Lɛ wi lan bɔt Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) - di ‘majik bulɛt’ we de fɛn kansa sɛl dɛn ɛn gi mɛrɛsin?

We wi se "kansa", wan pan di wɔd dɛm we kin kam na wi maynd wantɛm wantɛm na "kimotɛrapi". Bɔku pipul dɛn kin fred dis tritmɛnt bikɔs i kin mek dɛn ia lɔs ɛn i nɔ kin izi fɔ di bɔdi. Bɔt we di sayɛns bɔt mɛrɛsin dɔn go bifo, dɛn dɔn bigin fɔ yuz nyu we dɛn na di wɔl we go ebul fɔ atak di kansa sɛl dɛn nɔmɔ ɛn ridyus di damej we di sɛl dɛn we gɛt wɛlbɔdi de du bad bad wan. Tide, wi go tɔk bɔt wan tritmɛnt we dɔn mek big big tin na di wɔl fɔ tritmɛnt fɔ kansa, ɛn we de wok lɛk ‘majik bulɛt’. Dat na Antibody-Drug Conjugates, ɔ ADCs as wi kin kɔl dɛn fɔ shɔt.

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, wetin na dis Antibodi-Drug Conjugate (ADC)?

Imajin se yu nid fɔ kɛr wan pasɛl go to jɔs wan pɔsin na ples we pipul dɛn kin ful-ɔp. Aw i go izi fɔ fɛn da pɔsin de ɛn sɛn di pasɛl instead fɔ sheb am to ɔlman? Na dat dis ADC de du.

ADC na wan kɔmbaynshɔn we gɛt tri pat dɛn. Fɔ tɔk di kɔrɛkt tin, i tan lɛk ‘smat bɔm’ we dɛn mek wit teknɔlɔji.

1. Antibodi: Dis na wi ‘identification agent’. spεshal protin dεm de (wi kכl dεn ``tכmכro antijen dεm'') we de כnli pan di kεnsar sεl dεm. dis antibodi dεn mek am fכ go εn stik to di protin dεm we de pan dεn kεnsar sεl dεm. I tan lɛk ki we fit insay in kɔrɛspɔndɛns lɔk. biכs hεlty sεl dεm nכ gεt dεn protin dεm ya, dis antibodi nכ de stik to dεm. biכs dεn mek dεn spεshal wan na labכtכri, wi kin kכl dεm bak ``Monoclonal Antibody''.

2. Kimotɛrapi drɔg: Dis na wetin de insay da paket de. I de yuz wan mɛrɛsin we strɔng pasmak fɔ fɛt kansa pas wetin dɛn kin gi am we dɛn de tek kimotɛrapi ɔltɛm. Bikɔs i kin go dairekt insay di kansa sɛl, i kin gi pawaful mɛrɛsin we nɔ go ambɔg di wɛlbɔdi sɛl dɛn we de na do.

3. Linker: Dis na di ‘gum’ we de ol di spay (Antibody) en di bomb (Chemo drug) togeda. di wok we dis linka de du na fכ mek di dכg nכ kכmכt te di antibodi fכn di kεnsar sεl εn go insay de. Na afta di kansa sɛl dɔn go insay nɔmɔ dis linka kin brok, ɛn i kin pul di mɛrɛsin.

Aw dis ‘bayolojikal mishɔl’ de wok?

Dis prɔses rili intrestin. Lɛ wi si wetin de apin stɛp bay stɛp.

• Step 1: Dɛn kin injɛkt di ADC drɔg insay di pɔsin in vein tru wan salin sɔlvushɔn.
• Step 2: Dis drɔg de travul ɔlsay na di bɔdi tru di blɔd. Bɔt as i de travul, di antibodi pat de wok lɛk GPS, ɛn i de fɛn usay di kansa sɛl dɛn de.
• step 3: wans dεn fכnshכn wan kεnsar sεl, di antibodi de go εn ‘lכk’ pan wan spεsifi k protin (antijen) we de na di sεf fכ da sεl de.
• Step 4: We dɛn dɔn lɔk am lɛk dis, di kansa sɛl kin tink se dis na sɔntin we i want. So i de pul dis ɔl ADC pakej insay insɛf.
• step 5: wans insay di kεnsar sεl, di εnzym dεm we de insay de brok dכn da ‘linker’ de.
• Step 6: As di linka de brok, di hεli pawaful kεmothεrapi dεm we bin bכnd to am de kכmכt insay di kεnsar sεl.
• Step 7: Bikɔs dis mɛrɛsin strɔng, di kansa sɛl de pwɛl frɔm insay.

