav muaj kev kuaj mob kom pom tias cov qog nqaij hlav puas tau kis mus rau cov qog ntshav hauv lub cev. Yog tias cov qog nqaij hlav tau kis mus rau lwm qhov, tej zaum yuav xav tau kev kho mob nrog cov tshuaj xws li chemotherapy.
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia txhua yam no rau koj thiab pab koj xaiv txoj kev kho mob uas zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.
Peb ua tau dab tsi los tiv thaiv peb tus kheej ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav?
Txawm hais tias kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub hnub tsis tuaj yeem kho tau tag nrho los xij, kev tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem pab kho qee qhov kev puas tsuaj. Yog li, nws yeej tsis lig dhau los pib tiv thaiv koj daim tawv nqaij.
- Yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub: Siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub ntau ntau uas muaj SPF 30 lossis siab dua 20 feeb ua ntej tawm mus sab nraud. Rov siv dua txhua ob teev yog tias koj tawm hws lossis ua luam dej.
- Hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv: khaub ncaws tes ntev, kaus mom dav dav, thiab tsom iav uas tiv thaiv tau UV.
- Tsis txhob raug tshav ntuj kub heev: Thaum twg ua tau, tsis txhob raug tshav ntuj kub heev ntawm 10 teev sawv ntxov thiab 2 teev tav su.
- Tshawb xyuas koj daim tawv nqaij koj tus kheej: Yam tsawg kawg ib hlis ib zaug, mus rau pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav thiab tshawb xyuas tag nrho koj lub cev. Nrhiav cov pob tshiab, pob khaus, lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm cov pob qub.
- Tiv thaiv koj cov menyuam: 80% ntawm ib tus neeg lub neej raug tshav ntuj ua ntej hnub nyoog 18 xyoo. Yog li ntawd, ua niam txiv, qhia koj cov menyuam yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej ntawm lub hnub txij li thaum lawv tseem hluas. Ua ib tug qauv zoo.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov teeb ultraviolet (UV) los ntawm lub hnub yog qhov ua rau mob qog nqaij hlav. Cov teeb no ncav cuag lub ntiaj teb txawm tias thaum muaj huab cua tsaus ntuj los xij.
- Tshawb xyuas koj daim tawv nqaij tsis tu ncua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev nco ntsoov txoj cai ABCDE thiab ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm koj cov moles.
- Yog koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv txawv txawv rau koj daim tawv nqaij, ib qho chaw tshiab lossis ib lub qog tshiab, tsis txhob ntshai lossis ncua sijhawm, tab sis mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Ua kom nws yog ib qho kev coj ua los siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub SPF 30+, hnav kaus mom, thiab khaub ncaws tiv thaiv txhua zaus koj tawm mus sab nraud.
- Yog tias kuaj pom thaum ntxov, feem ntau cov mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav kho tau tag nrho, yog li kev paub thiab kev tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus