Amasavu g’omubiri (Lipids): Ebirungi, Ebibi, ne Bye Tulina Okumanya

Wali olabye ebigambo nga Cholesterol ne Triglycerides bw’otunuulira lipoota y’omusaayi? Mpozzi omusawo akugambye nti, "Kolesterol wo ali waggulu katono, weegendereze." Ffenna tufuna okutya katono ekigambo ‘cholesterol’, si bwe kiri? Naye ddala Lipids zino oba nga bwe tutera okuziyita, amasavu agali mu mibiri gyaffe kye ki? Zibi eri emibiri gyaffe gyokka? Oba waliwo ebirungi? Katukwogere ku nsonga eno leero okusobola okutangaaza ebibuuzo byonna by'olina mu birowoozo.

Mu ngeri ennyangu, lipids zino ze ziruwa?

Mu ngeri ennyangu, lipids kibinja kya birungo bya kemiko mu mibiri gyaffe ebirina obutonde bw’amasavu oba waxy. Enjawulo esinga obunene nti tezisaanuuka mu mazzi. Teebereza singa oteekamu amafuta ga muwogo mu giraasi y’amazzi, gandilengejja waggulu, naye nga tegatabula na mazzi, nedda? Bw’atyo amasavu bwe gasangibwa mu musaayi gwaffe.

Amasavu gano geetaagisa nnyo mu mirimu mingi emikulu mu mubiri gwaffe. Kino kitegeeza nti amasavu si ‘bibi’ byokka. Naye ng’ekintu kyonna bwe kiri, ebizibu bibaawo nga biyitiridde.

Ebika by’amasavu bye tutera okuwulira n’emboozi zaabyo

Bwe twogera ku lipids, kikulu okumanya ku bazannyi abakulu abatonotono. Oboolyawo amannya gano wali owuliddeko.

1. Cholesterol: Ono y’asinga okumanyika mu kika ky’amasavu. Kolesterol yeetaagibwa nnyo omubiri gwaffe okusobola okunyiga amasavu ne vitamiini n’okukola obusimu.

2. Triglycerides: Zino y’engeri omubiri gwaffe gye gusinga okuterekamu amaanyi. Calories ez’enjawulo ze tufuna mu mmere gye tulya omubiri gukyusibwa ne gufuuka triglycerides ne guterekebwa mu butoffaali bw’amasavu.

Naye waliwo ekizibu ekitono wano. Nga bwe nnagambye emabegako, cholesterol ne triglycerides tezisaanuuka mu mazzi. Omusaayi gwaffe gusinga kuba gwa mazzi. Kale zitambula zitya mu musaayi mu mubiri gwonna?

Lipoproteins zino ze zisinziira emboozi ya kolesterol ‘ennungi’ ne ‘embi’ gye tuwulidde.

Emigaso emirala egy’amasavu eri omubiri gwaffe

Ng’oggyeeko ensonga ya kolesterol, amasavu galina emigaso emirala mingi eri emibiri gyaffe.

• Okutereka amaanyi n’okutambuza: Triglycerides zikola ng’amasoboza amakulu agatereka mu mubiri gwaffe.
• Okusindika obubaka eri obutoffaali: Obusimu obuyitibwa steroid hormones kika kya lipid ekitambuza obubaka wakati w’obutoffaali mu mubiri gwaffe.
• Okuyamba okugaaya emmere: Eminnyo gy’ekibumba egikolebwa ekibumba nga ekozesa kolesterol, giyamba okugaaya amasavu agali mu mmere gye tulya.
• Obutoffaali obukuuma: Buli katoffaali mu mubiri gwaffe kalina ekibikka eky’ebweru. Kino kiyitibwa oluwuzi lw’obutoffaali. Kino kikolebwa ebirungo ebiyitibwa lipids. Kiba ng’omulyango gw’ennyumba. Okubikka kuno okw’amasavu kwe kusalawo ani asobola okuyingira mu katoffaali n’ani asobola okuvaamu.

Endwadde ezibeerawo ng’amasavu gataataaganyizibwa

Mu budde obwabulijjo, omubiri gwaffe gukola obungi bw’amasavu ge gwetaaga. Naye oluusi bbalansi eno ebula. Olwo, endwadde ez’enjawulo ziyinza okubaawo.

• Hyperlipidemia: Kino kweyongera okuyitiridde mu muwendo gw’amasavu (cholesterol, triglycerides) mu musaayi.
• Hypolipidemia: Kino kibeera kirungo kya lipids ekitono mu musaayi. Eno mbeera ya bbula nnyo.
• Obulwadde bw’emisuwa: Kino kye kisinga okuba eky’akabi ekivaamu. LDL oba kolesterol "omubi" yeeyongera mu bisenge by'emisuwa, ekigireetera okufunda n'okukaluba okuva munda. Kino kye tuyita "okukaluba kw'emisuwa."
• Obulwadde bw’emisuwa gy’omusaayi (Coronary Artery Disease): Embeera eva ku kuzibikira emisuwa egigabira omutima omusaayi. Kino kiyinza okuvaako omutima okulwala.
• Hypertriglyceridemia: Okweyongera kw’omuwendo gwa triglyceride mu musaayi.

Waliwo obubonero bwonna obulaga nti amasavu mangi?

Ekisinga okuba eky’obulabe wano kwe kuba nti abantu bangi tebafuna bubonero bwonna, ne bwe kiba nti kolesterol mu musaayi gwabwe ali waggulu atya . Eno y'ensonga lwaki abantu abamu bakiyita "omutemu omusirise." Obubonero bulabika oluvannyuma lw’emisuwa okufunda ennyo.

Wabula abantu abamu abalina kolesterol omungi ennyo bayinza okufuna obubonero nga:

• Xanthelasma: Ebizimba ebitonotono ebya kyenvu ku lususu okwetoloola amaaso naddala munda mu liiso.
• Xanthoma: Ekizimba ekikolebwa amasavu okuteekebwa wansi w’olususu mu bitundu by’omubiri ebirala naddala okwetooloola ennyondo z’ebitundu by’omubiri.
• Corneal Arcus: Empeta enjeru oba enzirugavu eyeetoolodde cornea y’eriiso. Kino kya bulijjo nga tukaddiwa, naye kino bw’okiraba mu muvubuka, kiyinza okuba akabonero akalaga nti kolesterol ali mungi.

Ntegeera ntya ddala emiwendo gyange egy’amasavu?

Engeri yokka gy’oyinza okumanyamu amasavu mu mubiri gwo kwe kwekebeza omusaayi oguyitibwa lipid profile . Kino kyangu nnyo okukebera omusaayi.

Ekirala, weewale okukebera kuno ng’oli mulwadde oba ng’oli ku situleesi, kubanga ebivaamu biyinza okwawukana katono mu biseera ng’ebyo. Era tegeeza omusawo wo ku ddagala lyonna ly’omira.

Ennamba eziri mu lipoota zigamba ki?

Mu bujjuvu, emiwendo mu lipoota ya Lipid Profile giri bwe giti (gino miwendo gya bulijjo, era omusawo wo ayinza okutereeza ebiruubirirwa okusinziira ku mbeera y’obulamu bwo):

• Total Cholesterol: Omuntu atakka wansi wa 200 mg/dL y’asinga.
• LDL Cholesterol ("ekibi"): Ekitakka wansi wa 130 mg/dL kirungi. Naye bw’oba ​​olina obulwadde bwa sukaali oba omutima, omusawo ayinza okukuwa amagezi okugikuuma wansi wa 100 mg/dL oba wadde 70 mg/dL.
• HDL Cholesterol ("mulungi"): Okusukka 60 mg/dL kitwalibwa ng'ekitali kya bulabe. Kino gye kikoma okuba waggulu, gye kikoma okuba ekirungi.
• Triglycerides: Ebitakka wansi wa 150 mg/dL kirungi.

Ebintu bye tuyinza okukola okufuga emiwendo gy’amasavu

Amawulire amalungi gali nti emiwendo gy’amasavu okusinga gisobola okufugibwa nga tukyusa obulamu bwaffe.

1. Enkyukakyuka mu mmere

• Okukendeeza ku masavu amangi: Bano be balabe abakulu okwongera ku muwendo gwaffe ogwa LDL. Kendeeza nga bwe kisoboka emmere erimu amata ga muwogo amangi, emmere erimu amafuta, ennyama emmyufu (ente, embizzi), amata agajjudde amasavu (cheese, butto), n’emmere ey’amangu.
• Londa amasavu amalungi: Entangawuuzi nga amafuta g’ezzeyituuni, amafuta ga canola, ovakedo, entangawuuzi ne kaawa birimu amasavu amalungi.
• Lya emmere erimu ebiwuziwuzi: Mu mmere yo ssaamu emmere ey’empeke enzijuvu (omuceere ogwa kitaka, oats, mwanyi), enva endiirwa, ebibala n’ebinyeebwa (entangawuuzi, entangawuuzi, ebinyeebwa ebibisi). Fiber ayamba okuggya kolesterol mu mubiri.
• Kkomya emmere erimu ssukaali n’obuwunga: Ebintu ng’ebyokunywa ebiwoomerera, keeki, bisikiiti n’omugaati byongera ku muwendo gwaffe ogwa triglyceride.

2. Okukola dduyiro

Bw'okola dduyiro ng'okutambula amangu, okudduka, okuvuga obugaali, oba okuwuga okumala eddakiika ezitakka wansi wa 30 olunaku, waakiri ennaku 5 mu wiiki, osobola okwongera ku muwendo gwa kolesterol wa HDL "omulungi" n'okukendeeza ku muwendo gwa LDL "omubi" ne triglyceride.

3. Enkyukakyuka endala mu bulamu

• Kuuma omugejjo omulungi: Obuzito bw’omubiri bwe bweyongera, n’amasavu geeyongera. Okugejja wadde akatono kiyinza okuleeta enjawulo nnene.
• Weewale ddala okunywa sigala: Okunywa sigala kikendeeza ku kolesterol wa HDL ("omulungi") era kwonoona emisuwa, okwanguya enkola y'okuzimba emisuwa.
• Weebake bulungi: Okwebaka okumala essaawa 7-9 buli lunaku nakyo kikulu nnyo eri obulamu okutwalira awamu.
• Goberera amagezi g’omusawo: Singa amasavu go tegasobola kufugibwa n’okukyusakyusa mu bulamu bwo bwokka, omusawo ayinza okukuwa eddagala. Statins ze ddagala erisinga okukozesebwa. Waliwo n’eddagala eddala nga bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, ne PCSK9 inhibitors . Kikulu okumira eddagala omusawo ly’akulagidde nga bwe likulagidde.