Us kayn kansa dɛn kin trit wit ADC?

ADC nɔto tritmɛnt fɔ ɔl kayn kansa. Naw, dɔktɔ dɛn kin tink bɔt dis tritmɛnt fɔ sɔm kayn kansa, mɔ we ɔda tritmɛnt dɛn nɔ wok (`(refractory cancer)`), di kansa dɔn kam bak (`(recur)`), ɔ i dɔn skata to ɔda pat dɛn na di bɔdi (`(metastasize)`).

Lɛ wi ɛksplen dis mɔ na di tebul we de dɔŋ ya.

Bɔku ADC drɔgs dɛn we dɛn kin yuz na di wɔl

I dɔn ɔlrɛdi pas wan duzin ADC mɛrɛsin dɛn we ɛjɛnshi dɛm lɛk FDA na Amɛrika dɔn gri fɔ. Sɔm ɛgzampul dɛn na:

• Brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris®): Dɛn kin yuz am fɔ blɔd kansa lɛk Hodgkin limfoma.
• Trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla®): Dɛn kin yuz am fɔ HER2-positiv brɔst kansa we dɔn skata ɔlsay na di bɔdi.
• Sacituzumab govitecan (Trodelvy®): Dɛn kin yuz am fɔ triplɛ-nɛgitiv brɔst kansa ɛn blad kansa.

Nɔr sayd ɛfɛkt nɔr de fɔ dis tritmɛnt?

pan ɔl we dɛn se "harm to healthy cells is minimal", dis nɔ min se nɔ sayd ɛfɛkt nɔ de pan dis tritmɛnt. Bɔt we yu kɔmpia dɛn to di kemotɛrapi we dɛn kin tek ɔltɛm, bɔku tɛm dɛn kin ebul fɔ kɔntrol dɛn tin ya. De sayd effekt wae kin apun kin difrɛn frɔm wan pɔrsin to ɔda pɔrsin, i kin difrɛn pan di kayn kansa, in stej, ɛn di pɔrsin in ɔl wɛl bɔdi.

Yu ɔnkɔlɔji tim go de wach yu gud gud wan ɔl di tɛm we yu de trit yu. If ɛni sayd ɛfɛkt apin, dɛn go gi yu tritmɛnt kwik kwik wan.

Di kɔmɔn sayd ɛfɛkt dɛn:

• Taya
• Nɔs ɛn vɔmit
• Anemia we nɔ gɛt bɛtɛ blɔd
• Lukopenia (we di wayt blɔd sɛl dɛn nɔ bɔku) .
• Lɔw blɔd pletlɛt kɔnt (`(Thrombocytopenia)`)
• Anorexia we pɔsin kin gɛt
• Kɔnstipɛshɔn ɔ dayarɛa
• Ɛd we de at, fiva
• di pεrifεral nyuropati - di limb dεm we de sכmtεm sכmtεm εn tingling
• Rash na di skin

I rili impɔtant fɔ tɛl yu dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm bɔt ɛni wan pan dɛn tin ya, ilɛksɛf na smɔl tin.

Wi kin gɛt op fɔ dis tritmɛnt?

Yɛs, na fɔ tru. ADC na tritmɛnt we dɔn briŋ nyu op to bɔku pipul dɛn we gɛt kansa. Stɔdi dɔn sho se di wan dɛn we gɛt ADC tritmɛnt de liv lɔng pas di wan dɛn we de tek standad kemotɛrapi nɔmɔ.

Ɛn dis fil de divɛlɔp kwik kwik wan. Naw, i pas 100 klinik trial dɛm we de go bifo ɔlsay na di wɔl. Sayɛnsman dɛn de tray fɔ mek ADC dɛn we go wok fayn ɛn we nɔ gɛt bɔku sayd ɛfɛkt fɔ mɔ kayn kansa. So, wi kin op se tumara bambay, wi go ebul fɔ gɛt dis ‘mɛjik bulɛt’ tritmɛnt fɔ bɔku ɔda kayn kansa.