Koj puas feem ntau xav tias nkees thiab qaug zog? Los yog nws siv sijhawm ntev heev rau txawm tias qhov txhab me me los kho? Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias qhov no tsuas yog lwm yam xwb. Tab sis tom qab tag nrho qhov no tej zaum yuav muaj qee tus neeg tiv thaiv me me, tab sis muaj zog heev hauv koj lub cev. Niaj hnub no peb tab tom tham txog cov qe ntshav dawb no, uas yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov qe ntshav dawb no yog dab tsi?
Cov qe ntshav dawb, lossis hauv kev kho mob, leukocytes, yog ib hom qe ntshav tshwj xeeb uas tiv thaiv peb lub cev ntawm cov kab mob. Ib yam li peb lub tebchaws muaj ib pab tub rog, kuj muaj ib pab tub rog tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv peb lub cev. Cov qe ntshav dawb no yog cov tub rog ntawm pab tub rog ntawd. Lawv nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv peb cov ntshav thiab cov nqaij, npaj txhij los tawm tsam txhua yam kev kis kab mob, kev raug mob, lossis cov kab mob phem uas nkag mus rau hauv lub cev.
Txawm hais tias lawv tsuas yog ua 1% ntawm peb cov ntshav xwb, txoj haujlwm ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb no ua tsis yog ib qho haujlwm me me.
Cov neeg saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg no ua haujlwm li cas?
Qhov no yog ib qho txheej txheem txawv txawv heev. Xav txog ib tug kab mob lossis ib tug kab mob nkag mus rau hauv koj lub cev.
1. Kev Tshawb Fawb: Ua ntej, peb cov qe ntshav dawb mus ncig thoob plaws lub cev los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, zoo li thaum lawv tab tom saib xyuas.
2. Kev Qhia: Thaum twg pom muaj kab mob nyob qhov twg, cov qe ntshav dawb thawj zaug uas tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw ntawd ua haujlwm zoo li cov thawj coj, xa cov cim tshuaj mus rau lwm cov qe ntshav dawb hais tias, "Muaj teeb meem ntawm no, tuaj sai sai."
3. Kev Tawm Tsam: Tom qab ntawd, ib pab tub rog loj ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb sib sau ua ke ntawm qhov chaw muaj kab mob. Kauj ruam tom ntej yog rhuav tshem cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv. Qee cov qe ntshav dawb ncaj qha noj cov kab mob. Lwm hom, hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tsim cov protein tshwj xeeb uas txuas rau cov kab mob thiab rhuav tshem nws .
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov qe ntshav dawb yog cov phab ej ntsiag to uas tawm tsam nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm peb lub cev.
Cov no tsim los li cas? Lawv nyob qhov twg?
Cov qe ntshav dawb feem ntau yog tsim tawm hauv peb cov pob txha. Qhov mos mos no hauv cov pob txha yog lub Hoobkas uas tsim ntau lub qe ntshav hauv peb cov ntshav. Cov qe ntshav hauv cov pob txha no yog cov uas tsim mus ua ntau hom qe ntshav dawb.
Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, ib hom qe ntshav dawb tshwj xeeb hu ua lymphocytes kuj tsim nyob rau hauv cov chaw xws li thymus gland thiab lymph nodes. Thaum tsim tau lawm, cov no koom nrog peb lub cev ncig ntshav thiab mus ncig thoob plaws lub cev.
Muaj ntau hom qe ntshav dawb.
Ib yam li peb cov tub rog muaj cov tub rog sib txawv, cov tub rog ntshav dawb kuj muaj cov kws tshwj xeeb rau ntau yam haujlwm sib txawv. Muaj 5 hom feem ntau.
| Hom qe ntshav dawb | Txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb |
|---|---|
| Cov neutrophils | Cov no yog cov tub rog pem hauv ntej ntawm cov tub rog, ncaj qha tawm tsam thiab rhuav tshem cov kab mob bacterial thiab fungal. |
| Cov qe ntshav dawb | Cov neeg no zoo li cov tub rog tshwj xeeb. Lawv feem ntau tawm tsam cov kab mob sib kis. Lawv nco qab cov kab mob yav dhau los thiab pab peb teb sai sai yog tias peb rov qab muaj cov kab mob ntawd dua. |
| Cov Eosinophils | Nws tawm tsam cov kab mob parasites (piv txwv li cov kab mob me me) thiab kuj pab tawm tsam kev ua xua thiab cov qog nqaij hlav. |
| Cov basophils | Cov no yog cov neeg uas teb thaum muaj kev ua xua (xws li khaus, txham, thiab ntswg ntws). |
| Cov Monocytes | Cov neeg no zoo li ib pab neeg tu vaj tse. Lawv tshem tawm cov hlwb puas tsuaj, cov kab mob tuag, thiab lwm yam, thiab ntxuav qhov chaw muaj kab mob. |
Yog tias cov qe ntshav dawb nce lossis txo qis, yuav ua li cas?
