I mit hmuh danah danglamna i hmu em? Amsler Grid test chungchang hi i zir dawn nia!

Amsler Grid chungchang hi i hre tawh em? I mit doctor chuan a hrilh che a ni mai thei. Test awlsam tak a ni a, mahse a pawimawh hle. Natna thenkhat, a bik takin kan mit retina-a mit hmuhna inthlak danglamna chu rang taka hriat theihna turin a pui a ni.

Amsler Grid hi eng nge ni?

Okay, chuvangin he Amsler Grid hi eng nge a nih i en ang. A awlsam zawngin, cardboard te tak te chunga print square ruler a ni. Square a ni a, a sei zawng chu centimetre 10 a ni a, a zau zawng chu centimetre 10 a ni, a dik tak chuan. A sir khatah square te te 20 a nei a, chuvang chuan grid pumpuiah square te te a tam hle tihna a ni. He square ruler lai takah hian i ngaihven tur dot tlem a awm a. Mi thenkhat chuan ‘Amsler eye chart’ an ti bawk.

He Amsler grid test hian a tum ber chu macula nena inzawm natna avanga mitdelna (distorted vision) (damdawi lam tawngin metamorphopsia an tih ang chi) i neih leh neih loh hriat chian a ni. Tin, i mit lam doctor hnenah heng distortion te hi i mit hmuhna hmuna awmna hmun entir nan a pui bawk. Chumi hnuah chuan doctor chuan i macula-a harsatna awm chu a hrethiam thei ang.

Doctor te chuan retina natna thenkhat nei te chuan nitin in lamah he Amsler grid hi hmang turin an rawt tlangpui . A chhan chu chutianga i tih chuan i mit hmuha inthlâk danglamna tenau te pawh i hre thuai thei a ni. I hriat hmasak chuan a chang chuan mit hmuh lohna awm reng theihna chu i tihtlem thei bawk.

Eng dinhmunah nge Amsler Grid test hi hman a nih?

Tunah chuan, ‘Awle, hei hian mit hmuhna inthlak danglamna a hmuchhuak thei a ni’ tih i ngaihtuah mai thei. Mahse, eng atan chiah nge hman a nih?’ a ti a. Dik tak chuan Amsler grid hi macula chunglam tichhe thei dinhmun eng pawh hriatchhuah leh enkawl nan hman a ni. Entirna tlemte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Macular Degeneration : Hei hi he natna chi hrang hrang dry leh wet tan pawh a pawimawh hle.
• Central Serous Retinopathy natna a awm a .
• Neovascularization hi mit hmun thenkhatah thisen kalna kawng thar a lo awm thin a ni .
• Mit hmuhna hmun dum (Scotomas) .
• Macular Pucker/Epiretinal Membrane hmanga thil tih a ni .
• Cystoid Macular Edema a awm thin a ni .
• Zunthlum kaihhnawih macular edema .
• Pituitary Gland Tumors : Hengte hian a chang chuan i mit veilam leh i mit dinglam dinglamah mit a tichhe thei a ni. Hei hi ``Bilateral Hemianopia`` an ti a.
• Accident avanga macula chhiatna.
• Retinal natna dang emaw, retinal nena inzawm thil emaw, mitdel nghal thei.

A pawimawh ber chu heng symptoms te hi hriat hmasak hi a ni a, chutiang tur chuan he test awlsam tak hian a pui hle.

Chu mai pawh ni lovin, mitdel surgery atana i inbuatsaih a nih chuan mit lam doctor-te chuan he Amsler grid hi hmangin i macula-a harsatna i neih leh neih loh an enfiah hmasa phawt thin.

Engtin nge Amsler Grid hmangin i mit i test thin?

Okay, tunah chuan he Amsler grid hi engtin nge kan hman dik ang tih kan en ang. A awlsam khawp mai.

A hmasain, i hmaa Amsler grid chu lehkhabu emaw chanchinbu emaw i chhiar ṭhin angin hla takah i vawn a ngai a, chu chu inches 12 aṭanga 15 (centimetre 30 aṭanga 38 ) vel a ni. A pawimawh ber chu glasses emaw contact lens emaw i bun a nih chuan he test chhung hian i bun tha em tih enfiah thin ang che.

A dawtah chuan mit pakhatin i test tur a ni. Mit khata i en lai hian mit dang chu i kut hmangin khuh la. Tunah chuan i test mek mit hmang hian grid lai takah dot te tak te chu ngun takin en (focus) rawh. Grid chu a vawi khatnaah a hlat zawng inangah dah vek tur a ni tih hre reng ang che.

Chu dot chu a laiah i en reng lai chuan – i mit chu hma leh hnunglam sawn lovin – a hnuaia mi zawng zawng hi a dik vek em tih uluk takin enfiah rawh:

• Grid kil pali zawng zawng chiang takin i hmu thei em?
• Grid-a line awm zawng zawng chu i hmu thei em? An vai hian an dik famkim em? (Drawn, bent, leh broken loh).
• Grid chhung hmun dangah hmun thim emaw, hmun hring emaw i hmu em?
• Grid-a line zawng zawng hi a chiangin a inang vek (a chhe lo emaw, a fiah lo emaw) a lang vek em?

Mit clinic i kal hian i mit doctor chuan he Amsler grid hmang hian i mit a test thei ang. Retinal natna vei hlauhawm i nih chuan i doctor chuan in lama hman tur printed Amsler grid a pe thei bawk.

Pawimawh: I doctor-in in lama hman tur Amsler grid a pek che chuan a sawi ang chiah (a tlangpuiin nitin) i hmang tur a ni. In lama test i tih laiin a chunga kan sawi tak thil pali zinga pakhat tal a danglam tih i hriat chuan mit doctor pan nghal rawh.

Amsler Grid chi dang a awm em?

Amsler grid test hi Swiss mit lam doctor Marc Amsler-a siam a ni. He grid test chi hrang hrang pasarih a sawi tawh a ni. Amaherawhchu, ‘Amsler grid’ kan sawi tlangpui hian chi khatna (Chart 1) kan sawina a ni.

Chu chi 7 te chu tlem kan zir dawn em ni?

• Type 1 (Chart 1) a ni:Hei hi a chipui ber leh hman tlanglawn ber a ni. Background dum chungah stripe dum a nei a. A sir khatah square 20 a awm avangin square tin hi centimetre 0.5 a zau a ni. A laiah chuan i ngaihtuah tur circle te tak te a awm a.
• Type 2 (Chart 2): Hei hi a hmasa nen a inang a, mahse chu bakah chuan a sir pali atanga center dot thlengin diagonal line siam a ni. Hei hi an mit hmuhna lairil a dark spot (Scotomas) nei, mahse grid hmanga mit hmuhna inthlak danglamna enfiah thinte tan a tangkai hle.
• Type 3 (Chart 3): Hei hi a hmasa ang bawkin a structure a nei a, mahse background dum-ah chuan red stripe a awm thung. Hei hian mit hmuh dan (subtle visual distortion) leh rawng nena inzawm danglamna te hriatchhuahna kawngah a pui a ni.
• Chart 4: Grid ai chuan hei hian 10x10 cm grid chhungah background dum chungah random takin dots dum a theh darh a. Line aiah dots hman hian a entu tan hmuh theih lohna leh dark spot (scotomas) te chu a thliar hrang awlsam hle.
• Type 5 (Chart 5): Hei hian horizontal stripe chauh a nei. Stripe te chu background dum ah a dum a ni. Vertical stripe awmchhun chu box pawn lam veilam leh dinglamah a awm.
• Chart 6: Hei hi Chart 5 nen a inang a, mahse background dum chungah line dum a awm. Tin, middle horizontal line, leh a chung leh a hnuaia line pahnih te chu grid-a line dangte aiin an inhnaih zawk a ni. Line-te chu an inhnaih deuh deuh chuan, distortion leh danglamna fiah lo zawk i hmu thei a ni.
• Chart 7: Hei hian background dum chungah line dum a nei a. A hmasa ber nen a inang a, mahse central 5x5 cm section-a square awmte chu grid pawn lam a square awm zat chanve vel a ni. Heng square te te hi 6th type-a line siam ang chi te hian danglamna tenau zawk emaw, distortion emaw te pawh hriat theihna turin a pui thin.

Ngaihtuah teh, heng chi hrang hrangte hi i mit lama mamawh hrang hrang leh danglamna fiah lo tak takte hriat theihna tura siam a ni.

Macular degeneration i neih chuan Amsler Grid hi engtin nge a lan?

Tunah chuan macular degeneration ang chi natna nei mi pakhatin he Amsler grid hi an en hian eng ang nge a nih ang tih hi han en ila. A tlangpuiin, hetiang hi i hmu ang:

• Grid-a line awmte chu tuiin a hnim hnah chunga line awm ang maiin a inzawm emaw, a hrual emaw angin a lang thei .
• Grid hmun thenkhat chu a dang aiin a blurry emaw, a thim zawk emaw a lang thei.
• Grid hmun thenkhat chu a khar thei a, chu chu engmah hmuh theih lohna hmun blank a awm thei tihna a ni.

I Amsler grid i en laiin hetiang thil hi i hmu a nih chuan ngaihthah suh. I macula-ah harsatna a awm thei tihna a ni. Chuvangin hetiang thil hi i hmuh chuan mit doctor pan nghal tur a ni.

I phone-a Amsler Grid app hi engtin nge i ngaih?

Tunlai hian smartphone leh tablet tan Amsler Grid apps pawh a awm tih i hmu tawh mai thei. ‘Aw... hei hi a awlsam a, ka phone-ah pawh ka ti dik thei’ tih i ngaihtuah mai thei.

Chutiang app hman i duh chuan i mit specialist nen inbia hmasa phawt ang che. He app hi i mamawh ang a nih leh nih loh a hrilh thei che a ni.

Mahse thil pakhat hre reng ang che: Smartphone app hi damdawi lam enkawlna aiah a ni ngai lo. Ringhlelna i neih chuan mit doctor trained, thiam tak zawt fo ang che. Bet him ber a ni.

A tawi zawngin (Take-Home Message) .

Okay, chuvangin kan sawi tawh atang hian i hriat reng tur thenkhat chu khaikhawm ila.

Amsler grid hi i mit hmuhna a inthlak danglam emaw, a danglamna emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiahna awlsam, awlsam leh noninvasive tak a ni a, a bik takin i central vision-ah hian a danglamna a awm leh awm loh enfiahna a ni. I mit doctor chuan nitin in lamah printed Amsler grid hmang turin a hrilh che a nih chuan hmang ngei ang che.

Hetianga rawtna anga Amsler grid hman hian macular degeneration ang chi natna avanga retina inthlak danglamna chu a tir lamah a hriat theih nan a pui thei a ni . Heng inthlak danglamna te hi a hmaa man theih a nih chuan i mit venhimna kawngah kawng thui tak a zawh ang a, chhiatna dang a veng ang a, i mitmenga inrintawkna nen hna i thawk chhunzawm thei bawk ang.

Chuvangin i mit hi a hlu em em a ni. Anmahni enkawl rawh. Tlemte pawh inthlâk danglamna i hmuh chuan, damdawi lam thurâwn dîl chu tihkhawtlai suh.

` Amsler Grid, Mit enfiahna, Mit hmuhna, Retina, Macula, Mit Degeneration, Metamorphopsia