Feem ntau, tus neeg noj qab nyob zoo yuav tsum muaj cov qe ntshav dawb ntawm 4,000 txog 11,000 rau ib microliter ntawm cov ntshav. Yog tias tus lej no hloov pauv, nws tuaj yeem yog lub cim qhia tias muaj teeb meem nrog peb lub cev.
- Cov qe ntshav dawb tsawg (Leukopenia):Qhov no txhais tau tias koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob qis. Qhov no txhais tau tias txawm tias yog ib tug kab mob me me los kuj tuaj yeem tawm tsam koj lub cev tau yooj yim. Qhov no txhais tau tias koj yuav muaj feem mob ntau dua .
- Leukocytosis: Qhov no txhais tau tias koj lub cev muaj cov qe ntshav dawb ntau dua li nws yuav tsum tau. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum koj lub cev tab tom tawm tsam kev kis kab mob . Tab sis qee zaum, mob hnyav xws li leukemia tuaj yeem ua rau cov qe ntshav dawb nce ntxiv yam tsis tau tswj hwm.
Cov cim qhia tias yuav ua rau muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog qhov no
Yog koj cov qe ntshav dawb hloov pauv, tej zaum koj yuav muaj cov tsos mob hauv qab no. Yog tias koj tseem muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob.
| Cov tsos mob | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Kev kis kab mob ntau zaus | Yog tias koj feem ntau tau txais tej yam xws li kub taub hau, mob khaub thuas, thiab mob caj pas. |
| Kub taub hau thiab mob lub cev uas tsis paub meej | Lub cev liab, mob khaub thuas thiab kub taub hau, mob lub cev. |
| Cov qhov txhab tsis kho | Txawm tias yog ib qho qhov txhab me me los kuj yuav kis kab mob, liab, thiab siv sijhawm ntev heev los kho. |
| Hnoos tas li thiab ua pa nyuaj | Nws yuav yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev kis kab mob ntawm lub ntsws. |
Koj xyuas cov no li cas?
Qhov kev kuaj ntshav uas yooj yim thiab siv ntau tshaj plaws los xyuas koj cov qe ntshav dawb yog kev suav cov ntshav tiav (CBC).Hauv qhov no, yuav muab ib qho qauv me me ntawm koj cov ntshav coj mus kuaj thiab suav cov qe ntshav dawb, cov qe ntshav liab, thiab cov qe ntshav dawb hauv nws. Daim ntawv qhia no tuaj yeem qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob ntau yam txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Ua rau cov qe ntshav dawb qis thiab siab
Muaj ntau yam ua rau muaj qhov hloov loj no. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav yog tus txiav txim seb yog vim li cas.
Tej yam ua rau cov qe ntshav dawb qis (Leukopenia)
- Kev ua tsis tau haujlwm ntawm cov pob txha (Aplastic Anemia)
- Cov mob qog nqaij hlav xws li leukemia
- Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav
- Kev tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus xws li vitamin B12
- Cov kab mob ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog xws li HIV/AIDS
Tej yam ua rau muaj cov qe ntshav dawb ntau ntxiv (leukocytosis)
- Kab mob bacterial los yog viral (Sepsis)
- Kev o ntawm lub cev
- Kev raug mob lub cev lossis kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub hlwb heev
- Cov kab mob autoimmune xws li lupus thiab rheumatoid arthritis
- Cov mob qog nqaij hlav xws li leukemia lossis lymphoma
- Kev ua xua hnyav heev (Allergies)
Peb yuav ua li cas kom peb cov qe ntshav dawb noj qab nyob zoo?
Muaj tej yam uas peb ua tau los ua kom peb cov tub rog ruaj ntseg muaj zog.
- Nyob huv si: Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob los ntawm kev ntxuav koj txhais tes tsis tu ncua thiab noj zaub mov thiab dej haus huv.
- Noj zaub mov kom zoo: Muab cov zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab zaub ntsuab rau hauv koj cov zaub mov uas muaj ntau cov vitamins, tshwj xeeb yog vitamin C thiab zinc. Cov no ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog.
- Tswj lwm yam mob: Yog tias koj muaj lwm yam mob, xws li ntshav qab zib, tswj lawv kom zoo, vim tias cov mob no kuj tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog.
- Ua raws li cov lus qhia kho mob: Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog lawv thiab mus kuaj mob thiab kho mob uas tsim nyog.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov qe ntshav dawb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas tiv thaiv peb lub cev ntawm kab mob.
- Yog tias koj mob ntau zaus, yog tias cov qhov txhab siv sijhawm ntev los kho, lossis yog tias koj kub taub hau yam tsis muaj laj thawj, nws yuav yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj teeb meem nrog koj cov qe ntshav dawb.
- Cov qe ntshav dawb tsawg dua lossis siab dua li qub tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim qhia txog ib qho mob uas twb muaj lawm.
- Kev kuaj ntshav yooj yim (CBC) tuaj yeem txiav txim siab koj cov qe ntshav dawb.
- Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no, nco ntsoov mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob kom tau lus qhia.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus